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Transcriptional memory of tomato plants using ultrasound and drought stress stimuli [RNA-seq]

ABSTRACT: Plant memory is a tool for plants that they can use to increase their fitness and cope with adverse environmental stresses. In this study, mRNA-seq., WGBS and RT-qPCR methods were applied for evaluating formation and maintenance of somatic transcriptional memory after treatment with ultrasound and drought stimuli in tomatoes. In addition, effects of repeated stimuli, as well as association-forming ability of plants were studied when they were trained previously with combined stimuli. 48 h after exposure to the two stimuli applied alone or in combination, significantly altered gene transcription and DNA methylation were revealed but there was no correlation between these changes. Using four selected target genes, we have proven that plants memorized stimuli for 5 to 10 days, in a gene-, and stimulus-dependent way. The repeated application of the stimuli caused altered behavior, such as habituation, sustained induction or modified re-induction, depending on the genes and physiological ages of plants. Plants were able to use one conditioned stimulus as a predictor of the other, unconditioned one, after conditioning in the case of 3 out of 4 target genes, and use their transcriptional memory associatively.

ORGANISM(S): Solanum lycopersicum

PROVIDER: GSE303938 | GEO | 2025/09/22

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Chronic stress is epidemiologically correlated with physical and psychiatric disorders. Whereas many animal models of chronic stress induce symptoms of psychopathology, repeated homotypic stress typically fails to induce these symptoms and may even protect against the effects of subsequent stress exposures. Recent results indicate that the rostral posterior hypothalamic (rPH) region is a significant component of the brain circuitry underlying response reductions (habituation) associated with repeated homotypic stress. To test whether posterior hypothalamic transcriptional regulation associates with the behavioral modifications induced by repeated homotypic stress, RNA-seq was performed in the rPH dissected from adult male rats that experienced either no stress, 1, 3, or 7 stressful loud noise exposures. Plasma samples displayed reliable increases of corticosterone in all stressed groups, with the smallest increase in the group exposed to 7 loud noises, indicating significant habituation compared to the other stressed groups. While no differentially expressed genes were detected 24-hrs after a single loud noise exposure, 36 and 405 transcripts were differentially expressed between the control vs 3-stress and control vs 7-stress groups, respectively, which correlated with the corticosterone habituation observed. Gene ontology analyses indicated multiple significant functional terms related to neuron differentiation, neural membrane potential, pre- and post-synaptic elements, chemical synaptic transmission, vesicles, axon guidance and projection, glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission. Some of the differentially expressed genes (Zmat4, Dlx6) encoded transcription factors that were independently predicted by transcription factor enrichment analysis to target other differentially regulated genes in the set. A similar experiment employing in situ hybridization histochemical analysis in additional animals validated the direction of change of the 5 transcripts investigated (Camk4, Gabrb2, Gad1, Grin2a and Slc32a) with a high level of temporal and regional specificity for the rPH. In aggregate, the results suggest that distinct patterns of gene regulation are obtained in response to repeated homotypic vs. heterotypic stress regimens; they also point to a significant reorganization of the rPH region that may critically contribute to the phenotypic modifications associated with repeated homotypic stress habituation.

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Transcriptional memory of tomato plants using ultrasound and drought stress stimuli [RNA-seq]

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