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Transcriptome profiling of Pythium graminicola-inoculated rice roots.

ABSTRACT: Contrary to the relative wealth of information regarding pathogen defense responses in aboveground plant parts, little is known about the mechanistic basis and regulation of plant immunity in root tissues. Aiming to further our fundamental understanding of root immune responses, we have investigated the interaction between rice and one of its major root pathogens, the oomycete Pythium graminicola. The specificic objectives of this study were twofold: i) to disentangle the molecular and genetic basis of the rice-Pythium interaction by comparing the transcriptome of rice roots at different times after inoculation with a highly virulent Pythium strains, and ii) to offer fundamental insights into the genetic architecture and regulation of rice disease resistance pathways operative in root tissue and to identify the molecular players controlling the possible nodes of convergence between these resistance conduits

ORGANISM(S): Oryza sativa Oryza sativa Japonica Group

PROVIDER: GSE32582 | GEO | 2011/10/04

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA147077

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Transcriptome profiling of Pythium graminicola-inoculated rice roots.

Project description:Contrary to the relative wealth of information regarding pathogen defense responses in aboveground plant parts, little is known about the mechanistic basis and regulation of plant immunity in root tissues. Aiming to further our fundamental understanding of root immune responses, we have investigated the interaction between rice and one of its major root pathogens, the oomycete Pythium graminicola. The specificic objectives of this study were twofold: i) to disentangle the molecular and genetic basis of the rice-Pythium interaction by comparing the transcriptome of rice roots at different times after inoculation with a highly virulent Pythium strains, and ii) to offer fundamental insights into the genetic architecture and regulation of rice disease resistance pathways operative in root tissue and to identify the molecular players controlling the possible nodes of convergence between these resistance conduits Comparison between P. graminicola- and mock-infected rice roots. Two treatments (infected and non-infected) x three timepoints (1, 2 and 4 days post inoculation) x three biological replicates

2011-10-03 | E-GEOD-32582 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Gene expression in rice roots after Pythium arrhenomsnes infection versus mock infection

Project description:Next to their essential roles in plant growth and development, phytohormones play a central role in plant immunity against pathogens. In this study we examined the role of hormones in the antagonism of the plant-pathogenic oomycete Pythium arrhenomanes against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola in rice roots. Hormone measurements and gene expression analyses showed that the jasmonate (JA) pathway is induced early upon P. arrhenomanes infection. Exogenous application of methyl-jasmonate (MeJA) on the plant confirmed that JA is needed for basal defence against both P. arrhenomanes and M. graminicola in rice. Whereas M. graminicola suppresses root JA levels to increase host susceptibility, Pythium inoculation boosts JA accumulation up to levels that can no longer be repressed by the nematode in double-inoculated plants. Exogenous MeJA supply phenocopied the defence-inducing capacity of P. arrhenomanes against the root-knot nematode, whereas the antagonism was weakened in JA-insensitive mutants. Transcriptome analysis confirmed upregulation of JA biosynthesis and signalling genes upon P. arrhenomanes infection, and additionally revealed induction of genes involved in biosynthesis of diterpenoid phytoalexins, consistent with strong activation of the gene encoding the JA-inducible transcriptional regulator DITERPENOID PHYTOALEXIN FACTOR. Next to that, our results provide evidence for induced expression of genes encoding ERF83, and related PR proteins, as well as auxin depletion in P. arrhenomanes infected rice roots, which potentially further contributes to the reduced nematode susceptibility seen in double-infected plants.

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Below ground attack by root knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola predisposes rice to blast disease

Project description:Magnaporthe oryzae (rice blast) and the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola are causing two of the most important pathogenic diseases jeopardizing rice production. Here, we show that root-knot nematode infestation on rice roots leads to important above-ground changes in plant immunity gene expression, which is correlated with significantly enhanced susceptibility to blast disease.

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Transcriptome analysis of piperonylic acid-treated, Meloidogyne graminicola-inoculated rice roots

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Project description:Biological control is a promising approach to control diseases caused by Pythium species. Unusually for a single genus, the Pythium genus also includes species that can antagonise Pythium plant pathogens, such as Pythium oligandrum. These Pythium plant pathogens are commonly found in the soil such as the broad host-range pathogen Pythium myriotylum and cause various diseases of important crops. While P. oligandrum genes expressed in the interaction with oomycete plant pathogens have been identified previously, the transcriptional response of an oomycete plant pathogen to P. oligandrum has not been investigated. An isolate of P. oligandrum, GAQ1, recovered from soil could antagonise P. myriotylum in a plate-based confrontation assay. The P. oligandrum isolate had a strong disease control effect on soft-rot of ginger caused by P. myriotylum. We investigated the transcriptional interaction between P. myriotylum and P. oligandrum. As part of the transcriptional response of P. myriotylum to the presence of P. oligandrum, putative effector genes such as a sub-set of Kazal-type protease inhibitors were strongly upregulated. P. myriotylum cellulases and elicitin-like putative effectors were also upregulated. In P. oligandrum, cellulases, peroxidases, proteases and NLP effectors were upregulated. The transcriptional response of P. myriotylum suggests clear features of a counter-attacking strategy that may contribute to the variable success and durability of biological attempts to control diseases caused by Pythium species. Whether aspects of this counter-attack could inhibit aspects of this virulence of P. myriotylum is another interesting aspect for future studies.

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Project description:Ascorbic acid (AA) is known to play a vital role in plant growth and detoxification of reactive oxygen species, however little is known about the significance of AA oxidation in plant defence against pathogens. • The role of ascorbate oxidation in rice defence against root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne graminicola, was tested with application of AA, ascorbate oxidase (AO), dehydroascorbic acid (DHA), biosynthesis inhibitors and use of mutants. Transcriptome analysis was done on AO treated plants, and hormone measurements were executed to confirm the results. Biochemical analyses were used to study oxidative stress markers, including accumulation of H2O2, , malondialdehyde and AA/DHA.

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Genome-wide shifts in histone modification patterns at early stage of rice infection with root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola

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