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Rice Ethylene Receptors Define a Novel Plant Hormone Receptor-Ion Channel with Calcium/Cation Permeability

ABSTRACT: The gaseous phytohormone ethylene regulates pivotal plant processes from development, productivity to resistance, yet how its signaling intersects with calcium (Ca²⁺) second messengers remains elusive. Here, we identify a calcium-dependent antagonism of ethylene response (CAER) regulating root elongation in the model cereal Oryza sativa. Unexpectedly, we show that the ethylene receptor OsERS1 acts as a Ca²⁺-permeable, non-selective cation channel, mediating permeation of both mono- and divalent cations. Mutagenesis analyses reveal that OsERS1 channel activity relies on homomeric assembly sites (C4/C6) rather than its ethylene-binding domain (C65), indicating decoupled regulatory modules for receptor and channel functions. Genetic data demonstrate that, unlike wild-type plants, both the loss-of-function mutant Osers1 and gain-of-function line Osers2d fail to exhibit CAER phenotypes, establishing that CAER depends on ethylene receptors of OsERS1 and OsERS2. Our findings reveal a previously unrecognized ion-channel function of ethylene receptors, establishing a novel paradigm of "hormone receptor-type ion channel (HRIC)" in plants. This discovery carries broad implications for redefining signal transduction networks across plant biology.

ORGANISM(S): Oryza sativa

PROVIDER: GSE303585 | GEO | 2026/03/04

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Rice Ethylene Receptors Define a Novel Plant Hormone Receptor-Ion Channel with Calcium/Cation Permeability

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