Huntington's disease: Gene expression changes caused by Hdh CAG mutation or 3-nitropropionic acid in striatal cells
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE3583 | GEO | 2007/06/20
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA93671
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Affymetrix MG430 2.0 expression levels of wild-type (STHdhQ7/Q7), 3NP-treated wild-type (STHdhQ7/Q7NP), and mutant (STHdhQ111/Q111) striatal cells Experiment Overall Design: Investigation of HD disease mechanism by gene expression profiling of two HD model systems
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Project description:To identify genes affected by mutant huntington protein, we performed mRNA-seq experiments with Striatal STHdh Q7/Q7, Q7Q111, and Q111/Q111 cells. We also tested the effect of Sp1 overexpression on rescuing gene expression in Q111/Q111 cells.
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Project description:Transcriptional changes are an early feature of Huntington's disease (HD). We profiled genome-wide interaction sites for the huntingtin protein (HTT) using ChIP-sequencing from mouse striatal tissue at 4 months of age. We include replicate samples from CAG-expanded murine Htt (heterozygous Q111/+) and wildtype littermate controls.
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Project description:Deregulated intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis underlies synaptic dysfunction and is a common feature in neurodegenerative processes, including Huntington's disease (HD). DREAM/calsenilin/KChIP-3 is a multifunctional Ca2+ binding protein that controls the expression level and/or the activity of several proteins related to Ca2+ homeostasis, neuronal excitability and neuronal survival. We found that expression of endogenous DREAM (DRE antagonist modulator) is reduced in the striatum of R6 mice, in STHdh-Q111/111 knock in striatal neurons and in HD patients. DREAM down regulation in R6 striatum occurs early after birth, well before the onset of motor coordination impairment, and could be part of an endogenous mechanism of neuroprotection, since i) R6/2 mice hemizygous for the DREAM gene (R6/2xDREAM+/-) showed delayed onset of locomotor impairment and prolonged lifespan, ii) motor impairment after chronic administration of 3-NPA was reduced in DREAM knockout mice and enhanced in daDREAM transgenic mice and, iii) lentiviral-mediated DREAM expression in STHdh-Q111/111 knock in cells sensitizes them to oxidative stress. Transcriptomic analysis showed that changes in gene expression in R6/2 striatum were notably reduced in R6/2xDREAM+/- striatum. Chronic administration of repaglinide, a molecule able to bind to DREAM in vitro and to accelerate its clearance in vivo, delayed the onset of motor dysfunction, reduced striatal loss and prolonged the lifespan in R6/2 mice. Furthermore, exposure to repaglinide protected STHdh-Q111/111 knock in striatal neurons sensitized to oxidative stress by lentiviral-mediated DREAM overexpression. Thus, genetic and pharmacological evidences disclose a role for DREAM silencing in early neuroprotective mechanisms in HD.
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Project description:Huntington Disease (HD) is a dominantly inherited, relentlessly progressive neurodegenerative disease. Caused by a polyglutamine expansion in the mutant huntingtin protein (mhtt), HD pathogenesis impairs function in the cerebral cortex and in medium spiny neurons of the striatum and involves transcriptional dysregulation of a number of genes. Of these genes, silencing of genes related to mitochondrial function is believed to explain metabolic dysfunction in rodent models of HD. Here we show that transglutaminase 2 (TG2), which is upregulated in HD, exacerbates transcriptional dysregulation by acting as a selective corepressor of nuclear genes. TG2 inhibition by RNA knockdown, genetic deletion, or administration of a novel irreversible, peptide-based TG2 inhibitor (ZDON) de-repressed two established regulators of mitochondrial function, PGC-1? and cytochrome c in a cell model of HD. TG2 must localize to non-coding or coding regions of these mitochondrial metabolic genes to silence their transcription. As expected, TG2 inhibition reversed the increased susceptibility of HD mouse cells and human HD myoblasts to the mitochondrial toxin, 3-nitroproprionic acid (3-NP); however, protection mediated by TG2 inhibition was not associated with improved mitochondrial bioenergetics. Indeed, an unbiased array analysis indicated that TG2 inhibition leads to normalization of not only mitochondrial genes but of nearly 40% of genes that are dysregulated in HD mouse striatal neurons, including chaperone and histone genes. Indeed, TG2 interacts directly with Histone 3 in the nucleus. Moreover, TG2 inhibition significantly attenuated photoreceptor degeneration in a Drosophila model of HD and protected mouse HD striatal neurons (YAC128) from NMDA- induced toxicity. Altogether these findings demonstrate that TG2 mediates its deleterious effects in HD by contributing to broad transcriptional dysregulation of genes representing many cellular functions. These studies define a novel HDAC-independent epigenetic strategy for treating neurodegeneration. To evaluate the effect of TG2 inhibition (treatment with ZDON, Boc-DON, CystamineA, and Control) in striatal cell lines from a transgenic model of Huntington disease (Q111) vs. control (Q7). One sample (WT.boc.3, 4068264015_G) failed the QC test and was excluded from further analyses.
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Project description:Although Huntington’s disease (HD) is a late onset neurological condition, studies suggest a developmental contribution to its adult manifestations. Imaging studies in presymptomatic HD gene carriers revealed early alterations in white matter tract with a marked defect in the corpus callosum. This tract is mainly formed by axons projecting from layer II/III neurons. HD leads to microtubule bundling defects in the growth cone, the cellular compartment that drives axonal growth. We performed a mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis of growth cones from WT (HdhQ7/Q7) and HD (HdhQ7/Q111) mice to identify proteins involved in HD-induced phenotypes on axonal growth and on the growth cone microtubule cytoskeleton.
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Project description:Huntington disease (HD) is associated with increased nuclear accumulation of the repressor element-1 silencing transcription factor (REST) which govens a huge gene network. An alternative REST splicing event (∆E3) eliminates a motif essential for nuclear targeting of REST. We used Affymetrix’s GeneChip® Mouse Gene 2.0 ST Array to compare global transcription between STHdhQ111/Q111 cells (a cell model of HD) treated with specific antisense oligos (ASOs) inducing ∆E3 and a control oligo, with a comparison to normal STHdhQ7/Q7 cells.
2016-01-25 | GSE77194 | GEO
Project description:Selective degeneration of striatal projection neurons is one of the main features of Huntington’s disease (HD). The differences between vulnerable and resilient striatal cell types and cell type-specific molecular events associated with HD progression have not been established. Here we employed fluorescence-activated nuclear sorting (FANS) and deep molecular profiling to gain insight into the properties of different cell types of the human striatum in HD and control donors.
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Project description:The widespread adoption of transcriptional profiling has led to immense repositories of data that may contain critical insights for developing new therapies. Current approaches to mining these data largely rely on binary classifications of disease versus control. These methods are not able to incorporate measures of disease severity, which are often available. We report an analytical approach to integrate ordinal clinical information with transcriptomics. We have applied this method to public data for a large cohort of Huntington’s disease patients and controls, identifying and prioritizing phenotype-associated genes. To validate the approach, we have performed viability, siRNA knockdown, mRNA-seq, and ChIP-seq on striatal precursor cells expressing either full-length wild type (STHdh Q7) or mutant huntingtin (STHdh Q111). We have verified the role of a high-ranked gene in dysregulation of sphingolipid metabolism in the disease and demonstrated that inhibiting the enzyme, SPL, has neuroprotective effects in HD models. We have shown that one consequence of inhibiting SPL is the intracellular inhibition of HDACs, thus linking our observations in sphingolipid metabolism to a well-characterized HD pathway. Our approach is easily applied to any data with ordinal clinical measurements, and may deepen our understanding of disease processes.
2017-05-11 | GSE98739 | GEO
Project description:The widespread adoption of transcriptional profiling has led to immense repositories of data that may contain critical insights for developing new therapies. Current approaches to mining these data largely rely on binary classifications of disease versus control. These methods are not able to incorporate measures of disease severity, which are often available. We report an analytical approach to integrate ordinal clinical information with transcriptomics. We have applied this method to public data for a large cohort of Huntington’s disease patients and controls, identifying and prioritizing phenotype-associated genes. To validate the approach, we have performed viability, siRNA knockdown, mRNA-seq, and ChIP-seq on striatal precursor cells expressing either full-length wild type (STHdh Q7) or mutant huntingtin (STHdh Q111). We have verified the role of a high-ranked gene in dysregulation of sphingolipid metabolism in the disease and demonstrated that inhibiting the enzyme, SPL, has neuroprotective effects in HD models. We have shown that one consequence of inhibiting SPL is the intracellular inhibition of HDACs, thus linking our observations in sphingolipid metabolism to a well-characterized HD pathway. Our approach is easily applied to any data with ordinal clinical measurements, and may deepen our understanding of disease processes.
2017-05-11 | GSE98738 | GEO