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Retinoic acid receptor signaling orchestrates uterine receptivity, decidual competence, and immune homeostasis during early pregnancy [scRNA-seq]

ABSTRACT: Single-cell RNA sequencing was performed on uterine tissues collected from control and retinoic acid receptor triple-conditional knockout (tKO) female mice at 3.5 days post coitum. This study was designed to characterize changes in uterine cellular composition and gene-expression programs associated with loss of RAR signaling during the implantation period. The dataset provides transcriptomic profiles of different uterine cell populations and enables comparison of cell-type-specific responses between control and tKO uteri.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE339080 | GEO | 2026/08/28

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Retinoic acid receptor signaling orchestrates uterine receptivity, decidual competence, and immune homeostasis during early pregnancy

Project description:Successful implantation requires precise coordination of uterine epithelial receptivity, stromal decidualization, and immune homeostasis during a narrow peri-implantation window. Although retinoic acid (RA) signaling has been implicated in female reproduction, the endogenous and isoform-specific roles of retinoic acid receptors (RARs) remain poorly defined. Here, we used isoform-specific genetic mouse models, transcriptomic profiling, and functional studies in mouse and human stromal cells to determine how RAR signaling regulates early pregnancy. We found that Rarg is the dominant RAR isoform required for female fertility in mice, as its deletion severely impaired implantation, whereas combined loss of all RAR isoforms caused complete reproductive failure. RAR deficiency disrupted implantation through persistent estrogen receptor activity, loss of stromal decidualization competence, and induction of a pathological inflammatory state. RAR-deficient uterine gene expression programs showed strong overlap with those observed in women with recurrent implantation failure, supporting clinical relevance. In human endometrial stromal cells, selective repression of RARA impaired decidualization, identifying RARA as the predominant isoform regulating human stromal differentiation. Together, these findings identify RAR signaling as a critical regulator of implantation and reveal conserved, isoform-specific functions required for early pregnancy.

2026-08-28 | GSE322492 | GEO

Expression profiling of the uteri of progesterone induced uterine gland knockout mice

Project description:To identify genes differentially expressed in the glandless uterus, whole uteri were collected from control (uterine glands present) and PUGKO (no uterine glands) mice at day of pseudopregnancy (DOPP) 3.5 (day DOPP 0.5= vaginal plug). Microarray analysis identified differentially expressed genes in the glandless uteri of PUGKO mice as compared to control mice.

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Enhancing Uterine Receptivity for Embryo Implantation through Controlled Collagenase Intervention

Project description:Ineffective endometrial matrix remodeling, a key factor in infertility, impedes embryo implantation in the uterine wall. Our study reveals the cellular and molecular impact of human collagenase-1 administration in mouse uteri, demonstrating enhanced embryo implantation rates. Collagenase-1 promotes remodeling of the endometrial extracellular matrix (ECM), degrading collagen fibers and proteoglycans. This process releases matrix-bound bioactive factors, (e.g. VEGF, decorin), facilitating vascular permeability and angiogenesis. Collagenase-1 elevates embryo implantation regulators, including NK cell infiltration and the key cytokine LIF. Remarkably, uterine tissue maintains structural integrity despite reduced endometrial collagen fiber tension. In-utero collagenase-1 application rescues implantation in the heat stress and embryo transfer models, known for low implantation rates. Importantly, ex-vivo exposure of human uterine tissue to collagenase-1 induces collagen de-tensioning and VEGF release, mirroring remodeling observed in mice. Our research highlights collagenase potential to induce and orchestrate cellular and molecular processes enhancing uterine receptivity for effective embryo implantation. This innovative approach underscores ECM remodeling mechanisms critical for embryo implantation

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Retinoic acid antagonizes estrogen signaling to maintain adult uterine cell fate

Project description:Uterine epithelial transformation/metaplasia occurs in Rar tKO mice at a young age. We performed single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of isolated uterine cells at two time points during development in order to investigate the origin and charactoristics of these transformed cells.

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Expression profiling of the uteri of progesterone induced uterine gland knockout mice

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Uterine glands impact uterine receptivity, luminal fluid homeostasis and blastocyst implantation

Project description:Uterine glands are essential for pregnancy in mice and likely humans, because they secrete or transport bioactive substances that regulate uterine receptivity for blastocyst implantation. In mice, the uterus becomes receptive to blastocyst implantation on day 4, but is refractory by day 5. Here, blastocysts could be recovered from progesterone-induced uterine gland (PUGKO) but not wildtype (WT) mice on day 5 post-mating. Anti-adhesive Muc1 protein and microvilli were present on the luminal epithelium of PUGKO but not WT uteri. A number of known uterine receptivity genes and gland-specific genes were altered in the PUGKO uterus. Next, the uterus and uterine luminal fluid (ULF) were obtained from WT and PUGKO mice on day 3, 4 and 5. Transcriptome analysis revealed that 580 genes were decreased in the PUGKO uterus, however ULF secrotome analysis revealed that many proteins and several amino acids were increased in the PUGKO ULF. Of note, many proteins encoded by many gland-specific genes were not identified in the ULF of WT mice. These results support the ideas that uterine glands secrete factors that regulate ULF homeostasis and interact with other cell types in the uterus to influence uterine receptivity and blastocyst implantation for the establishment of pregnancy.

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Project description:Receptivity of the uterus is essential for embryo implantation and progression of pregnancy. Acquisition of receptivity involves major molecular and cellular changes in the endometrial lining of the uterus from its non-receptive state at ovulation, to its receptive state four days later. The precise molecular mechanisms underlying this transition remain to be fully characterized. Here, we aimed to generate a comprehensive profile of the uterine transcriptome in the peri-ovulatory and peri-implantation states, and to define the differences between them, in the mouse. High throughput RNA-sequencing was utilized to identify genes and pathways expressed in the endometrium of C57Bl/6 female mice on day 3.5 post-coitum after mating with BALB/c males, compared to the endometrium of unmated estrous females (n=3-4 biological replicates). RNA-sequencing and analysis using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software revealed that, compared to the endometrium at estrus, 388 genes were differentially expressed in the endometrium on day 3.5 post-coitum (FDR ≤ 0.05). Several upstream regulators are implicated in the transition to receptivity including several cytokines, steroid hormones, prostaglandin E2, and vascular endothelial growth factor A. The transcriptional changes indicate substantial changes in the uterine immune and vascular systems during the pre-implantation phase, with the functional terms Angiogenesis, Chemotaxis, and Lymphangiogenesis predominating. This analysis confirms that the transcriptome of a receptive uterus is vastly different to the non-receptive uterus and identifies several genes and regulatory pathways not previously associated with implantation. This dataset will serve as a valuable tool and resource for future research on the molecular mechanisms of uterine receptivity.

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Transcriptome analyses of uterine RNA from WT and Qa2 deficient mice

Project description:Since many adaptation processes to pregnancy take place in the uterus, we performed transcriptome analyses of whole uterine lysates. Of 610 differentially regulated genes, 380 were upregulated in WT uteri and 230 were upregulated in Qa-2- uteri.

2022-02-04 | GSE186053 | GEO

Retinoic acid receptor signaling orchestrates uterine receptivity, decidual competence, and immune homeostasis during early pregnancy

Project description:Retinoic acid receptor signaling orchestrates uterine receptivity, decidual competence, and immune homeostasis during early pregnancy

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Expression data from uterine tissue of Egr1 knockout mice.

Project description:Microarrays have been widely used to study estrogen responses, as estrogen-induced transcriptome changes significantly impact the uterus. This study investigates the gene expression profiling of Egr1 knockout (KO) mice treated with estrogen. Our goal is to identify transcriptomic features that differ between estrogen-treated Egr1 knockout uteri and wild-type (WT) uteri. We examined the gene expression patterns of 17 samples, consisting of Egr1 KO and WT uteri, at different time points: before estrogen treatment (0 h) and after treatment at 3 h, 6 h, and 24 h, using the MouseWG-6 V2 platform. Our findings indicate that Egr1 KO uteri exhibit dysregulation in reproductive and immune systems compared to WT uteri, and we observed altered insulin growth factor and PARylation activity related to uterine proliferation.

2025-06-09 | GSE270888 | GEO

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