Maternal-Fetal Immune Conflict in a Mouse Model of Neurodevelopmental Disorders.
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE315060 | GEO | 2026/03/13
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Maternal inflammation during gestation is associated with a later diagnosis of neurodevelopmental disorders including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the specific impact of maternal immune activation (MIA) on placental and fetal brain development remains insufficiently understood. This study aimed to investigate the effects of MIA by analyzing placental and brain tissues obtained from the offspring of pregnant dams exposed to polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (Poly I:C) on embryonic day 12.5. Cytokine and mRNA content in the placenta and brain tissues were assessed using multiplex cytokine assays and bulk-RNA sequencing on embryonic day 17.5. Bulk-RNA sequencing was performed on placenta and brain tissues on embryonic day 17.5.
2024-05-15 | GSE248222 | GEO
Project description:Activation of the maternal immune system during pregnancy can fetal development, which can lead to postnatal susceptibility to a wide range of diseases, including cardiovascular, metabolic and psychiatric disorders. During maternal immune activation (MIA), the maternal body must balance its ressources between mounting an immune response and investing resources into continued metabolism and growth : both essential for survival of the fetus and a successful pregnancy. How the placenta responds to MIA over time and how it can protect the fetus is not well understood, and neither are the fetal consequences of MIA. Here, we characterised the response to an induced acute inflammation in maternal lungs over time across maternal and fetal organs, using a combination of omics-methods, imaging and integrative computational analysis. We found that the placenta, unlike other maternal organs, did not react by inducing a typical inflammatory response, but instead initially induced genes associated to strengthen tissue integrity and simultaneously reduced growth to prevent exposure to potential infections. Afterwards, a return to homeostasis was observed, with heightened biosynthesis and expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress genes. This mechanism likely protects the fetus from inflammation, as we observed no immune response in the fetal liver transcriptome. Instead, we observed metabolic adaptations in the fetus, including a release of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) Notably, DHA has a crucial function for fetal brain development , and levels of triglyceride and phosphatidylcholine lipids that are necessary for transportation of DHA to the brain were also increased. This metabolic response is likely a combination of the placental MIA response and temporary maternal fasting, caused by MIA-induced fever and lack of nutrient intake. Our study shows, for the first time, the temporal and systemic response to MIA in lungs across maternal and fetal organs.
2024-06-13 | PXD039402 | Pride
Project description:Background: Around 80% of individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) such as schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders experience disruptions in sleep/circadian rhythms. We explored whether prenatal infection, an established risk factor for NDDs, and environmental circadian disruption synergistically induced sex-specific deficits in mice. Methods: A maternal immune activation (MIA) protocol was used by injecting pregnant mice with a viral mimic poly IC (9.5) or saline. Then, juvenile/adolescent offspring (3-7 weeks old) were subjected to either standard lighting (12:12LD) or constant light (LL). Results: We found interactions of the two factors on behaviors related to cognition, anxiety, and sociability. Notably, poly IC exposure led to a more activated profile of hippocampal microglia in males only, while LL diminished these effects. Using RNA sequencing in the dorsal hippocampus, we found that poly IC exposure led to several differentially expressed genes in males (but not females), and fewer differential expressed genes were observed after LL exposure in both sexes. Using the WGCNA analysis, we found that modules of co-expressed genes associated with LL were enriched for pathways involved in synaptic transmission and vesicle mediated transport. Not only were many of these genes related to sleep/circadian rhythms and NDDs in humans, but they were also related to neurotransmission, suggesting that LL exerts its effects by disrupting the expression of proteins required for efficient neurotransmitter release. Conclusions: Understanding the link between circadian disruption and MIA is crucial for NDD due to the widespread exposure to environmental circadian disruption in society and the high transmission of viral infections among pregnant individuals.
2025-03-24 | GSE255938 | GEO
Project description:Introduction: Maternal immune activation (MIA), characterized by increased circulating inflammatory mediators during pregnancy, is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes and neurodevelopmental deficits in offspring. These health outcomes often manifest differently depending on fetal-placental sex. A well-established model of MIA involves administration of a viral mimetic, polyinosinic:polycytidilic acid (PolyI:C), to pregnant rodents. Placental responses to PolyI:C contribute to the detrimental effects of MIA on offspring, but these responses have not yet been well characterized. In the present study, we profiled acute gene expression changes in male and female placentas following PolyI:C administration to pregnant rats. Methods: Pregnant rats received 4 mg/kg PolyI:C or saline intravenously on gestational day 18.5, and tissues were harvested 4-5 hours later. Gene expression profiling on placental tissue was performed. Enzyme immunoassays and immunohistochemistry were conducted to determine levels of select proteins in maternal blood and placental tissue, respectively. Results: Maternal PolyI:C exposure caused a robust increase in levels of inflammatory markers in maternal blood and placental tissue. There were more genes differentially expressed in female placentas after PolyI:C exposure (765) than male placentas (221), including reduced expression of genes associated with maternal-fetal communication. Placentas also had increased expression of genes linked with vascular dysfunction after PolyI:C-induced MIA. Discussion: PolyI:C elicited a powerful inflammatory response in the placenta along with vascular dysfunction, likely contributing to the adverse pregnancy outcomes triggered by MIA. Female placentas responded to PolyI:C more vigorously than male placentas, which could underlie the differential outcomes of MIA depending on sex.
2025-03-21 | GSE272437 | GEO
Project description:Pregnant dams at embryonic day 11.5 and 12.5 were injected i.p. with saline or polyI:C to induce activation of the maternal immune response. Placentas from each embryo were harvested at several time points relative to the E12.5 injection over the course of gestation to evaluate the placental transcriptome after MIA.
2021-11-30 | GSE149352 | GEO
Project description:Myostatin (gene symbol: <i>Mstn</i>) is an autocrine and paracrine inhibitor of muscle growth. Pregnant mice with genetically reduced levels of myostatin give birth to offspring with greater adult muscle mass and bone biomechanical strength. However, maternal myostatin is not detectable in fetal circulations. Fetal growth is dependent on the maternal environment, and the provisioning of nutrients and growth factors by the placenta. Thus, this study examined the effect of reduced maternal myostatin on maternal and fetal serum metabolomes, as well as the placental metabolome. Fetal and maternal serum metabolomes were highly distinct, which is consistent with the role of the placenta in creating a specific fetal nutrient environment. There was no effect from myostatin on maternal glucose tolerance or fasting insulin. In comparisons between pregnant control and <i>Mstn</i><sup>+/-</sup> mice, there were more significantly different metabolite concentrations in fetal serum, at 50, than in the mother's serum at 33, confirming the effect of maternal myostatin reduction on the fetal metabolic milieu. Polyamines, lysophospholipids, fatty acid oxidation, and vitamin C, in fetal serum, were all affected by maternal myostatin reduction.
2023-06-08 | MTBLS3345 | MetaboLights
Project description:Activation of the maternal immune system during pregnancy affects fetal development, which can increase in postnatal susceptibility to a range of diseases, including cardiovascular, metabolic and psychiatric disorders. During maternal immune activation (MIA), the maternal body must balance its ressources between mounting an immune response and investing resources into continued metabolism and growth, essentials for survival of the fetus and a successful pregnancy. How the placenta responds to MIA over time and how it can protect the fetus is not well understood, and neither are the fetal consequences of MIA. Here, we characterised the response to acute maternal lung inflammation across time in maternal and fetal organs, using a combination of omics, imaging and integrative computational analyses. We found that the placenta, unlike other maternal organs, did not react by a typical innate immune response, but instead induced genes associated with increased tissue integrity, likely to prevent fetal exposure to potential infections, and simultaneously reduced expression of growth-associated genes. Subsequently, a return to homeostasis was observed, with heightened expression of biosynthesis and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress genes. These responses likely protect the fetus from inflammation, as we observed no immune response in the fetal liver transcriptome. Instead, we observed metabolic adaptations in the fetus, including a release of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) carrying metabolites, including triglyceride and phosphatidylcholine. Notably, DHA is crucial for fetal brain development. This metabolic response is likely a combination of the placental MIA response and temporary maternal fasting, caused by MIA-induced fever and lack of nutrient intake. Our study shows, for the first time, the integrated temporal and systemic response to LPS in lungs across maternal and fetal organs
2024-02-01 | GSE224116 | GEO
Project description:Inhibition of GPER1 in pregnant mice significantly alters inflammation and angiogenesis in the placenta, but does not significantly impact the lung
2021-01-14 | GSE143431 | GEO
Project description:Cxcl14+/- mice were mated with Cxcl14+/- mice, the embryos of pregnant females were collected on E13.5. After genotyping, the maternal part and fetal part of Cxcl14-/- and Cxcl14+/+ placentas were dissect out to extract total RNA respectively (n = 3). Total RNA was extracted using PureYield™ RNA Midiprep System (Promega).The maternal part of placenta that contained mesometrial lymphoid aggregate of pregnancy (MLAp) and decidua basalis (DB); the fetal part ofplacenta consisted of spongiotrophoblast and labyrinthin layer.Microarray hybridization was performed using a Mouse NimbleGen cDNA Microarray Kit (Roche), at CapitalBio Co., Ltd.(Beijing,China). Primary data were scaned using NimbleGen MS200 (Roche), and then extracted using NimbleScan system (Roche). Cxcl14+/- mice were mated with Cxcl14+/- mice, the embryos of pregnant females were collected on E13.5. After genotyping, the maternal part and fetal part of Cxcl14-/- and Cxcl14+/+ placentas were dissect out to extract total RNA respectively (n = 3). Total RNA was extracted using PureYield™ RNA Midiprep System (Promega).The maternal part of placenta that contained mesometrial lymphoid aggregate of pregnancy (MLAp) and decidua basalis (DB); the fetal part ofplacenta consisted of spongiotrophoblast and labyrinthin layer.Microarray hybridization was performed using a Mouse NimbleGen cDNA Microarray Kit (Roche), at CapitalBio Co., Ltd.(Beijing,China). Primary data were scaned using NimbleGen MS200 (Roche), and then extracted using NimbleScan system (Roche).
2013-06-19 | E-GEOD-48095 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Background and purposeNeurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are characterized by abnormalities in brain development and neurobehaviors, including autism. The maternal-fetal interface (MFI) is a highly specialized tissue through which maternal factors affect fetal brain development. However, limited research exists on restoring and maintaining MFI homeostasis and its potential impact on NDDs. This study explores the role of placental indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO-1) in MFI homeostasis and fetal brain development.Experimental approachThe maternal-fetal barrier was disrupted by sodium valproate (VPA) in pregnant mice, whose offspring show typical autism-like behaviors. Ultrastructural analysis and flow cytometric analysis were conducted to observe the morphological and immune system changes. Behavioral tests and immunofluorescence staining was used to investigate the ability and mechanism of taprenepag to alleviate the abnormal behaviors of VPA-exposed offspring and normalize the development of serotonergic neurons.Key resultsIn VPA-exposed pregnant mice, the downregulation of IDO-1 led to maternal immune overactivation and disruption of maternal-fetal barrier, resulting in excessive 5-HT synthesis in the placenta. This process disrupted the development of the serotonergic neuronal system in the offspring, resulting in impaired development of serotonergic neurons, thalamocortical axons, and NDDs in the progeny. However, a single injection of taprenepag at E13.5 ultimately upregulated placental IDO-1 through amplifying the positive feedback loop COX-2/PGE2/PTGER-2/IDO-1 and abolished these alterations.ConclusionTaprenepag improved autism-like behaviors in the offspring of VPA-exposed mice by addressing placental IDO-1 downregulation. This study highlights the potential of targeting IDO-1 to mitigate MFI disruption and NDD development.
| S-EPMC11603931 | biostudies-literature