ChIP-seq of chromatin modifications and factors associated with transcriptionally active regions of the genome in mES cells
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE36561 | GEO | 2012/03/17
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA153441
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:Post-translational modification of histones are coupled to transcription where certain modifications are indicative of an active or inactive region of the genome. Additionally, protein complexes can regulate the placement of nucleosomes across the genome and this influences the ability of DNA-binding proteins to interact with regions of the genome. The datasets presented here are ChIP-seq datasets for chromatin modifications associated with active or poised genes (H2Bub, H3K9,K14Ac and H3K4me3). Brg1 is a subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex. An antibody specific to the chromatin modification or indicated factor was used to enrich for DNA fragments in murine embryonic stem cells. DNA was purified and prepared for Illumina/Solexa sequencing following their standard protocol.
2012-03-17 | E-GEOD-36561 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:In eukaryotes, chromatin-based mechanisms superimpose with DNA sequence information to determine the transcriptional output of the genome. Therefore, evaluating the role of chromatin modifications in the regulation of gene expression is key to understand the contribution of chromatin state variations to development. Recent studies identified several transcriptional coactivators that contribute to selectively regulate cellular pathways by coordinating histone H2B monoubiquitination (H2Bub) with other histone modifications. Although H2Bub is present on a large number of genes, loss of H2B monoubiquitination activity was shown to affect RNA steady levels for a small subset of genes and therefore its influence on gene expression is not well understood. In this study we assessed the impact of H2Bub on dynamic expression changes during a rapid developmental tranistion that initiates only when exposing plants to light. This revealed that H2Bub deposition is highly dynamic in a genomic context. Furthermore, plants lacking histone H2B monoubiquitination activity were impaired for rapid changes of RNA levels for a large repertoire of genes, indicating that H2Bub is important for attaining appropriate expression levels /in fine/. Finally, the detection power of the genomic approach has allowed us to define a set of genes impacted by H2Bub dynamics for rapid changes in RNA levels. The purpose of this study was to integrate the genome-wide distribution of H2Bub chromatin mark together with transcriptome profiles of wild-type and /hub1 /mutant plants (accession GSE21922) at three time points during early photomorphogenesis H2Bub epigenome in 5-day-old dark-grown seedlings, H2Bub epigenome in 5-day-old dark-grown seedlings +1h light, and H2Bub epigenome in 5-day-old dark-grown seedlings +6h light 2 biological replicates for each time point in dye-swap - ChIP-chip
2013-03-13 | E-GEOD-36515 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Formation of the blood from self-renewing hematopoietic stem cells to terminal lineages necessarily involves epigenomic modifications of the genome to control regulator and signature gene expression. By analysing the global expression profiles of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), in vivo differentiated CD4+ T cells and CD19+ B cells as well as in vitro differentiated erythrocyte precursor cells, we identified hundreds of transcripts showing type-specific expression in these cell types. To understand the epigenomic changes related to tissue-specific expression during HSC differentiation, we examined the genome-wide distribution of H3K4me1, H3K4me3, H3K27me1, H3K27me3, histone variant H2A.Z, chromatin remodeler BRG1, and RNA Polymerase II in the same four cell types, as well as embryonic stem cells. Analysis of these datasets revealed that numerous key differentiation genes are primed for expression by Brg1 and Pol II binding, as well as bivalent modifications in the HSCs prior to their expression in downstream differentiated cell types. Much of this bivalency in HSC is retained from embryonic stem cells. After differentiation, these modified regions resolve to active chromatin modification configuration in the specific lineage, while in parallel differentiated lineages the bivalent modification remains; Pol II and Brg1 are lost in closer lineages but bivalency resolves to silent monovalency in more distant lineages. Correlation of tissue-specific gene expression with the epigenomic changes predicts tens of thousands of potential common enhancers and tissue-specific enhancers, which may critically contribute to the expression patterns. We provide a valuable dataset for further understanding the regulatory mechanisms of differentiation and function of blood lineages. This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below. Refer to individual Series.
2013-03-25 | E-GEOD-39229 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Formation of the blood from self-renewing hematopoietic stem cells to terminal lineages necessarily involves epigenomic modifications of the genome to control regulator and signature gene expression. By analysing the global expression profiles of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), in vivo differentiated CD4+ T cells and CD19+ B cells as well as in vitro differentiated erythrocyte precursor cells, we identified hundreds of transcripts showing type-specific expression in these cell types. To understand the epigenomic changes related to tissue-specific expression during HSC differentiation, we examined the genome-wide distribution of H3K4me1, H3K4me3, H3K27me1, H3K27me3, histone variant H2A.Z, chromatin remodeler BRG1, and RNA Polymerase II in the same four cell types, as well as embryonic stem cells. Analysis of these datasets revealed that numerous key differentiation genes are primed for expression by Brg1 and Pol II binding, as well as bivalent modifications in the HSCs prior to their expression in downstream differentiated cell types. Much of this bivalency in HSC is retained from embryonic stem cells. After differentiation, these modified regions resolve to active chromatin modification configuration in the specific lineage, while in parallel differentiated lineages the bivalent modification remains; Pol II and Brg1 are lost in closer lineages but bivalency resolves to silent monovalency in more distant lineages. Correlation of tissue-specific gene expression with the epigenomic changes predicts tens of thousands of potential common enhancers and tissue-specific enhancers, which may critically contribute to the expression patterns. We provide a valuable dataset for further understanding the regulatory mechanisms of differentiation and function of blood lineages. ChIP-Seq: profiling of DNA-associated proteins in blood cell subsets.
2013-03-25 | E-GEOD-39538 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:In eukaryotes, chromatin-based mechanisms superimpose with DNA sequence information to determine the transcriptional output of the genome. Therefore, evaluating the role of chromatin modifications in the regulation of gene expression is key to understand the contribution of chromatin state variations to development. Recent studies identified several transcriptional coactivators that contribute to selectively regulate cellular pathways by coordinating histone H2B monoubiquitination (H2Bub) with other histone modifications. Although H2Bub is present on a large number of genes, loss of H2B monoubiquitination activity was shown to affect RNA steady levels for a small subset of genes and therefore its influence on gene expression is not well understood. In this study we assessed the impact of H2Bub on dynamic expression changes during a rapid developmental tranistion that initiates only when exposing plants to light. This revealed that H2Bub deposition is highly dynamic in a genomic context. Furthermore, plants lacking histone H2B monoubiquitination activity were impaired for rapid changes of RNA levels for a large repertoire of genes, indicating that H2Bub is important for attaining appropriate expression levels /in fine/. Finally, the detection power of the genomic approach has allowed us to define a set of genes impacted by H2Bub dynamics for rapid changes in RNA levels. The purpose of this study was to integrate the genome-wide distribution of H2Bub chromatin mark together with transcriptome profiles of wild-type and /hub1 /mutant plants (accession GSE21922) at three time points during early photomorphogenesis
2013-03-13 | GSE36515 | GEO
Project description:Cell fate transitions involve integration of genomic information encoded by regulatory elements, such as enhancers, with the cellular environment. However, identification of the genomic sequences that control the earliest steps of human embryonic development represents a formidable challenge. Here we show that in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) unique chromatin signatures identify two distinct classes of genomic elements, both of which are marked by the presence of chromatin regulators p300 and BRG1, and monomethylation of histone H3 at lysine 4 (H3K4me1). In addition, the elements of the first class are distinguished by the acetylation of histone H3 at lysine 27 (H3K27ac), overlap with previously characterized enhancers active in hESCs, and are generally located proximally to genes expressed in hESCs and in the epiblast. In contrast, the elements within the second class, which we termed M-bM-^@M-^\poised enhancersM-bM-^@M-^], are distinguished by the absence of H3K27ac, enrichment of histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) and are linked to genes inactive in hESCs and involved in orchestrating early steps in mammalian development, such as gastrulation, mesoderm formation and neurulation. Consistent with the poised identity, during differentiation of hESCs to neuroepithelium, a neuroectoderm-specific subset of these elements acquires a chromatin signature associated with active enhancers. Remarkably, when assayed in zebrafish embryos, human poised enhancer elements are able to direct cell type and stage specific expression patterns characteristic of their proximal developmental gene, even in the absence of sequence conservation in the fish genome. Our data demonstrate that enhancers are epigenetically pre-marked and suggest a heretofore unappreciated role of H3K27me3 at distal regulatory elements. Moreover, the unique chromatin signature associated with poised enhancers allowed us to uncover over 2,000 putative developmental regulatory sequences, thereby creating an invaluable resource for future studies and isolation of transient, rare cell populations representing early steps of human development. For GSM602289-90: RNA-seq experiments in human ESC and neuroectodermal (NEC) speheres For GSM602291-303: Genome-wide analysis of p300, H3K4me3, H3K4me1, H3K27me3 and H3K27ac in human embryonic stem cells (ESC) and neuroectoderm cells (NEC). Additionally, in H9 ESC ChIP-seq were alsoe obtained for BRG1 and FAIRE-seq was also performed.
2010-12-15 | E-GEOD-24447 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:We investigated the genome-wide occupancy changes in normal and Brg1-deleted mesoderm differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells of chromatin regulators and histone modifications. ChIP exo for BRG1 in 2 conditions: Day4 THF (Control) and Day4 4OHT (Brg1-deleted). 1-2 replicates per condition.
2015-03-01 | E-GEOD-63976 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:BRG1, an ATPase catalytic subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex, has been identified as a tumor suppressor protein, as it has been shown to play a role in Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER) of CPDs, suppress apoptosis, and restore checkpoint deficiency, in response to UV exposure. Although BRG1 has been shown to regulate transcription of some genes that are instrumental in proper DNA damage repair and cell cycle maintenance in response to UV, its role in transcriptional regulation of the whole genome in response to UV has not yet been elucidated. With whole genome expression profiling in SW13 cells, we show that upon UV induction, BRG1 regulates transcriptional expression of many genes involved in cell stress response. Additionally, our results also highlight BRG1’s general role as a master regulator of the genome, as it transcriptionally regulates approximately 4.8% of the human genome, including expression of genes involved in many pathways. SW13 cells without or with BRG1 protein exrpession were treated with UV-C (10 J/m2) or mock treated. Cells were incubated for 6 hrs after UV or mock treaments, total RNA was prepared using TRIZOL reagent (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA), followed by the RNeasy kit (Qiagen, Valencia, CA), according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Three independent biological replicates of SW13+pREP7 and SW13+pREP7+BRG1 were subjected to microarray analysis using Affymetrix U133 plus 2.0 gene chip. Target synthesis and GeneChip hybridization, washing, staining, and scanning were performed at the Molecular Biology Core at Washington State University. Microarray output was examined visually for excessive background noise and physical anomalies. The default MAS statistical values were used for all analyses. All probe sets on each array were scaled to a mean target signal intensity of 125, with the signal correlating to the amount of transcript in the sample. An absolute analysis using MAS was performed to assess the relative abundance of the 47,000 represented transcripts and variants, including 38,500 human genes, based on signal and detection
2014-07-21 | E-GEOD-59445 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Ubiquitylation of H2B on lysine 120 (H2Bub) is associated with active transcriptional elongation. H2Bub has been implicated in histone cross-talk and is generally regarded to be a prerequisite for H3K4 and H3K79 tri-methylation in both yeast and mammalian cells. We performed a genome-wide analysis of epigenetic marks during muscle differentiation, and, strikingly, we observed a near-complete loss of H2Bub in the differentiated state. We examined the basis for global loss of this mark and found that the H2B ubiquitin E3 ligase, RNF20, was depleted from chromatin in differentiated myotubes, indicating that recruitment of this protein to genes substantially decreases upon differentiation. Remarkably, during the course of myogenic differentiation, we observed retention and acquisition of H3K4 tri-methylation on a large number of genes in the absence of detectable H2Bub. The Set1 H3K4 trimethylase complex was efficiently recruited to a subset of genes in myotubes in the absence of detectable H2Bub, accounting in part for H3K4 tri-methylation in myotubes. Our studies suggest that H3K4me3 deposition in the absence of detectable H2Bub in myotubes is mediated via Set1 and, perhaps, MLL complexes, whose recruitment does not require H2Bub. Thus, muscle cells represent a novel setting in which to explore mechanisms that regulate histone cross-talk. Mapping of H2Bub in growing myoblasts (MB) and fully differentiated myotubes (MT).
2012-03-06 | E-GEOD-34960 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Formation of the blood from self-renewing hematopoietic stem cells to terminal lineages necessarily involves epigenomic modifications of the genome to control regulator and signature gene expression. By analysing the global expression profiles of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), in vivo differentiated CD4+ T cells and CD19+ B cells as well as in vitro differentiated erythrocyte precursor cells, we identified hundreds of transcripts showing type-specific expression in these cell types. To understand the epigenomic changes related to tissue-specific expression during HSC differentiation, we examined the genome-wide distribution of H3K4me1, H3K4me3, H3K27me1, H3K27me3, histone variant H2A.Z, chromatin remodeler BRG1, and RNA Polymerase II in the same four cell types, as well as embryonic stem cells. Analysis of these datasets revealed that numerous key differentiation genes are primed for expression by Brg1 and Pol II binding, as well as bivalent modifications in the HSCs prior to their expression in downstream differentiated cell types. Much of this bivalency in HSC is retained from embryonic stem cells. After differentiation, these modified regions resolve to active chromatin modification configuration in the specific lineage, while in parallel differentiated lineages the bivalent modification remains; Pol II and Brg1 are lost in closer lineages but bivalency resolves to silent monovalency in more distant lineages. Correlation of tissue-specific gene expression with the epigenomic changes predicts tens of thousands of potential common enhancers and tissue-specific enhancers, which may critically contribute to the expression patterns. We provide a valuable dataset for further understanding the regulatory mechanisms of differentiation and function of blood lineages. RNA-Seq: This submission comprises RNA-Seq profiling of in vivo differentiated human B cells and hematopoietic stem cells. Re-analyzed data for three cell types: The HSCs were previously uploaded as GSM651554 (SRX037948), but processed differently for this upload. The erythrocyte precursors and T cells have also been previously uploaded as GSM651555 (SRX037949) and GSM406414 (SRX005317), respectively. They were treated as in GSM651554, but processed as here. The processed files generated by our re-analysis are linked below as supplementary files.
2013-03-25 | E-GEOD-39537 | biostudies-arrayexpress