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CBFA2T3-GLIS2 fusion-mediated mSWI/SNF chromatin remodeler disruption generates cancer-specific dependencies in AMKL [Cut & Run]

ABSTRACT: Transcription factor (TF) fusion oncoproteins are frequently associated with poor prognosis and remain challenging therapeutic targets. Here we show that the CBFA2T3-GLIS2 (C/G) fusion oncoprotein present in lethal pediatric acute megakaryocytic leukemias (AMKLs) co-opts mSWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes, reprogramming regulatory element architecture to sustain aberrant cell cycle progression. The C/G fusion binds to and redistributes mSWI/SNF complexes via the SMARCD1 SWIFT domain and targets complexes to oncogenic enhancers including those bound by ETS family TFs and the G1 cyclin CCND2, a C/G AML-specific dependency. Pharmacologic inhibition of mSWI/SNF-mediated G1 cell cycle phasing via FHD-286 suppresses C/G-driven gene expression programs, induces G1 arrest and apoptosis in cells, and reduces leukemic burden and extends survival in aggressive C/G AML in vivo. These findings define an oncogenic mSWI/SNF–G1 axis in C/G AML and establish a therapeutic framework for targeting chromatin dysfunction-mediated cell cycle aberrancy in high-risk pediatric leukemias.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE328416 | GEO | 2026/04/22

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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CBFA2T3-GLIS2 fusion-mediated mSWI/SNF chromatin remodeler disruption generates cancer-specific dependencies in AMKL [ATAC-Seq]

Project description:Transcription factor (TF) fusion oncoproteins are frequently associated with poor prognosis and remain challenging therapeutic targets. Here we show that the CBFA2T3-GLIS2 (C/G) fusion oncoprotein present in lethal pediatric acute megakaryocytic leukemias (AMKLs) co-opts mSWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes, reprogramming regulatory element architecture to sustain aberrant cell cycle progression. The C/G fusion binds to and redistributes mSWI/SNF complexes via the SMARCD1 SWIFT domain and targets complexes to oncogenic enhancers including those bound by ETS family TFs and the G1 cyclin CCND2, a C/G AML-specific dependency. Pharmacologic inhibition of mSWI/SNF-mediated G1 cell cycle phasing via FHD-286 suppresses C/G-driven gene expression programs, induces G1 arrest and apoptosis in cells, and reduces leukemic burden and extends survival in aggressive C/G AML in vivo. These findings define an oncogenic mSWI/SNF–G1 axis in C/G AML and establish a therapeutic framework for targeting chromatin dysfunction-mediated cell cycle aberrancy in high-risk pediatric leukemias.

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CBFA2T3-GLIS2 fusion-mediated mSWI/SNF chromatin remodeler disruption generates cancer-specific dependencies in AMKL [Cut & Tag blood]

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The BAF complex blocks Myogenesis in rhabdomyosarcoma

Project description:Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a highly malignant pediatric cancer of skeletal muscle lineage. The aggressive alveolar subtype is commonly characterized by t(2;13) or t(1;13) translocations with the expression of PAX3- or PAX7-FOXO1 fusion transcription factors respectively and is known as fusion positive RMS (FP-RMS). FP-RMS tumors rely on the fusion gene to maintain their proliferative state while avoiding terminal differentiation program. Since disruptions of normal development are likely governed by epigenetic changes in these low-mutational-burden tumors, we investigated the contributions of chromatin regulatory complexes to RMS tumor maintenance. We demonstrate the essentiality of the mSWI/SNF ATPase BRG1 for FP-RMS proliferation and discover that RMS significantly overexpress SMARCA4 (encoding BRG1) compared to skeletal muscle. We define the mSWI/SNF subunit repertoire in FP-RMS and provide evidence for the assembly of multiple mSWI/SNF complexes including canonical BAF, PBAF and non-canonical (nc)BAF in FP-RMS. Proteomic studies suggest proximity between PAX3-FOXO1 and BAF complexes, which was further supported by genome-wide binding profiles revealing enhancer colocalization of BAF with FP-RMS core regulatory transcription factors. We report that mSWI/SNF complexes act as sensors of chromatin state, which are recruited to sites of de novo histone acetylation. Phenotypically, interference with mSWI/SNF complex function induces transcriptional activation of the skeletal muscle differentiation program associated with MYCN enhancer invasion at myogenic target genes. Finally, BRG1 targeting compounds reproduce the effects of genetic ablation. We conclude that inhibition of BRG1 overcomes the differentiation blockade of FP-RMS cells and may provide a therapeutic strategy for treating this lethal childhood tumor.

2021-04-01 | GSE162052 | GEO

The BAF complex blocks Myogenesis in rhabdomyosarcoma

2020-11-20 | MSV000086494 | MassIVE

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Project description:Chromatin remodeling complexes regulate gene expression by shifting, evicting, and exchanging nucleosomes along the chromosomes of eukaryotic organisms. The mammalian SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex (mSWI/SNF or BAF) is mutated in over 20% of human cancers and loss of the SMARCB1 gene, encoding the BAF47 protein subunit, results in one of the most aggressive and lethal pediatric cancers. An accumulation of point mutations occurs at the C-terminal end of the protein, for which the functional ramifications are unknown. We previously demonstrated that reintroduction of SMARCB1 in SMARCB1-null malignant rhabdoid tumor cells results in a genome-wide increase of mSWI/SNF complex occupancy coupled with activation of PRC2-repressed genes. Here, we study the functional consequences that these point mutations exert on mSWI/SNF complex activity in SMARCB1-deficient tumor cells and extend this investigation to a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated SMARCB1-heterozygous mutant induced pluripotent stem cell. Intriguingly, we observe that the mutant complexes bind similarly to wild-type SMARCB1 complexes at enhancers throughout the genome but often fail to transcriptionally activate nearby genes in a cis-regulatory manner.

2019-11-21 | GSE124903 | GEO

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