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Social Processing in the Amygdala: Single-Nucleus RNA-Sequencing Reveals Distinct Neuronal Responses to Dominant and Subordinate Cues

ABSTRACT: Single-nucleus RNA-sequencing (snRNA-seq) was performed on mouse amygdala tissue to examine transcriptional responses to social olfactory cues associated with dominant and subordinate individuals. nuclei were isolated from the amygdala and processed using the 10x Genomics 3’ platform. The resulting dataset includes cell-type annotations and differential expression profiles across conditions. These data support investigation of neuronal population structure and gene expression changes underlying social cue processing.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE310656 | GEO | 2026/02/18

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Social play is a frequently studied behavior and it is the most characteristic form of social interaction observed in adolescent rats. Social play is necessary for adolescents to develop proper cognitive, emotional, and social competency. Deficits in social play have been observed in several neurodegenerative disorders such as autism, schizophrenia, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. However, the information available on neural substrates and the mechanism involved in social play is still limited. This study characterized social play by proteomic and transcriptional profiling studies. Social play was performed on male Sprague Dawley rats on postnatal day 38 and protein and gene expression in the amygdala was determined following behavioral testing. The proteomic analysis led to the identification of 170 differentially expressed proteins (p≤0.05) with 67 upregulated and 103 downregulated proteins. The transcriptomic analysis led to the identification of 188 genes (adjusted p≤0.05) with 55 upregulated and 133 downregulated genes. Based on both protein and gene expression data, DAVID analysis revealed that social play altered neurotransmitter signaling including GABAergic and glutamatergic signaling and G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling. These data suggest that the synaptic levels of GABA and glutamate increased during play. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) confirmed these alterations. IPA also revealed that differentially expressed genes/proteins in our data had significant over representation of additional neurotransmitter signaling systems, including the opioid, serotonin, and dopamine systems, suggesting that play alters the systems involved in the regulation of reward. In addition, corticotropin-releasing hormone signaling was altered indicating that an increased level of stress occurs during play. Our data suggest that increased inhibitory GPCR signaling in these neurotransmitter pathways occurs following social play as a physiological response to regulate the induced level of reward and stress and to maintain the excitatory-inhibitory balance in the neurotransmitter systems.

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Social Processing in the Amygdala: Single-Nucleus RNA-Sequencing Reveals Distinct Neuronal Responses to Dominant and Subordinate Cues

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