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Multicilin promotes centriole assembly and ciliogenesis during multiciliate cell differentiation.

ABSTRACT: Analysis of epithelial explants injected with the intracellular domain of Notch (ICD) alone, to block the formation of multiciliate cells, or with Dexamethasone inducible Multicilin (MCI-HGR) to induce the formation of ectopic multiciliate cells. MCI-HGR plus ICD injected samples were compared to ICD alone to identify candidate genes whose expression changes when MCI is active. Epithelial cells projecting hundreds of motile cilia are prominent in the respiratory system, brain ependyma and female reproductive tract where they generate a vigorous fluid flow along luminal surfaces. Despite their importance for organ function, how multiciliate cells arise developmentally in diverse epithelia is poorly understood. We identified a novel coiled-coil protein, we have termed multicilin (MCI), whose expression is Notch regulated and restricted to epithelia where multiciliate cells form in Xenopus embryos. In order to identify early downstream targets of multicilin we blocked the formation of endogenous multiciliate cells by injecting ICD mRNA. In a subset of samples we then misexpressed a dexamethasone inducible form of MCI (MCI-HGR) to identify specific targets of MCI in explants of Xenopus epithelium. In explants expressing MCI-HGR genes specifically expressed in ciliated cells such as FoxJ1 and alpha-tubulin were highly upregulated along with various genes known to be required for ciliogenesis, and a large number of genes likely to be part of the ciliome based on homology of potential structural motifs.

ORGANISM(S): Xenopus laevis

PROVIDER: GSE32452 | GEO | 2012/03/01

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA147733

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Multicilin promotes centriole assembly and ciliogenesis during multiciliate cell differentiation.

Project description:Analysis of epithelial explants injected with the intracellular domain of Notch (ICD) alone, to block the formation of multiciliate cells, or with Dexamethasone inducible Multicilin (MCI-HGR) to induce the formation of ectopic multiciliate cells. MCI-HGR plus ICD injected samples were compared to ICD alone to identify candidate genes whose expression changes when MCI is active. Epithelial cells projecting hundreds of motile cilia are prominent in the respiratory system, brain ependyma and female reproductive tract where they generate a vigorous fluid flow along luminal surfaces. Despite their importance for organ function, how multiciliate cells arise developmentally in diverse epithelia is poorly understood. We identified a novel coiled-coil protein, we have termed multicilin (MCI), whose expression is Notch regulated and restricted to epithelia where multiciliate cells form in Xenopus embryos. In order to identify early downstream targets of multicilin we blocked the formation of endogenous multiciliate cells by injecting ICD mRNA. In a subset of samples we then misexpressed a dexamethasone inducible form of MCI (MCI-HGR) to identify specific targets of MCI in explants of Xenopus epithelium. In explants expressing MCI-HGR genes specifically expressed in ciliated cells such as FoxJ1 and alpha-tubulin were highly upregulated along with various genes known to be required for ciliogenesis, and a large number of genes likely to be part of the ciliome based on homology of potential structural motifs. 2-cell stage Xenopus embryos were injected with synthetic mRNA encoding ICD or ICD along with MCI-HGR. At stage 9/10 the presumptive ectoderm was cut off the embryo and cultured on a fibronectin coated coverslip. At stage 11.5 dexamethasone was added to all conditions to induce MCI. Explants were harvested 5 hours after adding dexamethasone (approximately stage14) and used as the starting material for arrays.

2012-03-01 | E-GEOD-32452 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Early downstream targets of Notch signaling which contribute to multiciliate cell fate

Project description:Analysis of epithelial explants injected with the intracellular domain of Notch (ICD) to block the formation of multi-ciliate and proton secreting cells or with dominant negative human Mastermind (HMM) or a DNA binding mutant of Mastermind (DBM) to induce the formation of ectopic multi-ciliate and proton secreting cells. Results show which genes are up or down-regulated when DBM/HMM are compared to ICD. Epithelial cells projecting hundreds of motile cilia are prominent in the respiratory system, brain ependyma and female reproductive tract where they generate a vigorous fluid flow along luminal surfaces. Despite their importance for organ function, how multiciliate cells arise developmentally in diverse epithelia is poorly understood. Notch signaling has been shown in a variety of tissues, including the Xenopus epithelium, to regulate the formation of multiciliate cell precursors. In order to identify early downstream targets of Notch signaling which contribute to multiciliate cell fate we blocked or activated Notch signaling in explants of Xenopus epithelium and looked at changes in gene expression to identify candidates that regulate multiciliate cell fate. Here we identify a novel coiled-coil protein, called multicilin (MCI), whose expression is Notch-regulated and restricted to epithelia where multiciliate cells forms in Xenopus embryos. Inhibiting MCI activity blocks the formation of multiciliate cell precursors while ectopic MCI activity is sufficient to induce multiciliate cell differentiation within epithelial progenitors. 2-cell stage Xenopus embryos were injected with synthetic mRNA encoding ICD, DBM or HMM. At stage 9/10 the presumptive ectoderm was cut off the embryo and cultured on a fibronectin coated coverslip. At stage 12 RNA was harvested from explants and used as the starting material for arrays.

2012-03-01 | E-GEOD-32331 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Early downstream targets of Notch signaling which contribute to multiciliate cell fate

2012-03-01 | GSE32331 | GEO

Multicilin drives centriole biogenesis via E2f proteins

Project description:Biochemistry suggests e2f4 forms a complex with the coiled-coiled protein multicilin (MCIDAS), a protein that is necessary and sufficient to specify multiciliated cells in vertebrates. Here, we performed RNAseq on Xenopus laevis ectoderm in the presence of multicilin alone or multicilin and a dominant-negative e2f4 construct. We also performed ChIPseq on e2f4 in the presence or absence of multicilin. Taken together, these data demonstrate how multicilin affects e2f4 genomic targets and their downstream transcription. RNAseq: misexpression of multicilin-HGR +/- dominant-negative e2f4 messenger RNAs in X. laevis animal caps, multicilin induced with dexamethasone at mid-stage 11 and harvested at 3 timepoints (3, 6, and 9 hours after induction, roughly corresponding to stages 13, 16, and 18) with 3 biological replicates. ChIPseq: misexpression of e2f4-GFP +/- multicilin-HGR messenger RNAs in X. laevis animal caps, multicilin induced at mid-stage 11 and harvested at one timepoint (6 hours after induction, roughly corresponding to stage 16), immunoprecipitated with anti-GFP and sequenced; 2 biological replicates. Background was input prior to IP.

2014-07-10 | E-GEOD-59309 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Transcription profiling of Xenopus epithelial explants injected with the intracellular domain of Notch (ICD) to block the formation of multi-ciliate cells, either alone or along with FoxJ1

Project description:Analysis of epithelial explants injected with the intracellular domain of Notch (ICD) to block the formation of multi-ciliate cells, either alone or along with FoxJ1. FoxJ1 misexpression leads to the induction fo ectopic cilia in Xenopus laevis epithelia. Results show which genes are affected by FoxJ1 during the induction of ectopic cilia. Ciliated cells that produce a leftward fluid flow have been proposed to mediate left-right patterning in many vertebrate embryos. These cilia combine features of primary sensory and motile cilia, but how such cilia are specified is unknown. We address this issue by analyzing the Xenopus and Zebrafish homologs of FoxJ1, a forkhead transcription factor necessary for ciliogenesis in multi-ciliate cells of the mouse. We show that the cilia that underlie left-right patterning on the Xenopus gastrocoel roof plate (GRP) and Zebrafish Kupfferâs vesicle (KV) are severely shortened or fail to form in FoxJ1 morphants. We also show that misexpressing XFoxJ1 is sufficient to induce ectopic GRP-like cilia formation in frog embryos. Microarray analysis indicates that XFoxJ1 induces the formation of cilia by upregulating the expression of motile cilia genes. These results indicate that FoxJ1 is a critical determinant in specifying cilia used in left-right patterning. Experiment Overall Design: 2-cell stage Xenopus embryos were injected with synthetic mRNA encoding ICD alone or along with FoxJ1. At stage 9/10 the presumptive ectoderm was cut off the embryo and cultured on a fibronectin coated coverslip. At stage 22 RNA was harvested from explants and used as the starting material for arrays.

2008-10-25 | E-GEOD-12613 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Histone modification and transcription factor ChIPseq of Xenopus laevis epithelial progenitors

Project description:To determine the positions of promoters and enhancers in developing Xenopus laevis epithelial progenitors, we performed ChIPseq on the histone modifications H3K4me3 and H3K27ac. We also performed ChIPseq on the transcription factors foxj1 (in the presence or absence of rfx2), myb (in the presence or absence of multicilin), and rad21. Some embryos were harvested as wild-types; in other experiments, we injected embryos with mRNAs encoding FLAG-foxj1 (with and without rfx2 morpholino) or GFP-myb (with and without an inducible form of multicilin (mcidas-HGR)). We then isolated epithelial progenitors surgically and, when injected with multicilin, induced at mid-stage 11. We then harvested chromatin at 9 hours after induction (roughly stage 18) and performed ChIPseq using antibodies against endogenous targets (H3K4me3, H3K27ac, rad21) or protein tags (FLAG, GFP). We then sequenced these libraries, aligned the reads to the X. laevis genome (version 9.1) with bwa mem and called peaks with HOMER, using input as background.

2016-02-23 | E-GEOD-78176 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Effect of FoxJ1 on expression of cilia genes

Project description:Analysis of epithelial explants injected with the intracellular domain of Notch (ICD) to block the formation of multi-ciliate cells, either alone or along with FoxJ1. FoxJ1 misexpression leads to the induction fo ectopic cilia in Xenopus laevis epithelia. Results show which genes are affected by FoxJ1 during the induction of ectopic cilia. Ciliated cells that produce a leftward fluid flow have been proposed to mediate left-right patterning in many vertebrate embryos. These cilia combine features of primary sensory and motile cilia, but how such cilia are specified is unknown. We address this issue by analyzing the Xenopus and Zebrafish homologs of FoxJ1, a forkhead transcription factor necessary for ciliogenesis in multi-ciliate cells of the mouse. We show that the cilia that underlie left-right patterning on the Xenopus gastrocoel roof plate (GRP) and Zebrafish Kupffer’s vesicle (KV) are severely shortened or fail to form in FoxJ1 morphants. We also show that misexpressing XFoxJ1 is sufficient to induce ectopic GRP-like cilia formation in frog embryos. Microarray analysis indicates that XFoxJ1 induces the formation of cilia by upregulating the expression of motile cilia genes. These results indicate that FoxJ1 is a critical determinant in specifying cilia used in left-right patterning. Keywords: Cilia Induction

2008-09-15 | GSE12613 | GEO

Transcriptional targets of Xenopus EBF3 in the absence of Noggin : Untreated animal caps vs. Dexamethasone (DEX) treated animal caps

Project description:Transcriptional profiling comparing the genes upregulated or downregulated by active hGR-Xebf3 by treating hormone DEX to those by non-active hGR-Xebf3 in Xenopus animal caps.

2011-05-25 | GSE27084 | GEO

Transcriptional targets of Xenopus EBF3 in the presence of Noggin : Untreated animal caps vs. Dexamethasone (DEX) treated animal caps

Project description:Transcriptional profiling comparing the genes upregulated or downregulated by active hGR-Xebf3 by treating hormone DEX to those by non-active hGR-Xebf3 in Xenopus animal caps.

2011-05-25 | GSE25734 | GEO

Multicilin drives centriole biogenesis via E2f proteins

2014-07-10 | GSE59309 | GEO

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