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Alveolar Macrophages Undergo a Postnatal Transition from a Hyperphagocytic and Proinflammatory Profile to a Tolerogenic Profile

ABSTRACT: Alveolar Macrophages (AMs) are crucial for lung immunity and homeostasis. While the ontogeny of AMs is well characterized, their postnatal phenotypic and functional maturation remains unclear. Here, we developed a bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) protocol across key developmental stages and systematically analyzed age-dependent changes in AMs. AM numbers increased with age, acquiring a mature phenotype alongside alveolar maturation.BAL-recovered AMs decreased in size and increased in roundness from day 3 onward and revealed distinct gene expression profiles across different ages. Functionally, phagocytic capacity peaked in 3-day-old mice. Furthermore, AMs from all ages beyond day 1 showed lower basal inflammatory cytokine expression and an attenuated response to LPS, indicating a postnatal transition toward a tolerant phenotype. The transition from a hyper-phagocytic, pro_x0002_inflammatory neonatal profile to a tolerogenic adult phenotype underscores the intrinsic adaptation of AMs to the immunotolerant microenvironment of the mature lung. Our study provides a comprehensive kinetic profile of postnatal AM development.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE314207 | GEO | 2026/04/19

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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