Similar Datasets
Project description:Oxidative and genotoxic stresses activate NF-κB signaling through intracellular pathways distinct from those initiated by membrane receptors, but their physiological roles remain incompletely defined. We created the NEMODK mouse model with germline arginine substitutions at NEMO (NF-κB essential modulator) lysines 270 and 302, key sites for post-translational modifications selectively induced by these intracellular stresses to enable NF-κB signaling in vitro. NEMODK mice exhibited B cell-intrinsic defects in the generation of germinal center B cells and humoral responses. Mechanistically, NEMODK B cells displayed a CD40-specific NF-κB signaling defect, unrelated to acute canonical and delayed noncanonical NF-κB activity, which was accompanied by the lack of sustained NEMO monoubiquitination downstream of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation without relying on nuclear DNA damage. This specifically reduced persistent RelA activity and a failure to mount transcriptomic and epigenetic changes critical for homotypic B cell aggregation, cell proliferation, class switch recombination and antibody secreting cell generation. Thus, CD40 induces a uniquely sustained NEMO modification and persistent RelA transcriptional activity to efficiently generate class-switched antibodies.
2026-06-09 | GSE325910 | GEO
Project description:Oxidative and genotoxic stresses activate NF-κB signaling through intracellular pathways distinct from those initiated by membrane receptors, but their physiological roles remain incompletely defined. We created the NEMODK mouse model with germline arginine substitutions at NEMO (NF-κB essential modulator) lysines 270 and 302, key sites for post-translational modifications selectively induced by these intracellular stresses to enable NF-κB signaling in vitro. NEMODK mice exhibited B cell-intrinsic defects in the generation of germinal center B cells and humoral responses. Mechanistically, NEMODK B cells displayed a CD40-specific NF-κB signaling defect, unrelated to acute canonical and delayed noncanonical NF-κB activity, which was accompanied by the lack of sustained NEMO monoubiquitination downstream of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation without relying on nuclear DNA damage. This specifically reduced persistent RelA activity and a failure to mount transcriptomic and epigenetic changes critical for homotypic B cell aggregation, cell proliferation, class switch recombination and antibody secreting cell generation. Thus, CD40 induces a uniquely sustained NEMO modification and persistent RelA transcriptional activity to efficiently generate class-switched antibodies.
2026-06-09 | GSE325580 | GEO
Project description:Oxidative and genotoxic stresses activate NF-κB signaling through intracellular pathways distinct from those initiated by membrane receptors, but their physiological roles remain incompletely defined. We created the NEMODK mouse model with germline arginine substitutions at NEMO (NF-κB essential modulator) lysines 270 and 302, key sites for post-translational modifications selectively induced by these intracellular stresses to enable NF-κB signaling in vitro. NEMODK mice exhibited B cell-intrinsic defects in the generation of germinal center B cells and humoral responses. Mechanistically, NEMODK B cells displayed a CD40-specific NF-κB signaling defect, unrelated to acute canonical and delayed noncanonical NF-κB activity, which was accompanied by the lack of sustained NEMO monoubiquitination downstream of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation without relying on nuclear DNA damage. This specifically reduced persistent RelA activity and a failure to mount transcriptomic and epigenetic changes critical for homotypic B cell aggregation, cell proliferation, class switch recombination and antibody secreting cell generation. Thus, CD40 induces a uniquely sustained NEMO modification and persistent RelA transcriptional activity to efficiently generate class-switched antibodies.
2026-06-09 | GSE325579 | GEO
Project description:There is increasing interest in how immune cells in the meninges, the membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord, contribute to homeostasis and disease in the central nervous system (CNS)1,2. The outer layer of meninges, the dura mater, has recently been described to contain both innate and adaptive immune cells, and function as a site for B cell development. Here, we identified organised lymphoid structures protecting fenestrated vasculature in the dura mater that we term dural-associated lymphoid tissue (DALT). We found the most elaborate immune organization, including lymphatic vessels, surrounding the rostral_x0002_rhinal confluence of sinuses. We termed this structure that interfaced with the skull bone marrow and a comparable venous plexus at the skull base, the rostral-rhinal venolymphatic hub. Immune aggregates were present in DALT during homeostasis and expanded with age or following challenge with systemic or nasal antigens. DALT contained germinal centre (GC) B cells, and supported the generation of somatically mutated, antibody-producing cells in response to a nasal pathogen challenge. Inhibition of lymphocyte entry into the rostral-rhinal hub at the time of nasal viral challenge abrogated the generation of germinal centre B cells and class-switched plasma cells, as did perturbation of B-T cell interactions. These data demonstrate lymphoid architecture around vasculature in dura mater that can sample antigens and rapidly support humoral immune responses following local pathogen challenge.
2024-03-04 | GSE254265 | GEO
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC4019209 | biostudies-literature
Project description:X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) is a primary immunodeficiency causing a lack of immunoglobulin production. A COVID-19 patient with XLA showed persistent infection for more than 239 days, representing the longest duration yet reported, in whom SARS-CoV-2 evolved increased proliferative capacity. We identify a mutation of SARS-CoV-2 that is responsible for the immune escape from the cellular immunity of this patient, as well as the TCR that could recognize the wild type antigen but not the correspoinding mutant antigen.
2023-05-12 | GSE190895 | GEO
Project description:Endothelial function and integrity are compromised after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) but how this affects immune responses broadly remains unknown. Using a preclinical model of cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation after BMT, we found compromised antiviral humoral responses induced by IL-6 signaling. IL-6 signaling in T cells maintained Th1 cells resulting in sustained IFN secretion which promoted endothelial cell (EC) injury, loss of the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) responsible for immunoglobulin G (IgG) recycling, and rapid IgG loss. In contrast, recipient IgG producing cells are rapidly eliminated after BMT. T cell-specific deletion of IL-6R led to persistence of recipient-derived CMV-specific IgG and inhibited CMV reactivation. Deletion of IFN in donor T cells also eliminated EC injury and FcRn loss. In a phase III clinical trial, blockade of IL-6R with tocilizumab promoted CMV-specific IgG persistence and significantly attenuated early HCMV reactivation. In sum, IL-6 invokes IFN-dependent EC injury and consequent IgG loss leading to CMV reactivation. Hence, cytokine inhibition represents a logical strategy to prevent endothelial injury thereby preserving humoral immunity after immunotherapy.
2024-04-01 | GSE252180 | GEO
Project description:NEMO- and RelA-dependent NF-B signaling promotes Small Cell Lung Cancer
| PRJEB53995 | ENA
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC7364217 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC10249576 | biostudies-literature