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Short-Term Abstinence Reveals Hematological, Biochemical, and Gene–Protein Profile Changes in Methamphetamine and Ice Users

ABSTRACT: Addictive substances are a critical public health problem in Thailand and worldwide. Methamphetamine and ice (MI) are frequently used to enhance alertness and prolong working hours by directly affecting the central nervous system and other organs. This study aimed to identify biomarkers for current MI users (MIB) and individuals after 20 days of abstinence (MIA) Compared with healthy controls, MI use increased red blood cell (RBC) and platelet (PLT) counts, did not affect total white blood cell (WBC) numbers, but increased the proportion of neutrophils while decreasing lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils. Short-term MI abstinence did not substantially alter hematological or biochemical parameters, except for an increase in alanine aminotransferase (ALT). MIB showed impaired neutrophil phagocytosis and reduced bactericidal activity via the respiratory burst. In MIA, respiratory burst activity was partially restored but remained lower than in healthy controls. Transcriptomic analysis identified CEACAM4, IFIT2, KCNJ2, FRAT2, and RNF139 as a candidate mRNA biomarker panel for MIA. Serum proteomic analysis revealed distinct protein profiles between methamphetamine-only users and MI users, indicating differential systemic effects between these groups. In conclusion, MI impairs hematological parameters and neutrophil function. Both mRNA and protein biomarkers may be useful for monitoring abstinence status during rehabilitation.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE317453 | GEO | 2026/03/31

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Background: Sustained sleep insufficiency impairs immune system and increases the adverse outcomes of cardiovascular diseases. However, the role and mechanisms prolonged sleep fragmentation (SF) on the outcomes of myocardial infarction (MI) remains elusive. Methods: Among 497 MI patients with complete sleep data participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, the association between different types of sleep disorders and post-MI survivability was evaluated. We then developed a mouse model with 10 weeks of SF followed by MI surgery. Emergency hematopoiesis and neutrophil expansion were analyzed. Potential mechanisms were explored using bone marrow (BM) transplantation, anti-SiglecF neutralizing antibodies and Interferon alpha and beta receptor subunit 1 knockout (Ifnar1-/-) in BM. Results: Frequent nocturnal awakening independently predicted reduced survival rate of MI patients, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 2.136 (95% CI=1.142-3.995). Increased infarct size, deteriorated cardiac function and lower survival rate were also observed in MI mice pretreated with 10-week SF. SF facilitated post-MI neutrophil expansion and infiltration into infarct area, differentiating into SiglecFhi subset. Inhibition of SiglecFhi neutrophils allowed for the alleviations of post-MI cardiac remodeling. Furthermore, BM progenitors were skewed toward neutrophil lineage concomitant with the clonal expansion of granulocyte-monocyte progenitors (GMPs) in MI mice pretreated with 10-week SF. Transcriptome analysis and functional experiments revealed that activation of type I interferon (IFN) signaling was involved in this process, while depletion of Ifnar1 in BM and administration of IFNAR1-neutralizing antibodies significantly alleviated post-MI cardiac remodeling and neutrophil expansion. Conclusions: SF aggravates post-MI cardiac remodeling and dysfunction through promoting GMP differentiation and neutrophil expansion. Blockage of type I IFN could alleviate this detrimental influence.

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Short-Term Abstinence Reveals Hematological, Biochemical, and Gene–Protein Profile Changes in Methamphetamine and Ice Users

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