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The ratio of RUNX1-ETO oncoprotein to normal RUNX1 expression determines the balance between endothelial reprogramming and hematopoietic cell growth

ABSTRACT: In t(8;21) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) the RUNX1 DNA binding domain is fused to the RUNX1T1 protein producing the RUNX1-ETO onco-fusion protein. Here, we employed a human embryonic stem cell (ESC) line expressing an inducible RUNX1-ETO transgene to determine whether RUNX1-ETO directly induces endothelial signalling pathways or whether it is dependent on AML progression. Using single cell analyses we show that RUNX1-ETO induction reprograms ESC-derived myeloid progenitors towards endothelial cells. Our experiments provide important insights into the earliest stages of epigenetic reprogramming by oncogenic transcription factors in AML.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE338360 | GEO | 2026/09/23

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:The t(8;21) translocation fuses the DNA binding domain of the hematopoietic master regulator RUNX1 to the ETO protein. The resultant RUNX1/ETO fusion protein is a leukemia-initiating transcription factor that interferes with RUNX1 function. The result of this interference is a block in differentiation and, finally, the development of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). To obtain insights into RUNX1/ETO-dependant alterations of the epigenetic landscape we measured genome-wide RUNX1- and RUNX1/ETO bound regions in t(8;21) cells and assessed to what extent the effects of RUNX1/ETO on the epigenome depend on its continued expression in established leukemic cells. To this end we determined dynamic alterations of histone acetylation, RNA Polymerase II binding and RUNX1 occupancy in the presence or absence of RUNX1/ETO using a knockdown approach. Combined global assessments of chromatin accessibility and kinetic gene expression data show that RUNX1/ETO controls the expression of important regulators of hematopoietic differentiation and self-renewal. We show that selective removal of RUNX1/ETO leads to a widespread reversal of epigenetic reprogramming and a genome-wide re-distribution of RUNX1 binding, resulting in the inhibition of leukemic proliferation and self-renewal and the induction of differentiation. This demonstrates that RUNX1/ETO represents a pivotal therapeutic target in AML. This SuperSeries is composed of the following subset Series: GSE29222: Depletion of RUNX1/ETO in t(8;21) AML cells leads to genome-wide changes in chromatin structure and transcription factor binding [ChIP-Seq and DNAse-Hypersensitivity data] GSE29223: Depletion of RUNX1/ETO in t(8;21) AML cells leads to genome-wide changes in chromatin structure and transcription factor binding [expression array data] GSE34540: Depletion of RUNX1/ETO in t(8;21) AML cells leads to genome-wide changes in chromatin structure and transcription factor binding (ChIP-seq) GSE34594: Depletion of RUNX1/ETO in t(8;21) AML cells leads to genome-wide changes in chromatin structure and transcription factor binding (Illumina expression) Refer to individual Series

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The ratio of RUNX1-ETO oncoprotein to normal RUNX1 expression determines the balance between endothelial reprogramming and hematopoietic cell growth

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