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ST36 acupoint implantation of an astragaloside IV–glycyrrhizic acid drug eluting suture enhances immune function in weaned lambs by modulating the Treg/Th17 balance

ABSTRACT: Weaning is a critical period in young animals and is often accompanied by immunosuppression and intestinal immune imbalance caused by stress and nutritional transition. In this study, an astragaloside IV- and glycyrrhizic acid-loaded drug-eluting suture system (A.G.-ES) was developed to improve the stability and practicality of immune-enhancing intervention, and its immunomodulatory effects after implantation at the Zusanli acupoints (ST36) were evaluated in both cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mice and weaned lambs. In mice, colon histology, flow cytometry of gut-associated lymphoid tissues, proteomics, and qPCR were used to investigate the underlying mechanisms. In lambs, complete blood counts, immunoglobulin levels, and single-cell transcriptomic profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells were assessed. The results showed that A.G.-ES alleviated colonic mucus layer injury, increased goblet cell numbers and mucus secretion, and promoted restoration of the Treg/Th17 balance in immunosuppressed mice. Proteomic analysis further showed that A.G.-ES regulated key molecules related to intestinal mucosal barrier function and immune regulation. In weaned lambs, A.G.-ES increased WBC, LYM, RBC, HCT, HGB, IgM, and IgG levels and reshaped PBMC immune cell composition with enhanced T cell-related immune pathway activity. These findings indicate that ST36 implantation of A.G.-ES may improve immune function during weaning and has potential for veterinary application.

ORGANISM(S): Ovis aries

PROVIDER: GSE324243 | GEO | 2026/03/13

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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ST36 acupoint implantation of an astragaloside IV–glycyrrhizic acid drug eluting suture enhances immune function in weaned lambs by modulating the Treg/Th17 balance

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