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The effects of infection with wild-type or mutant cucumber mosaic virus on the Arabidopsis transcriptome

ABSTRACT: The cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) 2b counter-defense protein disrupts plant antiviral mechanisms mediated by RNA silencing and salicylic acid (SA). Using NASC ATH-1 microarrays to investigate defensive gene expression in 2b-transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants we found that, surprisingly, 2b inhibited expression of few SA-regulated genes and in some instances enhanced the effect of SA on certain genes. Strikingly, the 2b protein inhibited changes in the expression of 90% of genes regulated by jasmonic acid (NASCARRAYS-415: Lewsey et al. Molec. Plant-Microbe Interact. vol. 23, in press). We will extend this work to understand the effects of the 2b protein on plant gene expression during an authentic viral infection. By comparing the effects on the transcriptome of infection by wild-type CMV and the 2b gene deletion mutant, CMVÃ¢Ëâ 2b, we will reveal not only the influence of the 2b protein but also the effects of its interactions with other viral gene products (and the process of infection itself), on the host transcriptome.

ORGANISM(S): Arabidopsis thaliana

PROVIDER: GSE37921 | GEO | 2012/05/15

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA166915

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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The effects of infection with wild-type or mutant cucumber mosaic virus on the Arabidopsis transcriptome

Project description:The cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) 2b counter-defense protein disrupts plant antiviral mechanisms mediated by RNA silencing and salicylic acid (SA). Using NASC ATH-1 microarrays to investigate defensive gene expression in 2b-transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants we found that, surprisingly, 2b inhibited expression of few SA-regulated genes and in some instances enhanced the effect of SA on certain genes. Strikingly, the 2b protein inhibited changes in the expression of 90% of genes regulated by jasmonic acid (NASCARRAYS-415: Lewsey et al. Molec. Plant-Microbe Interact. vol. 23, in press). We will extend this work to understand the effects of the 2b protein on plant gene expression during an authentic viral infection. By comparing the effects on the transcriptome of infection by wild-type CMV and the 2b gene deletion mutant, CMVÃ¢Ëâ 2b, we will reveal not only the influence of the 2b protein but also the effects of its interactions with other viral gene products (and the process of infection itself), on the host transcriptome. 9 samples were used in this experiment

2012-05-14 | E-GEOD-37921 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Virus-derived siRNAs in Arabidopsis thaliana

Project description:We investigated the role of A. thaliana RDRs in the RNAi-mediated viral immunity by using a mutant of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) that does not express the VSR protein 2b. CMV contains three positive-strand genomic RNAs and the 2b protein encoded by RNA2 is essential for infection by suppressing antiviral silencing initiated by either DCL4 or DCL2. Our results demonstrate an essential role for the amplification of viral siRNAs by either RDR1 or RDR6 in antiviral silencing. Further analyses, including Illumina sequencing of more than 3.5 million viral siRNAs, indicated target specificity of the two antiviral RDRs.

2010-01-20 | GSE19965 | GEO

Small RNAs from Arabidopsis plants infected with CMV-?2b

Project description:We focused our analyses on the description of viral (CMV-?2b) and, based on genetic and molecular evidence, classified them and discussed their relevance in antiviral defense. Small RNAs from Arabidopsis plants from different genetic backgrounds infected with (CMV-?2b) were sequenced before or after immunoprecipitation with antibodies against key proteins involved in antiviral defense.

2012-03-01 | E-GEOD-27477 | biostudies-arrayexpress

CMV 2b immunoprecipitated small RNAs data set

Project description:We report that CMV2b exist in a complex of sRNAs in arabidopsis, with significant preference to repeat-associated AGO4-related 24nt siRNAs. This differential selection of siRNAs in vivo helps CMV 2b to perturb host epigenetic defense in the form of transposons activation and severeal repeat associated loci hypomethylation. Examination of CMV 2b presence in sRNAs complex in vivo

2013-01-18 | E-GEOD-23771 | biostudies-arrayexpress

A resilient mutualistic interaction between cucumber mosaic virus and its natural host Arabidopsis halleri to adapt to an environmental change

Project description:A pseudometallophyte Arabidopsis halleri is frequently found to be infected with cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) in its natural habitat. The purpose of this study is to elucidate the effect of CMV infection on its natural hosts. The CMV(Ho) strain isolated from A. halleri was inoculated into clonal A. halleri plants that were obtained from runners of mother plants, and the pathosystem consisting of CMV(Ho) and its natural host A. halleri was established.In low heavy metal environment, the CMV(Ho) infection caused growth retardation in the above-ground part (stems and leaves) of host plants, and thereby conferred strong drought tolerance on host plants. On the other hand, in high heavy metal environment, which simulates a natural habitat for A halleri, the CMV(Ho) infection did not cause any symptoms to host plants and conferred mild drought tolerance. And the result of transcriptome analysis suggests that CMV(Ho) is recognized as a symbiont rather than a pathogen by its host plant. These results indicate a resilient mutualistic interaction between CMV(Ho) and its natural host A. halleri to adapt to an environmental change.

2022-03-05 | GSE197739 | GEO

Small RNAs from Arabidopsis plants infected with CMV-∆2b

Project description:We focused our analyses on the description of viral (CMV-∆2b) and, based on genetic and molecular evidence, classified them and discussed their relevance in antiviral defense.

2012-03-01 | GSE27477 | GEO

Salicylic Acid Suppresses Apical Hook Formation via NPR1-Mediated Repression of EIN3/EIL1 in Arabidopsis

Project description:Salicylic acid (SA) and ethylene (ET) are two important plant hormones that regulate numerous plant growth, development, and stress response processes. Previous studies have suggested functional interplay of SA and ET in defense response, but precisely how these two hormones co-regulate plant growth and development processes remains unclear. The present findings reveal an antagonism between SA and ET in apical hook formation, a process that ensures successful soil emergence of dicotyledonous etiolated seedlings. Exogenous SA inhibited the ET-induced expression of HOOKLESS1 (HLS1) in a manner dependent on ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE3 (EIN3)/EIN3-LIKE1 (EIL1), the core transcription factors in the ET signaling pathway. We found that SA-activated NONEXPRESSER OF PR GENES1 (NPR1) physically interacted with EIN3 and interfered with the direct binding of EIN3 to target gene promoters, including the HLS1 promoter. Transcriptomic analysis further revealed that NPR1 and EIN3/EIL1 coordinately regulated subsets of genes that mediate plant growth and stress responses, suggesting that the interaction between NPR1 and EIN3/EIL1 might be an important mechanism for integrating the SA and ET signaling pathways in multiple physiological processes. Taken together, our findings shed light on the molecular mechanism underlying SA regulation of apical hook formation as well as the antagonism between SA and ET in early seedling establishment and possibly other physiological processes.

2020-08-20 | GSE137212 | GEO

RNAseq of proneural glioblastoma stem-like cells 72 hours after infection with human cytomegalovirus (CMV) Towne strain

Project description:This study was performed in order to determine the gene expression changes associated with CMV infection of glioblastoma cells. CMV has been associated with gliobalstoma but its effects are not well characterized.

2019-02-02 | E-MTAB-7613 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Rhesus placenta transcriptome in the setting of congenital RhCMV infection

Project description:Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common congenital infection worldwide, causing deafness and neurodevelopmental delay in infected infants. Preexisting maternal immunity to CMV is known to influence the incidence and severity of congenital infection. To establish the role of maternal antibody in protection against placental CMV transmission, 6 rhesus CMV (RhCMV)-seronegative rhesus monkey dams were CD4+ T cell depleted at the end of the first trimester of pregnancy and treated with either a single dose of standardly-produced hyperimmune globulin (HIG) (n=3) or a dose-optimized regimen of a potently-neutralizing HIG (n=3) prior to IV inoculation with a mixture of RhCMV strains. Passive infusion with HIG provided complete protection against fetal loss (0/6 HIG-treated vs. 5/6 control dams aborted; p=0.015). Furthermore, the dose-optimized, highly-neutralizing HIG product reduced the magnitude and diversity of maternal plasma RhCMV populations and inhibited placental transmission of RhCMV (0/3 transmitted), suggesting that pre-existing highly-neutralizing antibodies are sufficient to prevent congenital CMV infection and disease. In this study, we sought to investigate the placental transcriptome to determine whether: a) RhCMV congenital infection was being controlled at the level of the placenta, b) what genes are up-regulated following RhCMV congenital infection, and c) whether there are any genes associated with protection against viral infection.

2016-09-28 | GSE87395 | GEO

Reprogramming of RNA silencing triggered by Cucumber Mosaic Virus infection in Arabidopsis

Project description:RNA silencing has an important role mediating sequence-specific virus resistance. Here, we analyzed in detail the interference of Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV) with the RNA silencing machinery of Arabidopsis thaliana. We detected that CMV infection induced the production of viral small interfering RNAs (vsiRNAs) that account for a significant part of the sRNome affecting the levels of other sRNA classes. Furthermore, we analyzed the incorporation of vsiRNAs into the main ARGONAUTE (AGO) proteins with a described antiviral role and the viral RNA silencing suppressor (VRS) 2b, by combining protein immunoprecipitation with sRNA high-throughput sequencing. vsiRNAs accumulated to high levels in AGO2, followed by AGO1, AGO5 and AGO7. Interestingly, vsiRNAs represented a significant percentage of AGO-loaded sRNAs and displaced other endogenous sRNAs. As a countermeasure, the VSR 2b loaded vsiRNAs and mRNA-derived siRNAs, which affected the expression of the genes they derived from. Additionally, we analyzed how vsiRNAs incorporated into the endogenous RNA silencing pathways by exploring their target mRNAs using parallel analysis of RNA end (PARE) sequencing. This strategy allowed us to identify 61 genes with degradome data supporting their vsiRNA-mediated cleavage. This work exemplifies the complex relationship of RNA viruses with the endogenous RNA silencing machinery and the multiple aspects of virus resistance and virulence that this interaction induces.

2021-12-01 | GSE169677 | GEO

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