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MicroRNA Profiling Identifies Diagnostic and Prognostic Markers in Pediatric Sarcoma

ABSTRACT: MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules that play a significant role in many physiologic processes in the body, including regulation of gene expression. Their expression in cancer cells can become dysregulated where they can promote tumorigensis or function as tumor suppressors. In this article, we define the microRNA profile associated with three common pediatric sarcomas. Using multiple tissue samples from different sources including tissue microarray slides and two methods, we have detected the differential expression of miR-9-5p, miR-206 and miR-140 in Ewing’s sarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and osteosarcoma respectively. NanoString nCounter profiling method exhibited higher sensivity in detecting microRNA profiles and differentially expressed microRNAs compared to microRNAscope which identified in situ hybridization of specific microRNA molecules. MicroRNA expression correlated with adverse patient outcome. Our findings demonstrate that distinct miRNA profiles can differentiate pediatric sarcoma types and provide clinically relevant insights into potential diagnostic and prognostic applications.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE310120 | GEO | 2025/11/24

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Breast Cancer is the cancer with most incidence and mortality in women. microRNAs are emerging as novel prognosis/diagnostic tools. Our aim was to identify a serum microRNA signature useful to predict cancer development. We focused on studying the expression levels of 30 microRNAs in the serum of 96 breast cancer patients versus 92 control individuals. Bioinformatic studies provide a microRNA signature, designated as a predictor, based upon the expression levels of 5 microRNAs. Then, we tested the predictor in a group of 60 randomly chosen women. Lastly, a proteomic study unveiled the over-expression and down-regulation of proteins differently expressed in the serum of breast cancer patients versus that of control individuals. Twenty-six microRNAs differentiate cancer tissue from healthy tissue and 16 microRNAs differentiate the serum of cancer patients from that of the control group. The tissue expression of miR-99a-5p, mir-497-5p, miR-362, and miR-1274, and the serum levels of miR-141 correlated with patient survival. Moreover, the predictor consisting of mir-125b-5p, miR-29c-3p, mir-16-5p, miR-1260, and miR-451a was able to differentiate breast cancer patients from controls. The predictor was validated in 20 new cases of breast cancer patients and tested in 60 volunteer women, assigning 11 out of 60 women to the cancer group. An association of low levels of mir-16-5p with a high content of CD44 protein in serum was found. Circulating microRNAs in serum can represent biomarkers for cancer prediction. Their clinical relevance and use of the predictor here described might be of potential importance for breast cancer prediction.

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MicroRNAs Regulate p21Waf1/Cip1 Protein Expression and the DNA Damage Response in Human Embryonic Stem Cells

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Expression data of mouse eSZ and GP cells with or without EWS-FLI1

Project description:Ewing’s sarcoma is highly malignant bone tumor that involves childhood and adolescent, and its nature has not been well understood. To clarify its cellular origin and the mechanisms of tumorigenesis, we used ex vivo approach to create a murine model for Ewing’s sarcoma. The osteochondrogenic progenitors derived from the embryonic superficial zone (eSZ, designated as FZ in the data set) of murine long bones at late gestation were purified by microdissection, introduced with EWS-FLI1 or EWS-ERG retroviruses and transplanted into nude mice. Ewing’s sarcoma-like small round cell sarcoma developed at 100% penetrance, whereas tumor induction was less effective when growth place (GP)-derived cells were used. The different response of gene expression to EWS-FLI1 between eSZ and GP cells suggests importance of the specific cellular context for EWS-FLI1 to induce Ewing’s sarcoma. The Wnt/β-catenin pathway was involved in close relationship to the cellular context, with Dkk2 and Wipf1 as important downstream modulators. Furthermore, gene expression profiling revealed similarity between our models and human Ewing’s sarcoma. These results indicate that Ewing’s sarcoma originates from the embryonic osteochondrogenic progenitor.

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