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A Microcavity-Based Sarcoma Spheroid Model for Drug Efficacy and Mechanism Analysis Using Cost-effective 3D Printing Technology

ABSTRACT: Ewing sarcoma is a pediatric bone cancer with poor survival in relapsed cases, highlighting the need for better preclinical models. Here, we developed a scalable 3D spheroid platform using SLA-printed microcavity arrays to generate uniform Ewing sarcoma spheroids. High-throughput screening of 11 compounds identified Torin 2, Talazoparib, and Trabectedin as potent inhibitors. Incorporating lung fibroblasts into hybrid spheroids revealed fibroblast-induced drug resistance, mimicking the metastatic tumor microenvironment. Transcriptomic analysis identified activation of NF-κB and TGF-β signaling pathways as key mediators of this resistance. This platform offers a cost-effective, biologically relevant system for drug testing and mechanistic studies in Ewing sarcoma and other stromal-influenced cancers.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE303862 | GEO | 2025/08/04

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Tumor: tumor microenvironment (TME) interactions are critical for tumor progression and the composition and structure of the local extracellular matrix (ECM) are key determinants of tumor metastasis. We recently reported that activation of Wnt/beta- catenin signaling in Ewing sarcoma cells induces widespread transcriptional changes that are associated with acquisition of a metastatic tumor phenotype. Significantly, ECM protein-encoding genes were found to be enriched among Wnt/beta-catenin induced transcripts, leading us to hypothesize that activation of canonical Wnt signaling might induce changes in the Ewing sarcoma secretome. To address this hypothesis, conditioned media from Ewing sarcoma cell lines cultured in the presence or absence of Wnt3a was collected for proteomic analysis. Label-free mass spectrometry was used to identify and quantify differentially secreted proteins. We then used in silico databases to identify only proteins annotated as secreted. Comparison of the secretomes of two Ewing sarcoma cell lines revealed numerous shared proteins, as well as a degree of heterogeneity, in both basal and Wnt-stimulated conditions. Gene set enrichment analysis of secreted proteins revealed that Wnt stimulation reproducibly resulted in increased secretion of proteins involved in ECM organization, ECM receptor interactions, and collagen formation. In particular, Wnt-stimulated Ewing sarcoma cells upregulated secretion of structural collagens, as well as matricellular proteins, such as the metastasis-associated protein, tenascin C (TNC). Interrogation of published databases confirmed reproducible correlations between Wnt/beta-catenin activation and TNC and COL1A1 expression in patient tumors. In summary, this first study of the Ewing sarcoma secretome reveals that Wnt/beta-catenin activated tumor cells upregulate secretion of ECM proteins. Such Wnt/beta-catenin mediated changes are likely to impact on tumor: TME interactions that contribute to metastatic progression.

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A Microcavity-Based Sarcoma Spheroid Model for Drug Efficacy and Mechanism Analysis Using Cost-effective 3D Printing Technology

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