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A Novel Oxidoreductase ShSDH1 from Endophytic OsiSh-2 Activates Rice Immunity through DAMPs and Cell Wall Integrity Remodeling

ABSTRACT: Crop diseases pose severe threats to agricultural sustainability and food security. The plant-endophyte symbiont can enhance plant defenses against diseases, but the regulatory mechanisms by which endophyte-mediated immune networks for disease resistance in host plants remain largely unexplored. Here, we identified and purified a novel immunity elicitor ShSDH1 from the endophyte Streptomyces hygroscopicus OsiSh-2. ShSDH1 can trigger a series of immune responses in rice, enhancing its disease resistance through a priming strategy that mainly involves the regulation of the jasmonic acid-ethylene (JA/ET) signaling pathway. ShSDH1 was identified as a novel PQQ-dependent sugar dehydrogenase with oxidoreductase activity. Its ability to induce immune responses relies on its enzyme activity and specific functional domains (GSDH and CBM6) that contain a conserved catalytic residue H183. ShSDH1 can act on rice cell walls, leading to the generation of DAMPs, which activate plant immunity and boost disease resistance. Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses elucidate that the immune responses triggered by ShSDH1 were related to several interconnected processes, including the activation of phytohormone signaling pathways induction, remodeling of cell wall integrity, and the induction of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. Our findings provide a novel approach for enhancing plant immunity through the use of an endophyte-derived oxidoreductase.

ORGANISM(S): Oryza sativa

PROVIDER: GSE330437 | GEO | 2026/05/10

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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