Identification of Enhancers and Transcription Factors Regulating Developmental and Functional Maturation of Skeletal Muscle [RNA-Seq]
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Bos taurus
PROVIDER: GSE329092 | GEO | 2026/08/19
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:Composition of distinct muscle fiber types plays an important role in the regulation of skeletal muscle metabolism, as well as animal meat production.Four and a half LIM domain protein 3 (FHL3) is highly expressed in fast glycolytic muscle fibers and differentially regulates the expression of MyHC isoforms at cellular levels.Here we knocked out FHL3 in C2C12 cells by CRISPR/Cas9 technology.RNA sequencing analyses revealed that the expression of MYH7 in KO cells was significantly increased, while the expression of MYH1,MYH2 and MYH4 was significantly decreased.Further comfirm FHL3 regulates the transformation of muscle fiber types.
2022-11-17 | GSE213996 | GEO
Project description:Studies of the gene expression profiles associated with the postnatal late growth, development and aging of skeletal muscle are lacking in sika deer. To understand the molecular mechanisms of the growth and development of sika deer skeletal muscle, we used de novo RNA-seq analyses to determine the differential expression of unigenes from skeletal muscle tissues at 1, 3, 5, and 10-year-old in sika deer. A total of 51716 unigenes were identified based on four mRNA libraries. 2044 unigenes were differentially expressed between adolescence and juvenile sika deer, 1946 unigenes were differentially expressed between adult and adolescence sika deer, and 2209 unigenes were differentially expressed between aged and adult sika deer. GO and KEGG analyses showed that DE unigenes were mainly related to energy and substance metabolism, processes that are closely associate with growth, development and aging of skeletal muscle. We also constructed mRNA-mRNA interaction networks related to growth, development and aging of skeletal muscle. The results showed that Myh1, Myh2, Myh7, ACTN3 etc. may play important roles in muscle growth and development, and WWP1, DEK, UCP3, FUS etc. may have key roles in muscle aging. In this study, we determined the dynamic unigenes transcriptome in muscle tissue for the first time in sika deer. The age-dependent unigenes identified will offer insights into the molecular mechanism underlying muscle development, growth and maintenance and also provide valuable information for sika deer genetic breeding.
2020-01-11 | GSE142977 | GEO
Project description:Skeletal muscle mediates the beneficial effects of exercise, thereby improving insulin sensitivity and reducing the risk for type 2 diabetes. Current skeletal-muscle-models in vitro are incapable of fully recapitulating its physiological functions especially regarding exercise. Supplementation of IGF1, a growth factor secreted by myofibers in vivo, might help to overcome these limitations. Primary human CD56-positive myoblasts were differentiated into myotubes in the presence/absence of IGF1 in serum-free medium for 10 days. Daily collected samples were analyzed by proteomics, qRT-PCR and myotube contractibility via electrical-pulse-stimulation (EPS). Mitochondrial respiration and glucose uptake were measured. IGF1-supported differentiation formed thicker multinucleated myotubes showing physiological contraction upon EPS following day 6 while myotubes without IGF1 were almost incapable of contraction. IGF1-treatment upregulated particularly muscle-specific proteins that contribute to myofibril and sarcomere assembly, striated muscle contraction, and ATP production. Elevated PPARGC1A, MYH7 and reduced MYH1/2 suggest a switch towards a more oxidative phenotype in line with elevated mitochondrial respiration. IGF1-treatment also upregulated expression of GLUT4 and increased insulin-dependent glucose uptake. To conclude, utilizing IGF1, we engineered human myotubes that recapitulate the physiological traits of skeletal muscle in vivo vastly superior to established protocols. This novel model enables investigation of exercise on a molecular level, drug screening and interorgan-crosstalk by transfer to organ-on-chip.
2024-10-17 | PXD043200 | Pride
Project description:Background: monogastric feeding is dependent on conventional feedstuffs such as corn and soybean meal. However, these are increasingly expensive and environmentally unsustainable. Therefore, there is an increasing interest in high quality and sustainable alternative feedstuffs, namely microalgae. Chlorella vulgaris is one of such alternatives, with a high level of crude protein and bioactive compounds. However, its recalcitrant cell wall hinders the digestive process. CAZyme supplementation is a possible solution to overcome such a problem. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of a 5% dietary C. vulgaris (CV) and enzymatic supplementation (CV+R – Rovabio® Excel AP; CV+M – four CAZyme mix) on muscle transcriptome and proteome of finishing pigs in an integrated approach. Results: there were no differences concerning the live pig production performance. Pigs that were fed with the microalga had increased deposition of n-3 PUFA, including C20:5n-3 (EPA) in the muscle. Control pigs increased the abundance of contractile apparatus (e.g. MYH1, MYH2, MYH4) and energy metabolism (e.g. CKMT1, NDUFS3) proteins, demonstrating increased nutrient availability. Moreover, they had increased abundance of SCD, characteristic of increased glucose availability via the activation of SREBP-1c and ChREBP. CV and CV+R pigs upregulated proteolytic and apoptotic genes (e.g. BAX, DDA1), whilst increasing the abundance of glucose (UQCRFS1) and fatty acid catabolism (ACADS) proteins. CV+R pigs upregulated ACOT8 and SIRT3 genes as a response to reduced nutrient availability, to maintain energy homeostasis and oxidative status. The CV+M pigs showed the least number of significant differences in both omics platforms. Conclusions: the four-CAZyme mix designed to degrade the microalgal cell wall was efficient in re-establishing the muscle metabolism, mitigating the otherwise negative effects of microalga incorporation in the diet.
2023-03-11 | PXD033814 | Pride
Project description:<p>Skeletal muscles, accounting for 40% of mammalian body mass, exhibit pronounced heterogeneity due to distinct anatomical locations. Animal husbandry excessively focuses on longissimus dorsi (LDM) development, while neglecting other muscles. In this study, we integrated Bulk RNA Sequencing (bulk RNA-seq) and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometery (LC-MS) analyses of Soleus (SOL), Gastrocnemius (GAS), and Psoas major (PMM) across three key stages in Duroc pigs. As a result, we identified 9 critical genes (S100A1, MBOAT2, CA3, GYG2, ACTN3, ENO3, SLC3A2, SLC16A10, and GAPDH) and 8 metabolites potentially involved in regulating both skeletal muscle development and fiber-type transformation. The heterogeneity between SOL and GAS was low at birth but increased gradually during development. In contrast, PMM exhibited high heterogeneity compared to SOL and GAS from birth. Notably, expression levels of MYH7, MYH1, and MYH4 displayed stage-specific and muscle type-dependent variations. Moreover, we observed a developmental shift from the MAPK signaling pathway (1-21 d) to the regulation of actin cytoskeleton (21-120 d). Pairwise comparisons between SOL, GAS, and PMM revealed signaling pathways enriched in muscle fiber-type switching. Collectively, through the integration of bulk RNA-seq and LC-MS data, this study provides novel molecular breeding strategies for genetic improvement in meat-producing animals.</p>
2025-09-09 | MTBLS12963 | MetaboLights
Project description:Abstract Background: Intramuscular fat (IMF) and subcutaneous fat (SF) are two major adipose depots in cattle, each playing distinct roles in meat quality and systemic metabolism. The development of adipose tissue requires proliferation and differentiation of preadipocytes into adipocytes. However, the identity and characteristics of preadipocytes forming IMF and SF, especially the former, remain poorly defined. Results: In this study, we derived four single-preadipocyte clones from stromal vascular fraction (SVF) of IMF and SF tissues of four adult steers and characterized their gene expression signatures. All single-cell clones of IMF and SF preadipocytes were capable of forming adipocytes, as evidenced by lipid droplets accumulation and upregulation of adipocyte marker genes such as PPARG, CEBPA, FABP4, and ADIPOQ upon adipogenic induction. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that although both IMF and SF preadipocyte clones expressed classical preadipocyte markers such as PDGFRA, DLK1, PPARG, CD34, and ZNF423, they had significantly different gene expression profiles. Over 2,000 genes were differentially expressed between IMF and SF preadipocyte clones. Surprisingly, many muscle-specific genes such as MYOG, CKM, MYH2, and MYH3 were expressed at high levels in IMF preadipocyte clones while barely detectable in SF preadipocyte clones. These muscle-specific genes remained elevated in adipocytes differentiated from IMF preadipocyte clones. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that genes upregulated in IMF preadipocyte clones compared to SF preadipocyte clones were significantly enriched in pathways such as PI3K-Akt signaling, MAPK signaling, calcium signaling, cholesterol biosynthesis, muscle structure development, and neuromuscular junction formation, further suggesting that IMF preadipocytes bear characteristics of muscle cells. Differentiation assays demonstrated that IMF SVF cells had strong adipogenic potential, as they readily formed adipocytes upon adipogenic induction, but showed little myogenic potential, as they did not form myotubes upon myogenic induction. In contrast, bovine satellite cells, the widely considered myogenic progenitor cells in skeletal muscle, exhibited both myogenic and adipogenic potential, forming both myotubes and adipocytes under respective induction conditions. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that IMF and SF preadipocytes differ significantly in gene expression profiles with the former expressing many muscle-specific genes. Our findings suggest that IMF preadipocytes may originate from muscle satellite cells or share a common progenitor, whereas SF preadipocytes arise from non-myogenic adipose progenitor cells.
2025-12-09 | GSE303588 | GEO
Project description:We profiled the enhancer landscape of skeletal muscle from neonatal and adult cattle using ChIP-seq for H3K27ac, a marker of active enhancers. We identified 8,602 and 13,034 high-confidence H3K27ac-enriched regions in neonatal and adult muscle, respectively. Among these, 1,194 enhancers were specific to neonatal muscle and 1,478 were specific to adult muscle. In addition, 769 super-enhancers were identified in neonatal muscle and 527 in adult muscle.
2026-08-19 | GSE329091 | GEO
Project description:The rumen plays an essential role in ruminant digestion, absorption, metabolism, and health. The rumen undergoes substantial changes in size and function from birth to adulthood. The molecular mechanisms underlying these changes are not fully understood. This study was aimed to identify the transcription factors and signaling pathways mediating these changes in cattle. We used 6 neonatal bull calves and 6 adult steers, all Angus-crossbred, in this study. We found that the ratios of the emptied rumen, reticulum, omasum, and abomasum to total body weight in adult steers were 4.8 (P < 0.01), 3.1 (P < 0.01), 6.0 (P < 0.01), and 0.8 (P = 0.9) times those in neonatal calves, respectively. Histological examinations showed a 7.4-, 2.0-, 3.0-, 2.9-, and 4.6-fold increase (P < 0.01 for all) in the length of the rumen papillae and the thickness of the rumen epithelium, tunica mucosa and submucosa, tunica muscularis, and tunica serosa, respectively, from neonatal calves to adult steers. Papilla density was lower in adult steers than in neonatal calves (P < 0.05). The size of the rumen epithelial cells was not different between neonatal calves and adult steers (P = 0.57). RNA sequencing identified 2,906 genes differentially expressed (adjusted P < 0.05 and |log2fold change| ≥ 1) in the rumen between neonatal calves and adult steers, of which 1,586 were downregulated and 1,320 upregulated in adult steers. Bioinformatic analyses indicated organ development and morphogenesis, neuronal differentiation, blood vessel development, Ras signaling, and Wnt signaling were among the functional terms enriched in genes downregulated in adult steers, while fatty acid metabolism, ketogenesis, immune responses, PPAR signaling, and Rap1 signaling were among those enriched in genes upregulated in adult steers. Bioinformatic analyses also indicated that SRF, IRF4, SPI1, ETS1, and PURA were the major transcription factors mediating gene upregulation and that TCF4, MESP1, TCF3, ID4, and SNAI2 were the major transcription factors mediating gene downregulation in the rumen from neonatal calves to adult steers. Taken together, these results suggest that the rumen grows by increasing the number, not by the size, of individual cells from birth to adulthood, that the absorptive, metabolic, immune, and motility functions of the rumen are attained or enhanced during the postnatal life, and that the changes in rumen size and function from birth to adulthood are mediated by many transcription factors including SRF and TCF4 and many signaling pathways including the PPAR and Wnt signaling pathways.
2025-02-05 | GSE280816 | GEO
Project description:Identification of gravisensitive gene expression in rat soleus muscle exposed to 7 and 14 days of Hindlimb suspension (HS) simulated microgravity. Microgravity causes muscle atrophy possibly due to muscle wasting overtake regeneration. Results provide insight into the molecular mechanisms regulating muscle atrophy. The expression of 787 (373 upregulated and 414 downregulated) and 923 (491 upregulated and 432 downregulated) genes out of 28000 was altered respectively at least 2-fold of 7 and 14 days TS, which represented 397 (233 upregulated and 164 downregulated) genes of common alteration. By using real-time PCR assays, we verified the microarray data using some of the expected genes. The tissue was collected from Sprague-Dawley rats (8 weeks of age) subjected to 7, 14days of TS. mRNA expression profile was determined in three groups: control (CN), TS for 7 days (TS-7), and TS for 14 days (TS-14).Three mRNA microarray chips were analyzed for mixture of four samples of each of the three groups.
2013-11-05 | E-GEOD-52056 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Hair follicle formation depends on reciprocal epidermal-dermal interactions and occurs during skin development, but not in adult life. This suggests that the properties of dermal fibroblasts change during postnatal development. To examine this, we used a PdgfraEGFP mouse line to isolate GFP-positive fibroblasts from neonatal skin, adult telogen and anagen skin and adult skin in which ectopic hair follicles had been induced (EF skin) by transgenic epidermal activation of beta-catenin. We also isolated epidermal cells from each mouse. The gene expression profile of EF epidermis was most similar to that of anagen epidermis, consistent with activation of beta-catenin signalling. In contrast, adult dermis with ectopic hair follicles more closely resembled neonatal dermis than adult telogen or anagen dermis. In particular, genes associated with mitosis were upregulated and extracellular matrix-associated genes were downregulated in neonatal and EF fibroblasts. We confirmed that sustained epidermal beta-catenin activation stimulated fibroblasts to proliferate to reach the high cell density of neonatal skin. In addition, the extracellular matrix was comprehensively remodelled, with mature collagen being replaced by collagen subtypes normally present only in developing skin. The changes in proliferation and extracellular matrix composition originated from a specific subpopulation of fibroblasts located beneath the sebaceous gland. Our results show that adult dermis is an unexpectedly plastic tissue that can be reprogrammed to acquire the molecular, cellular and structural characteristics of neonatal dermis in response to cues from the overlying epidermis. We have isolated the following populations of cells from mouse back skin by flow cytometry: 1A) GFP+ WT neonatal dermal fibroblasts, 1B) ItgA6+ WT neonatal epidermal keratinocytes, 2A) GFP+ WT telogen dermal fibroblasts, 2B) ItgA6+ WT telogen epidermal keratinocytes, 3A) GFP+ D2 transient activation (anagen) dermal fibroblasts, 3B) ItgA6+ D2 transient activation (anagen) epidermal keratinocytes, 4A) GFP+ D2 sustained activation (ectopic follicles) dermal fibroblasts, 4B) ItgA6+ D2 sustained activation (ectopic follicles) epidermal keratinocytes
2011-10-12 | E-GEOD-32966 | biostudies-arrayexpress