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INTEGRActiv cohorts study of children and adolescents microRNA expression based on miRNA count data

ABSTRACT: Regular physical activity (PA) is essential for children's health, and cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness are also key indicators of health status. However, their assessment remains challenging in routine clinical practice. Emerging biomarkers such as microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) may offer a reliable alternative. This study aimed to characterize circulating miRNA profiles in children across different weight categories and to evaluate their potential as biomarkers of PA amount and intensity, as well as predictors of cardiovascular and muscular fitness levels. Lower levels of physical activity among children with overweight or obesity were found than among children of normal weight. Correlations between plasma levels of 389 miRNAs and physical activity and muscular fitness parameters were analyzed in 84 children. Among them, 34 were positively or negatively correlated with the jump distance; 11 were positively correlated with the vigorous physical activity time (total or mean daily), and one with the moderate-to-vigorous PA time. Multivariate analysis revealed that vigorous physical activity was independently associated with the levels of two miRNAs, hsa-miR-1275 and hsa-miR-499a-5p. Our findings support the hypothesis that microRNAs hsa-miR-1275 and hsa-miR-499a-5p serve as biomarkers of vigorous physical activity and may act as molecular mediators in regulatory pathways involved in metabolic and endocrine homeostasis. Moreover, Small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) have recently gained attention as potential biomarkers and regulators of cardiometabolic health, notably piRNAs, which are recognized for their functions beyond genome protection in germ cells. Emerging evidence suggests that exercise can modulate circulating sncRNAs expression. This study aimed to investigate the associations between physical activity, weight status, and circulating piRNA levels in children, and to identify piRNAs associated with physical fitness, physical activity intensity and cardiometabolic health. Lower levels of physical activity among children with overweight or obesity were found compared to normal-weight children. Associations between plasma levels of 171 piRNAs, physical activity and muscular fitness parameters were analyzed in 84 children. 6 were positively or negatively correlated with the jump distance; 3 were positively correlated with the vigorous physical activity time, and 14 were negatively correlated with VO2 max/kg. Multivariate analysis revealed that vigorous physical activity was independently associated with two piRNAs plasma levels, hsa-piR-28192 and hsa-piR-32869. This is the first study which identify circulating piRNAs associated with habitual physical activity in children. These findings highlight the potential of piRNAs as novel biomarkers of exercise exposure and cardiometabolic health.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE345891 | GEO | 2026/09/06

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Physical activity is not only efficient for primary prevention of several cancer types, but it also plays an important role in cancer survivors. Physical activity after a cancer diagnosis has been associated with reduced overall and cancer-specific mortality. It has significant positive effects on physical fitness and several cancer-related symptoms including fatigue, sleep disturbance, depression and anxiety. The evidence is considerable and consistent for breast, colorectal and endometrial cancers. However, patients are generally insufficiently active, and participation rates in physical activity opportunities offered by specialized organizations are low. This pilot study will evaluate the feasibility, efficacy and cost-effectiveness of an intervention seeking to increase active lifestyle and physical activity participation of cancer patients. To encourage this behavioural change, motivational interviewing will be used, a patient-centred approach aimed at increasing the patients’ motivation for a behavioural change through open-ended discussions. Seventy patients with breast, colorectal or endometrial cancer will be recruited within a time period of 12 months. Patients will be randomly assigned to an intervention or a control group. The intervention group will receive standard care alongside 12 motivational interviewing sessions within 12 weeks. The control group will receive standard care only. Physical activity behaviour (3D-accelerometer) and physical fitness (cardiovascular and strength fitness) will be measured in the week preceding and following the intervention. Additionally, a subgroup from both study arms will be assessed 12 weeks after the completion of the intervention. The investigators hypothesize that sedentary time will decrease and time spent in moderate and vigorous physical activity, physical fitness and quality of life of cancer survivors will increase to a greater extent in the intervention group than in the control group. Furthermore, health-related quality of life and resource use (intervention and healthcare costs, out of pocket costs) will be measured to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of the intervention.

Project description:Background/Purpose: Prior studies show an independent association between greater physical activity and lower inflammatory markers among adults in the general population, but the impact of physical activity on systemic inflammation in people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) hasn’t been thoroughly investigated. We therefore aimed to determine whether physical activity behavior associates with differential expression of inflammatory genes in RA. Methods: Data derive from baseline assessments for a prospective observational cohort of patients with RA. At each study visit, we obtained detailed clinical information, collected peripheral whole blood for subsequent RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), and provided participants with actigraphs (GT9X ActiGraph Link device) to objectively measure physical activity by wearing the device at home for 7 consecutive 24-hour periods. Participants were categorized into three physical activity groups based on the highest (“active”), middle (“intermediate”), and lowest (“inactive”) tertiles for percentage of time spent in moderate/vigorous physical activity (metabolic equivalent (MET) level ≥2.00) across the sample. Results: There were 35 patients with complete clinical, actigraphy, and transcriptomic data available for analysis. The participants had a mean age of 56 years, were 90% female, and self-reported the following racial/ethnic identities: 32% white, 11% African American, 8% Asian, 40% Hispanic. Participants spent 48%, 41%, and 12% of time awake in sedentary, light, and moderate physical activity, respectively. None of the participants achieved vigorous activity. The patients in the most active group were younger but did not otherwise significantly differ by clinical and demographic characteristics compared to the other physical activity groups. However, in the differential gene expression analysis comparing the highest versus lowest physical activity tertiles, there were 365 up- and 402 down-regulated genes at an adjusted P value < 0.1. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed that the most physically active patients exhibited downregulation of diverse innate and adaptive immune signaling pathways. Assessment of upstream cytokine activation states demonstrated inhibition of type I, II and III interferons and activation of EPO in the highest physical activity tertile patients. Conclusion: Among a racially and ethnically diverse RA cohort, participants who spent more time in moderately intense physical activity had down-regulation of genes involved in both innate and adaptive immune signaling compared to those who were more sedentary. These findings provide mechanistic evidence to support a disease-modifying effect of physical activity in RA.

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INTEGRActiv cohorts study of children and adolescents microRNA expression based on miRNA count data

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