Effects of maternal early gestational weight gain on skeletal muscle gene expression profile in F1 and F2 beef cattle offspring
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Bos taurus
PROVIDER: GSE315783 | GEO | 2026/02/04
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Adult female Wistar rats (about 220g) obtained from a breeding colony were mated and fed either a protein sufficient (PS) or protein restricted (PR) diet (n = 6 per dietary group) during F0 pregnancy which provided an increase in energy of approximately 25% compared to the diet fed to the breeding colony (2018S). During lactation dams were fed AIN93G and litters were standardisied to 8 offspring within 24 hours of birth with a bias towards females. Offpsring were weaned onto AIN93M at postnatal day 28 and F1 and F2 females were mated on postnatal day 70 (n = 6 per F0 dietary group). F1 and F2 dams were fed the PS diet during pregnancy and AIN93G during lactation. Offspring were weaned onto AIN93M. On postnatal day 70 unmated female offspring were fasted for 12 hours then sacrificed for hepatic transcritpome analysis by microarray. Expression of 1,684 genes differed by at least 2 fold between adult female F1 offspring of F0 dams from both dietary groups. 1680 genes were altered in F2 offspring and 2,065 genes altered in F3 offspring. Expression of 113 genes was altered in all three generations. Of these, 47% showed directionally opposite differences between generations. Gene ontology analysis revealed clear differences in the pathways altered in each generation. F1 and F2 offspring of F0 dams fed a PR diet showed impaired fasting glucose homeostasis. Hepatic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) expression was elevated in F1 and F2 offspring from F0 PR dams, but decreased in F3, compared to PS offspring
2011-06-01 | E-MEXP-3205 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Obesogens such as tributyltin (TBT) are xenobiotic compounds that promote obesity, in part by distorting the normal balance of lipid metabolism. The obesogenic effects of TBT can be observed in directly exposed (F1 and F2 generations) and also subsequent generations (F3 and beyond) that were never exposed. To address the effects of TBT exposure on germ cells, we exposed pregnant transgenic OG2 mouse dams (F0), which specifically express EGFP in germline cells, to an environmentally relevant dose of TBT throughout gestation through drinking water. When fed with a high fat diet (HFD), F3 male offspring of TBT-exposed F0 dams (TBT-F3) accumulated much more body fat than did Control-F3 males. TBT-F3 males also lost more body fluid and lean compositions than did Control-F3 males. Expression of genes involved in transcriptional regulation or mesenchymal differ-entiation was upregulated in somatic cells of TBT-F1 (but not TBT-F3) E18.5 fetal testes, and promoter-associated CpG islands were hyper-methylated in TBT-F1 somatic cells. Global mRNA expression of protein-coding genes in F1 or F3 fetal testicular cells was unaffected by F0 exposure to TBT; however, expression of a subset of endogenous retroviruses was significantly affected in F1 and F3. We infer that TBT may directly target testicular somatic cells in F1 testes to irreversibly affect epigenetic suppression of endogenous retroviruses in both germline and somatic cells.
2022-03-02 | GSE191199 | GEO
Project description:We investigated the nutritional effects on gene expression in a three generation Large White pig feeding experiment. A group of experimental (E) F0 boars were fed a standard diet supplemented with high amounts of methylating micronutrients whereas a control (C) group of F0 boars received a standard diet. These differentially fed F0 boars sired F1 boars which then sired 60 F2 pigs. Gene expression profiles showed significant twofold differences in mRNA level between 8 C F2 offspring and 8 E F2 offspring for 79, 64 and 53 probes for muscle, liver and kidney RNA, respectively. We found that in liver and muscle respective pathways of lipid metabolism and metabolic pathway were over-represented for the differentially expressed genes. Gene expression in three tissue types of F2 offspring from differentially fed F0 boars were measured. F0 boars received either a standard diet or a standard diet supplemented with methylating micronutrients. These boars produced the F1 males that received exclusively the standard diet. The F2 generation was then produced with these F1 boars. Gene expression was measured in liver, skeletal muscle and kidney of 8 F2 pigs derived from F0 boars that received the standard diet and of 8 F2 pigs derived from those F0 boars that received the standard diet supplemented with methylating micronutrients.
2011-09-28 | E-GEOD-32412 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The study was conducted to identify differentially expressed genes in 1) whole flies that were fed a high sugar diet (HSD), in comparison to flies treated with control diet (CD), and 2) HSD male line derived F1 and F2 progenies, compared to that derived through CD male line. The ancestral HSD exposure of F1 or F2 flies was thus limited only to F0 males. However, besides comparing F1 and F2 flies raised on CD, the F1 and F2 flies treated with HSD were also compared. F0 HSD females were profiled but not used for the mating purpose.
2019-03-27 | GSE119927 | GEO
Project description:Transcriptome analysis of gastrocnemius muscle RNA samples from exercise and sedentary ancestries Early life and pre-conception environmental stimuli can affect adult health-related phenotypes. Exercise training is an environmental stimulus affecting many systems throughout the body and appears to alter offspring phenotypes. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of parental exercise training, or M-bM-^@M-^\exercise ancestry,M-bM-^@M-^] on morphological and metabolic phenotypes in multiple generations of mouse offspring. F0 C57BL/6 mice were exposed to voluntary exercise or sedentary lifestyle and bred with like-exposed mates to produce an F1 generation. F1 mice of both ancestries were sedentary and sacrificed at 8 wk or bred with littermates to produce an F2 generation, which was also sedentary and sacrificed at 8 wk. Small, but broad generation- and sex-specific effects of exercise ancestry were observed for body mass, fat and muscle mass, serum insulin, glucose tolerance, and muscle gene expression. F1 EX females were heavier than F1 SED females, but F1 SED females had higher absolute tibialis anterior and omental fat masses. Serum insulin was lower in F1 SED females compared to F1 EX females. F2 EX females had impaired glucose tolerance compared to F2 SED females. Analysis of skeletal muscle mRNA levels revealed several generation- and sex-specific differences in mRNA levels for multiple genes, especially those related to metabolic genes (e.g., F1 EX males had lower mRNA levels of Hk2, Ppard, Ppargc1M-NM-1, Adipoq, and Scd1 than F1 SED males). These results provide preliminary evidence that parental exercise training can influence health-related phenotypes in mouse offspring. We analyzed RNA from 10 males each from exercise and sedentary ancestries over 2 generations of offspring (F1 and F2)
2012-08-30 | E-GEOD-40469 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:In the present study, zebrafish were exposed to permethrin during early-life, and F1 and F2 generations were bred unexposed. Permethrin exposed F0 fish showed a hypoactive phenotype at adulthood, whereas males from the F1 and F2 generations showed a decrease in anxiety-like behavior. Thus, we performed transcriptomic changes to identify underlying molecular mechanisms. They showed limited overlap between sex and generations. In F0, genes and pathways related to glutamatergic synapse activity (Gene Ontology and Reactome databases) were significantly enriched and may explain the behavioral effects. In F1 and F2 generations, mechanisms are less clear as limited changes which could correlate with behavior were observed in the F1 generation.
2021-07-01 | GSE154020 | GEO
Project description:PURPOSE: To examine if a parental high fat diet (HFD) influences metabolic health in two generations of offspring, and alters the germ cell (GC) transcriptome. PROCEDURE: GC-eGFP Sprague Dawley rats were weaned onto HFD (45% fat) or Control Diet (CD; 10% fat). After metabolic testing, founders (F0) were bred with controls, establishing the F1 generation. Germ cells from F0 males were isolated and their RNA sequenced. F1 rats were bred with control rats at 17 weeks to generate F2 offspring. FINDINGS: HFD resulted in 9.7% and 14.7% increased weight in male and female F0 respectively. F1 offspring of HFD mothers were heavier than controls. F1 daughters of HFD-fed males were also heavier. F2 male offspring derived from HFD-fed maternal grandfathers were 7.2% heavier, and exhibited increases of 31% in adiposity, 97% in plasma leptin and 300% in luteinising hormone to testosterone ratio. HFD exposure did not alter the F0 GC transcriptome. CONTROLS: Matched CD was consumed by all animals not consuming the HFD. Animals were compared to a parallel cohort of CD rats. CONCLUSIONS: HFD consumption by maternal grandfathers results in a disrupted metabolic phenotype in grandsons. This effect is not mediated by alterations to the GC transcriptome.
2016-08-17 | GSE80721 | GEO
Project description:This study aims to investigate the molecular mechanisms and nature of impaired soma-germline crosstalk in IEI by focusing on the miRNA regulations in soma and sperm of obese male mice. We found that F0 HFD deteriorated glucose metabolism in F0 and F1, whereas F0 weight loss largely corrected glucose metabolism in both generations. F0 and F1 mice from HFD and REV group exhibited eWAT hypertrophy, and increased Leptin and insulin levels. Transcriptomics and proteomics revealed metabolic dysfunction in F0 and F1 eWAT which correlated with dysregulation of mitochondrial genes. Notably, miRNA Let-7 was obesity-induced in eWAT and sperm, and mice sired from Let-7d/e-microinjected embryos showed impaired glucose metabolism, suggesting Let-7 participated in IEI of metabolic disorders. Our data demonstrated that paternal obesity-induced pre-diabetes and mitochondrial dysfunction in eWAT correlated with similar observations in offspring and the phenomena could be partially precluded by paternal weight-loss before conception.
2026-01-06 | PXD042800 | Pride
Project description:Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), is implicated in many developmental and behavioral adverse outcomes in offspring of exposed parents. Following a dietary preconceptional exposure to BaP in zebrafish, the objective of this study was to compare parental sex-dependent adverse outcomes in F1 and F2 offspring with the transcriptomic and epigenetic changes in eggs, sperm, and 10-hour post fertilization (hpf) embryos. Adult wild-type (5D) zebrafish were fed 708 µg BaP/g diet (measured) at a rate of 1% body weight twice/day (14 µg BaP/g fish/day) for 21 days. Fish were spawned using a crossover design and parental (F0) behavior and reproductive indexes measured. In offspring behavioral effects were measured at 96 hours post fertilization (hpf) in F1 & F2 larvae, and again when F1s were adult. Compared to controls, there was no significant effect of BaP exposure on adult behavior in F0, but locomotor behavior was significantly increased in F1 adults of both sexes. Larval behavior (96 hpf, photomotor response assay) was significantly altered in both the F1 and F2 generations following parental BaP exposure. To assess parental sex-dependent molecular mechanisms, BaP-mediated differential gene expression and DNA methylation changes were measured using RNAseq and RRBS, respectively, on F0 sperm and eggs and the 10 hpf embryos from all four crosses in F1 generation. Embryos resulting from the BaP male and control female cross had the most differentially methylated regions (DMRs) and differentially expressed genes. Some DMRs were associated with genes encoding chromatin modifying enzymes suggesting regulation of chromatin conformation by DNA methylation. Parental dietary BaP exposure caused persistent behavioral changes wherein the male germline contributed most significantly to the multigenerational adverse outcomes.
2022-05-26 | GSE203631 | GEO
Project description:Overnutrition increases comorbidities such as gestational diabetes during pregnancy that can have detrimental consequences for both parent and progeny. We previously reported that high fat (HF) diet and late-gestation diabetes (DM) incite mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and cardiometabolic disease in first generation (F1) rat offspring, partially through epigenomic and transcriptomic programming. Oogonia, which become the second generation (F2), are also exposed which could incite generational risk. This study aimed to determine whether the F2 transcriptome already has genomic variation at the preimplantation embryo stage, and whether variations normalize, persist or compound in the third generation (F3). F0 female rats were fed a control or HF diet, then DM was induced in HF-fed dams on embryonic day (E) 14 exposing F1 offspring and F2 gametogonia to hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia and fetal hyperinsulinemia during the last third of pregnancy. F1 pups were reared by healthy dams and bred to produce F2 embryos (F2e) and F2 pups. F2 offspring were bred to produce F3 embryos (F3e). Embryos were assessed by a novel grading method, live cell imaging, and single-cell RNA sequencing. Embryo grades were not different, but HF+DM F2e had more cells while F3e had fewer cells and overall fewer embryos. HF+DM F2e had similar mitochondria quantity but a down regulation of genes involved in lipid metabolism and more oxidative stress, consistent with mitochondrial dysfunction. They also had an upregulation of chromatin remodeling genes. The predicted developmental effect is accelerated embryo ageing and epigenetic drift. In contrast, HF+DM F3e had an adaptive stress response leading to increased mitochondria quantity and an up regulation of genes involved in mitochondrial respiration, metabolism, and genomic repair that led to a predicted developmental effect of delayed embryo maturation. Although pathways vary, both generations have metabolically linked differentially expressed genes that influence cell fate and developmental pathways. In conclusion, HF+DM pregnancy can program the early embryonic transcriptome for three generations, despite an intergenerational healthy diet.
2025-09-03 | GSE298842 | GEO