Browse
Submit Data
Databases
API
Help

Dataset Information

0 Views

0 Connections

0 Citations

0 Reanalyses

0 Downloads

Omics score: 0

Temporally-regulated tRNA-derived small RNAs are associated primarily with non-polysomal fractions in Drosophila

ABSTRACT: Eukaryotic genomes contain various types of small non-coding RNAs such as microRNAs (miRNAs), silencing RNAs (siRNAs) and PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs). Recent studies point to the presence of a more diverse array of uncharacterized small regulatory RNAs including those that are generated from mRNAs, rRNAs and tRNAs. To explore the possible involvement of tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) in translational regulation, we fractionated 1 and 8h Drosophila embryos on sucrose density gradients and quantitatively measured by deep-dequencing the expression levels of the tRFs in the fractionated and unfractionated Drosophila embryonic cytosolic extracts. Analysis of 9,007,661 reads has revealed that tRFs, which are produced mainly from the 5’ends of a subset of tRNAs, are mostly associated with the non-polysomal fractions in Drosophila embryos. Quantitative analysis indicates that the expression levels of a subset of tRFs change temporally following the maternal-tozygotic transition in embryos. We detected non-polysomal association of tRFs in S2 cells as well. When transfected into S2 cells, the biotinylated tRFgly:GCC:5 co-fractionated with the non-polysomal complexes similar to the endogenous tRFgly:GCC:5 in embryos and S2 cells. These results suggest that the tRFs, which are much smaller in size than the stres-induced tRNA fragments, are generated selectively from a fraction of tRNAs and that they associate primarily with the non-polysomal complexes in Drosophila embryos and S2 cells.

ORGANISM(S): Drosophila melanogaster

PROVIDER: GSE35443 | GEO | 2018/02/12

REPOSITORIES: GEO

ACCESS DATA

Json Xml

Similar Datasets

Monitoring the differential expression of miRNAs, tRNAs and tRFs in lung cancer biopsies.

Project description:Translational rate has been deregulated in many cancers through small non-coding RNAs aberrations. Herein we focus on miRNAs, tRNAs and tRFs paterns in lung cancer biopsies.

2023-01-01 | GSE143694 | GEO

Extensive translation of small Open Reading Frames revealed by Poly-Ribo-Seq

Project description:We present a genome-wide assessment of small open reading frames (smORF) translation by ribosomal profiling of polysomal fractions in Drosophila S2 cell. In this way, mRNAs bound by multiple ribosomes and hence actively translated can be isolated and distinguished from mRNAs bound by sporadic, putatively non-productive single ribosomes or ribosomal subunits. Ribosomal profiling of large and small polysomal fractions in Drosophila S2 cells to assess translation of smORFs

2014-09-11 | E-GEOD-60384 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Differential expression of human tRNA genes drives the abundance of tRNA-derived fragments

Project description:The human genome encodes hundreds of tRNA genes but their individual contribution to the tRNA pool is not fully understood. Deep sequencing of tRNA transcripts (tRNA-Seq) can estimate tRNA abundance at single gene resolution, but tRNA structures and post-transcriptional modifications impair these analyses. Here we present a bioinformatics strategy to investigate differential tRNA gene expression and use it to compare tRNA-Seq datasets from cultured human cells and human brain. We find that sequencing caveats affect quantitation of only a subset of human tRNA genes. Unexpectedly, we detect several cases where the differences in tRNA expression among samples do not involve variations at the level of isoacceptor tRNA sets (tRNAs charged with the same amino acid but using different anticodons); but rather among tRNA genes within the same isodecoder set (tRNAs having the same anticodon sequence). Because isodecoder tRNAs are functionally equal in terms of genetic translation, their differential expression may be related to non-canonical tRNA functions. We show that several instances of differential tRNA gene expression result in changes in the abundance of tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) but not of mature tRNAs. Examples of differentially expressed tRFs include: PIWI-associated RNAs, tRFs present in tissue samples but not in cells cultured in vitro, and somatic tissue-specific tRFs. Our data support that differential expression of tRNA genes regulate non-canonical tRNA functions performed by tRFs.

2019-04-17 | GSE114904 | GEO

Extensive translation of small Open Reading Frames revealed by Poly-Ribo-Seq

2014-09-11 | GSE60384 | GEO

tRFs and tiRNA expression profile in human OA ACL cells and NA ACL cells.

Project description:tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) are new noncoding RNAs, and recent studies have shown that tRNAs and tRFs have important functions in cell metabolism via posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression. However, whether tRFs regulate cellular metabolism of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) remains elusive. The aim of this study was to investigate the role and action mechanism of tRFs in ACL cell metabolism. Arraystar_tRF&tiRNA was used to determine tRFs and tiRNA expression profiles in human OA ACL cells and NA ACL cells。

2022-04-12 | GSE200433 | GEO

Fragmentation of tRNA in Phytophthora infestans asexual life cycle stages and during host plant infection [life cycle]

Project description:Background: The oomycete Phytophthora infestans possesses active RNA silencing pathways, which presumably enable this plant pathogen to control the large numbers of transposable elements present in its 240 Mb genome. Small RNAs (sRNAs), central molecules in RNA silencing, are known to also play key roles in this organism, notably in regulation of critical effector genes needed for infection of its potato host. Results: In order to identify additional classes of sRNAs in oomycetes, we mapped deep sequencing reads to transfer RNAs (tRNAs) thereby revealing the presence of 19-40 nt tRNA-derived RNA fragments (tRFs). Northern blot analysis identified abundant tRFs corresponding to half tRNA molecules. Some tRFs accumulated differentially during infection, as seen by examining sRNAs sequenced from P. infestans-potato interaction libraries. The putative connection between tRF biogenesis and the canonical RNA silencing pathways was investigated by employing hairpin RNA-mediated RNAi to silence the genes encoding P. infestans Argonaute (PiAgo) and Dicer (PiDcl) endoribonucleases. By sRNA sequencing we show that tRF accumulation is PiDcl1-independent, while Northern hybridizations detected reduced levels of specific tRNA-derived species in the PiAgo1 knockdown line. Conclusions: Our findings extend the sRNA diversity in oomycetes to include fragments derived from non-protein-coding RNA transcripts and identify tRFs whose levels are elevated during infection of P. infestans on potato. Small RNA sequence data from two Phytophthora infestans isolates. Four life-cycle stages from each isolate. No replicates. Total number of samples: 8.

2014-12-12 | E-GEOD-62674 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Translation profiling of Arabidopsis cell cultures exposed to elevated temperature and high salinity

Project description:We investigated genome-wide changes in mRNA translation in Arabidopsis thaliana suspension cell cultures exposed to brief perids of two types of stress: elevated temperature (37 degree_C) and high salinity (200 mM NaCl). To this end, we subjected polysomal RNA and non-polysomal RNA from sucrose gradient fractionated cell lysates to the co-hybridization on Agilent Arabidopsis 3 Oligo Microarrays. The ratio of signal intensities (polysomal RNA: non-polysomal RNA) was used as an indicator of the translation state for each transcript. To inspect coordination of changes in translational profiles with transcriptional profiles, we also isolated total RNAs from the same cells used for translational profiling experiments and investigated changes in accumulated transcript levels in response to each stress using the microarray. Two biological replicates were analyzed.

2010-07-07 | E-DORD-69 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Fragmentation of tRNA in Phytophthora infestans asexual life cycle stages and during host plant infection [host plant infection]

Project description:Background: The oomycete Phytophthora infestans possesses active RNA silencing pathways, which presumably enable this plant pathogen to control the large numbers of transposable elements present in its 240 Mb genome. Small RNAs (sRNAs), central molecules in RNA silencing, are known to also play key roles in this organism, notably in regulation of critical effector genes needed for infection of its potato host. Results: To identify additional classes of sRNAs in oomycetes, we mapped deep sequencing reads to transfer RNAs (tRNAs) thereby revealing the presence of 19-40 nt tRNA-derived RNA fragments (tRFs). Northern blot analysis identified abundant tRFs corresponding to half tRNA molecules. Some tRFs accumulated differentially during infection, as seen by examining sRNAs sequenced from P. infestans-potato interaction libraries. The putative connection between tRF biogenesis and the canonical RNA silencing pathways was investigated by employing hairpin RNA-mediated RNAi to silence the genes encoding P. infestans Argonaute (PiAgo) and Dicer (PiDcl) endoribonucleases. By sRNA sequencing we show that tRF accumulation is PiDcl1-independent, while Northern hybridizations detected reduced levels of specific tRNA-derived species in the PiAgo1 knockdown line. Conclusions: Our findings extend the sRNA diversity in oomycetes to include fragments derived from non-protein-coding RNA transcripts and identify tRFs with elevated levels during infection of potato by P. infestans. Small RNA sequence data from Phytophthora infestans-infected potato leaf tissue and P. infestans mycelium tissue. Three infection stage time-points. Two P. infestans lines: 88089 (wild-type) and PiDcl1 (transformant PiDcl1 knock-down). No replicates. Total number of samples: 8.

2014-12-12 | E-GEOD-63292 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Quantification of tRNA-derived fragments in Arabidopsis and rice

Project description:Here, we adopt a method that combines tRNA-seq and cp-RNA-seq to identify and quantify tRFs and tRNAs in plants. We provide a high-quality expression atlas of tRFs and tRNAs in Arabidopsis and rice, and uncovers complex tRFs repertoire and the dynamic expressions of tRNA genes in plants.

2021-01-01 | GSE124608 | GEO

Expression data from polysomal, nonpolysomal, and total RNAs in the S. cerevisiae tRNA trafficking mutants, msn5 and mtr10

Project description:tRNAs are transcribed and partially processed in the nucleus before they are exported to the cytoplasm where they have an essential role in protein synthesis. Surprisingly, mature cytoplasmic tRNAs shuttle between nucleus and cytoplasm and its distribution is nutrient-dependent. At least three members of M-NM-2-importin family, Los1, Mtr10, and Msn5, function in tRNA nuclear-cytoplasmic intracellular movement. To test the hypothesis that the tRNA retrograde pathway regulates translation of particular transcripts We compared individual translation activity index (P/NP), obtained from the ratio of polysome-associated (P) to not associated (non-polysomal, NP) mRNAs, in the msn5M-NM-^T, mtr10M-NM-^T, and wild-type cells under fed or acute amino acid depletion conditions Polysome associated (P), not associated (non-polysomal, NP), and total (T) RNAs were isolated from yeast cells, including wild-type (BY4742), msn5 deletion, mtr10 deletion, grown in fed and 30-min amino acid starvation conditions

2013-09-01 | E-GEOD-47713 | biostudies-arrayexpress

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

OmicsDI is an Elixir interoperability service. Learn more ›

OmicsDI Databases

PRIDE
PeptideAtlas
MassIVE
JPOST Repository
Physiome Model Repository

EGA
EVA
ENA
LINCS
PAXDB
Cell Collective

MetaboLights
Metabolomics Workbench
MetabolomeExpress
GNPS
BioModels
FAIRDOMHub

ArrayExpress
dbGaP
ExpressionAtlas
GEO
NODE

Information

Databases
Help
API
Contact us
Code on GitHub
Terms of use
Submit Data