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Effects of ACTH and Dexamethasone on the Transcriptomic Profile of the Rat Adrenal Gland: An In Vivo Study

ABSTRACT: The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis plays a pivotal role in regulating stress responses through ACTH-stimulated glucocorticoid production. Adult male Wistar rats were subjected to acute ACTH stimulation (single injection, 1 h), prolonged ACTH exposure (three injections over 36 h), or Dexamethasone treatment (three injections over 36 h). Plasma corticosterone levels were measured using ELISA. Adrenal transcriptome profiling was performed using Affymetrix Rat Gene 1.1 ST Arrays. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs; |fold change| >= 1.8, adjusted p < 0.05) were analyzed using limma, followed by pathway and network analyses. Acute ACTH exposure resulted in induction of 569 DEGs (357 upregulated), including immediate-early genes (Nr4a family, AP-1 factors), cAMP-PKA-CREB signalling components, and heat shock proteins. Prolonged ACTH resulted in 98 DEGs (predominantly downregulated), including suppression of mitochondrial genes and upregulation of Polycomb repressive complex 2 components. Dexamethasone treatment yielded 75 DEGs with selective suppression of SREBP-mediated cholesterol biosynthesis and uptake pathways.

ORGANISM(S): Rattus norvegicus

PROVIDER: GSE317604 | GEO | 2026/01/29

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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