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Single-nucleus RNA sequencing of the cells obtained from acupoint BL23 (Shenshu) in low back pain.

ABSTRACT: The cellular and molecular dynamics at human acupuncture points remain largely unexplored. To address this, we developed a novel acupuncture-needle technique capable of collecting sufficient numbers of cells from acupuncture points during treatment. Using this approach in combination with single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq), we identified heterogeneous cell populations at the acupoint BL23. This study enabled characterization of the cellular and transcriptional changes occurring before and after acupuncture treatment in patients with lower back pain (lumbar sprain), offering new insights into the mechanisms underlying acupuncture-induced pain relief.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE312510 | GEO | 2025/12/31

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Objective To investigate the mechanism of action of "Biaoben acupoint " acupuncture in treating Lumbar Disc Herniation (LDH) by identifying differentially expressed plasma proteins (DEPs) using timsTOF Pro-based 4D Data-Independent Acquisition (DIA) proteomics and correlating them with clinical indicators. Methods This study enrolled 10 healthy subjects (healthy group) and 10 patients with LDH (experimental group). The experimental group received "Biaoben acupoint" acupuncture treatment for 3 weeks. Clinical outcomes, including Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for pain, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) for lumbar function, and Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score for neurological status, were assessed before and after treatment. Plasma samples were collected for proteomic analysis. Results Acupuncture treatment significantly improved VAS, ODI, and JOA scores in the experimental group compared to baseline (p<0.001). Proteomic analysis quantified 3685 proteins, identifying 376 DEPs across the healthy group and the experimental group (before and after treatment). Bioinformatics analysis revealed that these DEPs were primarily enriched in pathways related to cell structure and adhesion (e.g., cytoskeleton remodeling, focal adhesion), inflammation and immune signaling (e.g., chemokine and cytokine signaling), and cell signal transduction (e.g., calcium signaling, Rap1 pathway). Core DEPs included ACTB, CXCR4, ACTN1, CXCL12, SELP, and CCN2. Correlation analysis demonstrated that the expression levels of CXCL12, ACTN1, CXCR4, and CCN2 were significantly correlated with VAS, ODI, and JOA scores. Conclusion "Biaoben acupoint" acupuncture likely exerts its therapeutic effects by modulating multiple biological pathways related to inflammatory/immune responses, cytoskeleton organization, cell structure/adhesion, and tissue repair, thereby improving pain, lumbar function, and neurological deficits in LDH patients. Proteins such as CXCL12, ACTN1, CXCR4, and CCN2 are potential key mediators of these therapeutic effects.

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Single-nucleus RNA sequencing of the cells obtained from acupoint BL23 (Shenshu) in low back pain.

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