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Transcriptome-wide mapping reveals an RNA-dependent mechanism of platinum cancer drugs [RNA-seq]

ABSTRACT: Clinically used small molecules has been predicted to off-target to RNAs. However, the extend of this interaction is small molecule cancer therapeutics has not been characterized. Here, we screened for anticancer smalll molecules for their RNA interactions and uncovered widespread RNA off-targeting. Cisplatin was found to be one among the RNA binders. We used it as a model agent to identify the specific transcripts it interact with. To accomplish this, we developed Plat-RNAseq, a click-chemistry-mediated transcriptome-wide assay. Our results revealed that cisplatin binding was enriched at guanine-rich regions capable of forming RNA G-quadruplexes (rG4s) .We found that the recruitment of cisplatin to rG4s partially contributed to its cytotoxicity, revealing a noncanonical mechanism of action for this widely used chemotherapeutic agent. RNA seq was performed to catalogue all non-ribosomal RNAs present in A2780 cells.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE310424 | GEO | 2026/02/23

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Drug resistance poses a major challenge to ovarian cancer treatment. Understanding mechanisms of drug resistance is important for finding new therapeutic targets. In the present work, a cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cell line A2780-DR was established with a resistance index of 6.64. The cellular accumulation of cisplatin was significantly reduced in A2780-DR cells as compared to A2780 cells consistent with the general character of drug resistance. Quantitative proteomic analysis identified 340 differentially expressed proteins between A2780 and A2780-DR cells, which involve in diverse cellular processes, including metabolic process, cellular component biogenesis, cellular processes and stress responses. Expression levels of Ras-related proteins Rab 5C and Rab 11B in A2780-DR cells were lower than those in A2780 cells as confirmed by real-time quantitative PCR and western blotting. The short hairpin (sh)RNA-mediated knockdown of Rab 5C in A2780 cells resulted in markedly increased resistance to cisplatin whereas overexpression of Rab 5C in A2780-DR cells increases sensitivity to cisplatin, demonstrating that Rab 5C-dependent endocytosis plays an important role in cisplatin resistance. Our results also showed that expressions of glycolytic enzymes PKM, GPI, Aldolase, LDH, and PGK were down-regulated in drug resistant cells, indicating drug resistance in ovarian cancer is directly associated with a decrease in glycolysis. Furthermore, it was found that glutathione reductase were up-regulated in A2780-DR, while vimentin, HSP90, and Annexin A1 and A2 were down-regulated. Taken together, our results suggest that drug resistance in ovarian cancer cell line A2780 is caused by multifactorial traits, including the down-regulation of Rab 5C-dependent endocytosis of cisplatin, glycolytic enzymes and vimentin, and up-regulation of antioxidant proteins, suggesting Rab 5C is a potential target for treatment of drug-resistant ovarian cancer. This constitutes a further step towards a comprehensive understanding of drug resistance in ovarian cancer.

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Transcriptome-wide mapping reveals an RNA-dependent mechanism of platinum cancer drugs [RNA-seq]

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