Gene expression analysis of TGFβ1-stimulated fibroblasts to assess anti-fibrotic effects of the bisubstrate-like NNMT inhibitor II559
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE317322 | GEO | 2026/01/22
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Gene expression analysis of TGFβ1-stimulated fibroblasts to assess anti-fibrotic effects of the bisubstrate-like NNMT inhibitor II559
| PRJNA1406736 | ENA
Project description:Renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) are increasingly recognized as the central locus of chronic kidney disease and renal fibrosis. Here, we used conditionally immortalized TECs (expressing SV40 large T antigen at permissive conditions, 33°C with IFNγ, and behaving like normal primary cultures after 7 days in restrictive conditions, 37°C without IFNγ) and genetically overexpressed Nnmt (Nnmt-OE) by means of lentiviral transduction of a mock or Nnmt expression construct. In the TGFβ model mimicking the senescent and pro-fibrotic changes in TECs, Nnmt overexpression resulted in an aggravated phenotype.
2025-11-20 | GSE280552 | GEO
Project description:Fibrosis is an uncontrolled wound healing process resulting from tissue injury, inflammation and fibroblast activation, finally leading to accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) components in tissues and to organ failure. The underlying mechanisms of fibrosis have been intensely studied and it has become clear that multiple pathways and their crosstalk regulate fibrotic diseases with a few central players, including TGFβ1. Recently, YAP and TAZ were implicated in fibrosis as one of the essential components of its pathogenesis. YAP/TAZ are known to crosstalk with the TGFβ pathway in the nucleus and regulate its activity on transcriptional level by binding to Smad2/3/4 complexes. We hypothesized that factors, such as GPCR ligands which regulate YAP/TAZ, might modulate the profibrotic responses to TGFβ1. We performed gene expression microarray in NHDF treated with TGFβ1, LPA, the combination of TGFβ1/LPA or vehicle. The aim was to have a broader look at transcriptional signatures induced by the individual treatments and in the combination of TGFβ1 and LPA.
2020-01-27 | GSE125519 | GEO
Project description:Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive interstitial lung disease characterized by excessive fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition (FMT) and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, largely driven by transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGFβ1). Existing therapies offer limited efficacy, particularly in advanced disease. Circadian rhythms have recently emerged as key modulators of lung inflammation and fibrosis. In this study, we developed an in vitro model of chronic fibrotic signaling using adenovirus-mediated TGFβ1 overexpression (Ad-TGFβ1) or human recombinant protein TGFβ1 in primary human lung fibroblasts. Using this model, we investigated the antifibrotic potential of STL1267, a next-generation Rev-erbα agonist with improved potency, specificity, and pharmacokinetic properties. RNA sequencing and pathway analysis revealed that STL1267 significantly reversed Ad-TGFβ1-induced expression of genes associated with ECM remodeling, collagen biosynthesis, and immune suppression. STL1267 also upregulated pathways related to IL-10, IL-4, and IL-13 signaling, which are known to counteract fibrotic responses. Quantitative PCR and immunoblotting confirmed STL1267's ability to downregulate key pro-fibrotic markers, including COL1A1, αSMA, FN1, and FAP, at both gene and protein levels. Comparative studies with other Rev-erbα agonists (GSK4112, SR9009), Saracatinib, and FDA-approved antifibrotic drugs (Pirfenidone, Nintedanib) demonstrated superior efficacy of STL1267 in inhibiting both preventive and post-fibrotic induction models. Moreover, lentiviral overexpression of Rev-erbα suppressed TGFβ1-induced αSMA expression, supporting a direct antifibrotic role. These findings highlight Rev-erbα as a key regulator of myofibroblast differentiation and support both STL1267 and GSK4112 as promising candidates for circadian-based antifibrotic therapy. Future in vivo studies are warranted to evaluate its translational potential in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
2026-01-20 | GSE293962 | GEO
Project description:Pulmonary fibrosis develops as a consequence of environmentally induced lung injury and/or an inherent disease susceptibility causing fibroblast activation, proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition. The study was undertaken to characterise global gene expression in pulmonary fibroblasts to better understand the mechanisms underlying the fibrotic fibroblast phenotype. Gene expression was evaluated in lung fibroblasts derived from ten controls (normal periphery of resected tumor), open lung biopsies from eight patients with interstitial lung disease associated with systemic sclerosis (fibrotic non specific interstitial pneumonia pattern on biopsy), and from three patients with usual interstitial pneumonia. Lung fibroblasts were grown to confluence in DMEM with 10% fetal calf serum. At confluence, lung fibroblasts were serum-deprived for 44 hours in the presence of fibroblast growth medium with the addition of 0.1% bovine serum albumin (Sigma).
2013-08-05 | E-GEOD-40839 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:High-grade serous carcinoma has a poor prognosis, owing primarily to its early dissemination throughout the abdominal cavity. Genomic and proteomic approaches have provided snapshots of the proteogenomics of ovarian cancer, but a systematic examination of both the tumour and stromal compartments is critical in understanding ovarian cancer metastasis. We developed a label- free proteomic workflow to analyse as few as 5,000 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded cells microdissected from each compartment. The tumour proteome was stable during progression from in situ lesions to metastatic disease; however, the metastasis-associated stroma was characterized by a highly conserved proteomic signature, prominently including the methyltransferase nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) and several of the proteins that it regulates. Stromal NNMT expression was necessary and sufficient for functional aspects of the cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) phenotype, including the expression of CAF markers and the secretion of cytokines and oncogenic extracellular matrix. Stromal NNMT expression supported ovarian cancer migration, proliferation and in vivo growth and metastasis. Expression of NNMT in CAFs led to depletion of S-adenosyl methionine and reduction in histone methylation associated with widespread gene- expression changes in the tumour stroma. This work supports the use of ultra-low-input proteomics to identify candidate drivers of disease phenotypes. NNMT is a central, metabolic regulator of CAF differentiation and cancer progression in the stroma that may be therapeutically targeted.
2019-04-18 | PXD006396 | Pride
Project description:Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic devastating disease of unknown etiology. No therapy is currently available. A growing body of evidence supports the role of TGFβ1 as the major player in the pathogenesis of the disease. This study designed novel human- and mouse-specific siRNAs and siRNA/DNA chimeras targeting both human and mouse common sequences and evaluated their inhibitory activity in pulmonary fibrosis induced by bleomycin and lung-specific transgenic expression of human TGFβ1. Selective novel sequences of siRNA and siRNA/DNA chimeras efficiently inhibited pulmonary fibrosis, indicating their applicability as tools for treating fibrotic disease in humans. Total RNA was extracted from lung tissue from mice with bleomycin (BLM)-induced lung fibrosis treated with mouse TGFβ1 siRNAs or vehicle on different days after BLM infusion.
2011-11-22 | E-GEOD-28122 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play a pivotal cancer-supportive role, yet CAF-targeted therapies remain elusive. Through spatial transcriptomics and single-cell RNA sequencing, we investigated the role of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). Mechanistically, NNMT-induced H3K27me3 hypomethylation drives complement secretion from CAFs, attracting immunosuppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) to the tumor. NNMT knockout in immunocompetent mice impaired tumor growth in syngeneic ovarian, breast, and colon tumor models through enhanced CD8+ T cell activation. Using high-throughput screening, we developed a potent and specific NNMT inhibitor that reduces tumor burden and metastasis in multiple murine cancer models and restores immune checkpoint blockade efficacy by decreasing CAF-mediated MDSC recruitment and reinvigorating CD8⁺ T cell activation. Our findings establish NNMT as a central CAF regulator and promising therapeutic target to mitigate immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment.
2025-05-09 | GSE295028 | GEO
Project description:To investigate TGFβ1 (a key member of the TGFβ superfamily) signaling in non-cancerous and cancerous cells derived from breast epithelium and what further response it might generate, we treated the cells with TGFβ1 or with conditioned media. We selected MCF10A non-tumorigenic breast epithelial cells (isolated from the mammary gland with fibrocystic disease) and MCF7 breast adenocarcinoma cells (estrogen receptor-positive, ER+). We followed a regimen of treating the cells for six consecutive days, with daily administration of TGFβ1 for two hours. The TGFβ1-containing medium was changed to a fresh one, which was collected after another 22 hours (so-called conditioned medium, CM) and administered to other cells. This enabled us to assess the ability of extracellularly secreted molecules to further induce a cellular response (bystander effect). RNA-seq analyses were performed on cells either directly treated with TGFβ1 in the above scheme or treated with a conditioned media for 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 days. The experiment was performed in three biological replicates, and each sample was sequenced separately. RNA-seg analysis in both cell lines allowed us to find the differences and similarities in response to TGFβ1 and CM. All 84 libraries were sequenced on Illumina NovaSeq6000 platform, in 2x150 mode, with a coverage of 60M reads/sample.
2024-12-01 | E-MTAB-13865 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:High grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) arising from either the fallopian tube or ovary has a poor prognosis primarily due to its early dissemination throughout the abdominal cavity. Genomic and proteomic approaches have provided snapshots of the proteogenomics of ovarian cancer (OvCa)1,2, but a systematic examination of both the tumor and stromal compartments is critical to understanding OvCa metastasis. We developed a label-free proteomic workflow to analyze as few as 5,000 formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded cells microdissected from each compartment. The tumor proteome was comparatively stable during progression from in situ lesions to metastatic disease; however, the metastasis-associated stroma was characterized by a highly conserved proteomic signature, prominently including the methyltransferase nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) and the proteins it regulates. Stromal NNMT expression was necessary and sufficient for several functional aspects of the cancer associated fibroblast (CAF) phenotype, including the expression of CAF markers and the secretion of cytokines and oncogenic extracellular matrix. Stromal NNMT supported OvCa migration, proliferation, and in vivo growth and metastasis. Expression of NNMT in CAFs led to a depletion of S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) and a reduction in histone methylation associated with extensive gene expression changes in the tumor stroma. This work supports the use of ultra-low input proteomics to identify candidate drivers of disease phenotypes and reveals that NNMT is a central, metabolic regulator of CAF differentiation and cancer progression in the stroma and a novel treatment target.
2019-05-01 | GSE124014 | GEO