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Transcriptomic Profiling of Patients’ Human Brown and White Adipose Tissue Depots

ABSTRACT: Human adipose tissues are solid organs distributed throughout the body in specific locations and are thought to have dichotomous functions: white adipose tissue (WAT) stores triglycerides as an energy reservoir, and brown adipose tissue (BAT) uses metabolic fuels to generate heat. To define the transcriptional profile of six principal adipose depots, we analyzed tissue from 11 autopsies (3F/8M, 16-71y) of patients who had different underlying diseases. Despite global similarities in terms of cell type proportions, each depot had a distinct transcriptomic signature and functional profile. Each human’s adipose tissues were more similar to each other than to the anatomically and functionally matching depots in other patients. The transcriptomic pattern of subcutaneous WAT could even be used to predict the human donor. This pattern suggests that individualized factors such as genetics, age, environment, diet, and disease play impactful roles in coordinating the behavior of the whole-body adipose tissue depot.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE334145 | GEO | 2026/07/07

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:*Background: Adipocytes mainly function as energy storage and endocrine cells. The amount and distribution of fat are important factor that influence the meat quality in the beef industry. Fat depot can be found around internal organ (ometal), beneath the skin (subcutaneous), and between muscles (intramuscular). Different adipose depot showed the biological and genetic difference depending on their location. This inter-depot variation might be influenced by the inherent genetic programing for development of adipose depots. In this study, we used RNA-seq data to investigate the difference in transcriptome of various adipose depots in Hanwoo. *Results: Using RNA-seq, we identified 5797, 2156, and 5455 DEGs in the comparison between OI, OS, and IS respectively (FDR<0.01) and found 853, 48, and 979 DEGs specific to subcutaneous, intramuscular and omental fat respectively. DEGs in intramuscular fat were highly enriched the metabolism related pathways compared to other fat depots. DEGs specific to the omental fat is significantly enriched in PPAR signaling pathway and cell-junction related pathway. In subcutaneous fat, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction with chemokines (CXC and CC subfamily) was the most significantly enriched the pathways. Interestingly, melanogenesis pathway was associated with the subcutaneous depot. Even though the adipose tissues shared the same pathways for adipocyte differentiation, the regulation of genes were different based on the depot. *Conclusions: We comparatively analyzed the transcripome profile from different adipose tissues using NGS and identified DEGs between adipose depot and specific to depot in Hanwoo animals. The functional annotation analysis of DEGs found that transcriptome profile difference in various adipose tissue of intramuscular, subcutaneous, and ometal fat. whole mRNA sequencing profiles of nine Korean native cattle (nine profiles of omental fat tissue, nine profiles of intramuscular fat tissue, nine profiles of subcutaneous fat tissue and eight profiles of muscle tissue)

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Transcriptomic Profiling of Patients’ Human Brown and White Adipose Tissue Depots

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