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Analysis of A375 and A375 clones that acquired resistance to GSK2118436 after treatment with GSK2118436 (GSK436), GSK1120212 (GSK212), or the combination of GSK2118436 and GSK1120212 for 24 hour

ABSTRACT: In an effort to understand the mechanisms of acquired resistance to BRAF inhibitors, we isolated clones that acquired resistance to the BRAF inhibitor GSK2118436 derived from the A375 BRAF V600E mutant melanoma cell line. This resistance clones acquired mutations in NRAS and MEK1. One clones, 16R6-4, acquired two mutations in NRAS – Q61K and A146T. Proliferation and western blot analyses demonstrated that these clones were insensitive to single agent GSK2118436 or GSK1120212 (an allosteric MEK inhibitor) but were sensitive to the combination of GSK2118436 and GSK1120212. To further characterize this combination, global transcriptomic analysis was performed in A375 and 16R6-4 after 24 hour treatment with GSK2118436, GSK1120212 or the combination of GSK2118436 and GSK1120212. This data set was published in Molecular Cancer Therapeutics with the title “Combined inhibition of BRAF and MEK, BRAF and PI3K/mTOR, or MEK and PI3K/mTOR overcomes acquired resistance to the BRAF inhibitor GSK2118436, mediated by NRAS or MEK mutations” by Greger, J.G., et.al.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE35230 | GEO | 2012/02/01

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA152855

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Analysis of A375 and A375 clones that acquired resistance to GSK2118436 after treatment with GSK2118436 (GSK436), GSK1120212 (GSK212), or the combination of GSK2118436 and GSK1120212 for 24 hour

Project description:In an effort to understand the mechanisms of acquired resistance to BRAF inhibitors, we isolated clones that acquired resistance to the BRAF inhibitor GSK2118436 derived from the A375 BRAF V600E mutant melanoma cell line. This resistance clones acquired mutations in NRAS and MEK1. One clones, 16R6-4, acquired two mutations in NRAS – Q61K and A146T. Proliferation and western blot analyses demonstrated that these clones were insensitive to single agent GSK2118436 or GSK1120212 (an allosteric MEK inhibitor) but were sensitive to the combination of GSK2118436 and GSK1120212. To further characterize this combination, global transcriptomic analysis was performed in A375 and 16R6-4 after 24 hour treatment with GSK2118436, GSK1120212 or the combination of GSK2118436 and GSK1120212. This data set was published in Molecular Cancer Therapeutics with the title “Combined inhibition of BRAF and MEK, BRAF and PI3K/mTOR, or MEK and PI3K/mTOR overcomes acquired resistance to the BRAF inhibitor GSK2118436, mediated by NRAS or MEK mutations” by Greger, J.G., et.al. A375 and 16R6-4 (an A375 derived GSK2118436 resistance clone) were treated for 24 hours with 0.1 micromolar GSK2118436, 1 micromolar GSK2118436, 0.01 micromolar GSK1120212, 0.1 micromolar GSK2118436 + 0.01 micromolar GSK1120212, or 1 micromolar GSK2118436 + 0.01 micromolar GSK1120212.

2012-02-01 | E-GEOD-35230 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Gene expression profiling of isogenic malignant melanoma A375-BRAFV600E/NRASQ61 and A375-BRAFV600E/NRASQ61K cell lines

Project description:BRAF-inhibitor (BRAFi)-resistance compromises long term survivorship of malignant melanoma patients, and mutant NRAS is a major mediator of BRAFi-resistance. We have employed NanoString nCounterTM transcriptomic analysis of isogenic human malignant melanoma cells that differ only by NRAS mutational status (BRAFi-sensitive A375-BRAFV600E/NRASQ61 versus BRAFi-resistant A375-BRAFV600E/NRASQ61K), identifying modulation of specific gene expression networks as a function of NRASQ61K-status.

2021-09-23 | GSE184633 | GEO

Gene expression of the A375 melanoma cell line treated with RAF inhibitors Vemurafenib and time-course with EGF stimulation during Vemurafenib RAF inhibitor treatment alone or with the MEK inhibitor Cobimetinib

Project description:We treated for 24 hours the BRAF-V600E melanoma cell line A375 with 7 doses of the RAF inhibitor Vemurafenib and, in a second experimental desing, we treated for 24 hours the BRAF-V600E melanoma cell line A375 with Vemurafenib (1 uM) alone or in combination with the MEK inhibitor Cobimetinib (1 uM) and subsequently stimulated with EGF in a time-course of 7 time points for up to 8 hours (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 8 hours).

2020-10-19 | GSE127988 | GEO

Durable Suppression of Acquired MEK Inhibitor Resistance in Cancer by Sequestering MEK from ERK and Promoting Anti-Tumor T-cell Immunity [single-cell RNA-seq]

Project description:Disruption of the MAPK pathway in cancer by kinase inhibition often fails due to pathway reactivation, causing clinical relapse. Among MAPK inhibitors, type I RAF inhibitors are only active against specific BRAF mutants; MEK inhibitor monotherapy is associated with limited clinical benefits but may serve as a foundation for combinatorial therapy. Here, we show that type II RAF plus allosteric MEK inhibitors durably blunt the development of acquired MEK inhibitor resistance among cancers with KRAS, NRAS, NF1, BRAFnon-V600 and BRAFV600 mutations, when compared to a combination of type II RAF plus ERK inhibitors. Type II RAF and MEK (versus ERK) inhibitors also display superior capacity to sequester MEK in RAF complexes and uncouple MEK and ERK interaction in acquired resistant tumor subpopulations. Systemically and intratumorally, type II RAF plus MEK inhibitors expand memory and activated/exhausted CD8+ T-cells. Whereas trametinib alone temporally reduces dominant intra-tumoral T-cell clones, type II RAF inhibitor co-treatment reverses this effect and promotes T-cell clonotypic expansion and convergence. Importantly, durably control of tumors by this combination requires CD8+ T-cells. Thus, the prolonged anti-tumor efficacy of type II RAF plus MEK inhibitors reveals exquisite MAPK addiction in common lethal cancer histologies, and the mechanisms include unexpected allosteric perturbation of the MAPK pathway and engagement of anti-tumor CD8+ T-cell immunity.

2021-06-06 | GSE158609 | GEO

Durable Suppression of Acquired MEK Inhibitor Resistance in Cancer by Sequestering MEK from ERK and Promoting Anti-Tumor T-cell Immunity [TCR-seq]

2021-06-06 | GSE158608 | GEO

Durable Suppression of Acquired MEK Inhibitor Resistance in Cancer by Sequestering MEK from ERK and Promoting Anti-Tumor T-cell Immunity [RNA-seq]

2021-06-06 | GSE158607 | GEO

RNA Seq data: A375, A375R, A375DR vorinostat treated, and biopy samples from patients pre- and post- treated with Vorinostat

Project description:BRAF(V600E) mutant melanomas treated with inhibitors of the BRAF and MEK kinases almost invariably develop resistance, which is frequently caused by reactivation of the Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) pathway. To identify novel treatment options for such patients, we searched for acquired vulnerabilities of MAPK inhibitor-resistant melanomas. We find that resistance to BRAF+MEK inhibitors is associated with increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Subsequent treatment with the histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) vorinostat represses SLC7A11 that leads to a lethal increase in the already elevated levels of ROS in drug-resistant cells, thereby causing selective apoptotic death of only the drug resistant tumor cells. Consistently, treatment of BRAF inhibitor-resistant melanoma with HDACi in mice results in a dramatic tumor regression. In a study in patients with advanced BRAF+MEK inhibitor resistant melanoma, we find that HDACi can selectively ablate drug-resistant tumor cells, providing clinical proof of concept for the novel therapy identified here.

2018-04-18 | GSE110948 | GEO

RNA-seq melanoma

2014-01-04 | GSE50535 | GEO

Expression data from BRAFV600E A375 melanoma cells treated with vehicle or vemurafenib

Project description:Vemurafenib is a BRAF inhibitor with specificity for the most common BRAF mutant encountered in melanomas (BRAFV600E). Vemurafenib suppresses the proliferation of BRAF mutant human melanoma cells by suppressing downstream activation of the MEK/ERK mitogen activated protein kinases. We used microarrays to examine the transcriptional response of a vemurafenib-sensitive BRAFV600E human melanoma cell line (A375) to vemurafenib in order to further delineate the mechanisms by which BRAFV600E drives cell proliferation and energy metabolism in human melanoma.

2014-05-20 | GSE42872 | GEO

RNA-seq melanoma

Project description:Using a chromatin regulator-focused shRNA library, we found that suppression of sex determining region Y-box 10 (SOX10) in melanoma causes resistance to BRAF and MEK inhibitors. To investigate how SOX10 loss leads to drug resistance, we performed transcriptome sequencing (RNAseq) of both parental A375 (Ctrl. PLKO) and A375-SOX10KD (shSOX10-1, shSOX10-2) cells. To ask directly whether SOX10 is involved indrug resistance in BRAF(V600E) melanoma patients, we isolated RNA from paired biopsies from melanoma patients (pre- and post- treatment) , that had gained BRAF or MEK inhibitor resistance . We performed RNAseq analysis to determine changes in transcriptome upon drug resistance. Investigate genes regulated by SOX10 and differntial gene expression between pre- and post-treatment biopsies. We use short hairpin RNA to suppression SOX10 in A375 cells and cells were harvested with trizol reagent for RNA isolation. For paired biopsies (patient samples) we collected the first biopsy before the initiation of treatment and the second biopsy after drug resistance developed. RNA was isolated from FFPE samples and subjected for RNA sequencing.

2014-01-04 | E-GEOD-50535 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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