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Role of Nutritional Status on Arsenic Toxicity in Daphnia pulex: A Transcriptomic Perspective on Individual and Interactive Effects

ABSTRACT: In this study, we investigated the individual and interactive effects of non acutely toxic arsenic exposure, low food quantity, and low dietary phosphorus on genome wide gene expression in the aquatic grazer Daphnia pulex. Our results show that phosphorus limitation was the dominant stressor as a main effect and as a co-stressor. Interaction terms with phosphorus produced exponentially more differentially expressed genes than main effects alone. Our results also indicate that the low phosphorus x arsenic interaction impacts Daphnia pulex gene expression greater than the low food x arsenic interaction. Importantly, all nutrient–arsenic interactions exhibited antagonistic gene expression patterns supporting a growing body evidence that arsenic behaves antagonistically as a co-stressor. This study provides novel mechanistic insight into how phosphorus content, rather than food quantity, modulates arsenic toxicity at the transcriptional level. By using gene expression to assess co-stressor interactions, our approach can help refine predictions of how nutritional status influences organismal responses to environmental contaminants.

ORGANISM(S): Daphnia pulex

PROVIDER: GSE341878 | GEO | 2026/08/05

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:"Gene response profiles for Daphnia pulex exposed to the environmental stressor cadmium reveals novel crustacean metallothioneins." Joseph.R.Shaw, John.K.Colbourne, Jennifer.C.Davey, Stephen.P.Glaholt, Thomas.H.Hampton, Celia.Y.Chen, Carol.L.Folt, Joshua.W.Hamilton (BMC Genomics 2007). Genomic research tools such as microarrays are proving to be important resources to study the complex regulation of genes that respond to environmental perturbations. A first generation cDNA microarray was developed for the environmental indicator species Daphnia pulex, to identify genes whose regulation is modulated following exposure to the metal stressor cadmium. Our experiments revealed interesting changes in gene transcription that suggest their biological roles and their potentially toxicological features in responding to this important environmental contaminant. Our microarray identified genes reported in the literature to be regulated in response to cadmium exposure, suggested functional attributes for genes that share no sequence similarity to proteins in the public databases, and pointed to genes that are likely members of expanded gene families in the Daphnia genome. Genes identified on the microarray also were associated with cadmium induced phenotypes and population-level outcomes that we experimentally determined. A subset of genes regulated in response to cadmium exposure was independently validated using quantitative-realtime (Q-RT)-PCR. These microarray studies led to the discovery of three genes coding for the metal detoxication protein metallothionein (MT). The gene structures and predicted translated sequences of D. pulex MTs clearly place them in this gene family. Yet, they share little homology with previously characterized MTs. The genomic information obtained from this study represents an important first step in characterizing microarray patterns that may be diagnostic to specific environmental contaminants and give insights into their toxicological mechanisms, while also providing a practical tool for evolutionary, ecological, and toxicological functional gene discovery studies. Advances in Daphnia genomics will enable the further development of this species as a model organism for the environmental sciences. Keywords: cDNA microarrays, stress response, expressed sequence tags (EST), Daphnia Genomics Consortium, Arthropod, Gene Expression Profiling, Gene Expression Regulation

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Role of Nutritional Status on Arsenic Toxicity in Daphnia pulex: A Transcriptomic Perspective on Individual and Interactive Effects

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