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Transcriptomic profiling of C2C12 myotubes treated with D-galactose and red ginseng-derived interventions

ABSTRACT: This study investigated transcriptomic alterations in differentiated C2C12 myotubes following treatment with D-galactose and red ginseng-derived interventions. Fully differentiated C2C12 myotubes were treated with Korean Red Ginseng water extract (RGW), saponin fraction (SFr), non-saponin fraction (NSFr), or ginsenoside Rb2 either alone or in combination with D-galactose. Bulk RNA sequencing was performed to characterize the transcriptional effects of each intervention under basal conditions and to evaluate their modulatory effects on D-galactose-induced cellular aging-associated transcriptomic changes.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE333910 | GEO | 2026/06/06

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer is a precious Chinese herbal medicine belonging to the Araliaceae family. Because ginseng is extremely taboo, it seriously restricts the sustainable development of the ginseng industry. The allelopathic effect of triterpenoid saponins is one of the important incentives for continuous cropping disorders. However, there are few studies on the mechanism of allelopathic autotoxicity of triterpenoid ginsenosides. Therefore, this study took ginseng hairy roots as the research object, exogenously added ginsenoside Ro to regulate the growth of hairy roots, and measured the changes in its physiological and saponin content. It was found that ginseng hairy roots grew significantly under Ro-0.5 mg/L stress. Inhibition, the specificity of root tip cell injury was obvious, promoted the accumulation of endogenous hormones IAA and SA, and inhibited the accumulation of ABA and JA. The accumulation of ginsenosides was significantly inhibited (except Rg3) under Ro-0.5 mg/L stress. The mRNA analysis of the Ro-0.5 mg/L group and CK group showed that the differentially expressed genes were mostly concentrated in the hormone signal transduction pathway. The genes ARF7 and EFM were up-regulated, and XTH23 and ZOX1 were down-regulated, which can be used as important candidates for hormone-responsive continuous cropping disorders. Gene. 74 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified based on miRNA sequencing, of which 22 were up-regulated and 52 were down-regulated. The target genes of ptc-miR156k_L+1, mtr-miR156b-5p, gma-miR156a_R+1, and mtr-miR156e were all TRINITY_DN14567_c0_g4, TRINITY_DN14567_c0_g4 is a gene in the plant hormone signal transduction pathway, and the four miRNAs are all negatively correlated with mRNA, indicating that ptc-miR156k_L+1, mtr-miR156b-5p, gma-miR156a_R+1, and mtr-miR156e are very likely involved in ginseng Response to continuous cropping disorders and regulation of ginsenoside synthesis. Our findings will provide a useful platform for unraveling the continuous cropping barrier of ginseng and new insights into the genetic engineering of plant stress responses.

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Transcriptomic profiling of C2C12 myotubes treated with D-galactose and red ginseng-derived interventions

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