Identification of gonadotropin-responsive genes in fish testis
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Oncorhynchus mykiss
PROVIDER: GSE39465 | GEO | 2012/10/22
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA170922
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:In all vertebrates, the dual function of testis (production of sexual steroids and production of gametes) is mainly regulated by two gonadotropic pituitary hormones, FSH and LH. However, in fish the biological activities of the two hormones are not still clearly delineated and moreover, their molecular mechanisms are yet poorly understood. In this study we investigated the effects of FSH and LH on testicular gene expression, in the rainbow trout, at two developmental stages I-II and III (I: spermatogonia only, II: active spermatogonia proliferation, III: meiosis onset with the appearance of spermatocytes and round spermatids). Testes were collected from all-male population rainbow trout and incubated in six replicates for 96 hours, at 12°C, in the absence or presence of purified salmonid gonadotropins, FSH and LH (500 ng/mL).
2012-10-22 | E-GEOD-39465 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:From mammals to fish, gametogenesis and sexual maturation are driven by luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), the gonadotropic hormones temporally secreted from the pituitary. Teleost fish are an excellent model for addressing the unique regulation and function of each gonadotropin cell because, unlike mammals, they synthesize and secrete LH and FSH from distinct cells. Only two very distant vertebrate classes (fish and birds), demonstrate the mono-hormonal strategy suggesting a potential convergent evolution. By performing cell specific transcriptome analysis of double-labelled transgenic Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) expressing GFP and RFP in LH or FSH cells, respectively, we identified genes specifically enriched in each cell type, revealing differences in hormone regulation, receptors expression, cell signaling, and electrical properties. We found that each LH and FSH cell in fish express unique GPCR signature that reveals the direct regulation of metabolic and homeostatic hormones. Comparing these novel transcriptomes to that of rat gonadotrophs revealed conserved genes that might specifically contribute to each gonadotropin activity in mammals, suggesting conserved mechanisms controlling the differential regulation of gonadotropins in vertebrates.
2020-10-14 | GSE159470 | GEO
Project description:Inter-organ communication is a major hallmark of health and is often orchestrated by hormones released by the anterior pituitary gland. Pituitary gonadotropes secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) to regulate gonadal function and control fertility. Whether FSH and LH also act on organs other than the gonads is debated. Here, we found that gonadotrope depletion in adult female mice triggers profound hypogonadism, obesity, glucose intolerance, fatty liver, and bone loss. The absence of sex steroids precipitates these phenotypes, with the notable exception of fatty liver, which results from ovary-independent actions of FSH. We uncover paracrine FSH action on pituitary corticotropes as a novel mechanism to restrain the production of corticosterone and prevent hepatic steatosis. Our data demonstrate that functional communication of two distinct hormone-secreting cell populations in the pituitary regulates hepatic lipid metabolism.
2023-01-11 | GSE216096 | GEO
Project description:Effects of the absence of a functional LH receptor and/or expression of a constitutively active FSH receptor on gene expression in the gonads of male mice were studied. The results provide insights into the roles of the hormones LH and FSH in male reproduction. The main conclusion is that constant strong FSH stimulation is able to rescue the impaired spermatogenesis and fertility of male mice in the absence of LH signalling.
2016-01-20 | GSE76945 | GEO
Project description:Effects of the absence of a functional LH receptor and/or expression of a constitutively active FSH receptor on gene expression in the gonads of male mice were studied. The results provide insights into the roles of the hormones LH and FSH in male reproduction. The main conclusion is that constant strong FSH stimulation is able to rescue the impaired spermatogenesis and fertility of male mice in the absence of LH signalling. Total RNA was obtained from testis of 12 weeks old mice of different genotypes and extracted using Trizol followed by clean up with Qiage RNeasy MinElute Cleanup Kit
2016-01-20 | E-GEOD-76945 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Fertility critically depends on the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) pulse generator, a neural construct comprised of hypothalamic neurons coexpressing kisspeptin, neurokoinin-B and dynorphin. Here, using mathematical modeling and in vivo optogenetics we reveal for the first time how this neural construct initiates and sustains the appropriate ultradian frequency essential for reproduction. Prompted by mathematical modeling, we show experimentally using female estrous mice that robust pulsatile release of luteinizing hormone, a proxy for GnRH, emerges abruptly as we increase the basal activity of the neuronal network using continuous low-frequency optogenetic stimulation. Further increase in basal activity markedly increases pulse frequency and eventually leads to pulse termination. Additional model predictions that pulsatile dynamics emerge from nonlinear positive and negative feedback interactions mediated through neurokinin-B and dynorphin signaling respectively are confirmed neuropharmacologically. Our results shed light on the long-elusive GnRH pulse generator offering new horizons for reproductive health and wellbeing.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) pulse generator controls the pulsatile secretion of the gonadotropic hormones LH and FSH and is critical for fertility. The hypothalamic arcuate kisspeptin neurons are thought to represent the GnRH pulse generator, since their oscillatory activity is coincident with LH pulses in the blood; a proxy for GnRH pulses. However, the mechanisms underlying GnRH pulse generation remain elusive. We developed a mathematical model of the kisspeptin neuronal network and confirmed its predictions experimentally, showing how LH secretion is frequency-modulated as we increase the basal activity of the arcuate kisspeptin neurons in vivo using continuous optogenetic stimulation. Our model provides a quantitative framework for understanding the reproductive neuroendocrine system and opens new horizons for fertility regulation
Model is encoded by Johannes and submitted to BioModels by Ahmad Zyoud.
2022-01-20 | BIOMD0000000931 | BioModels
Project description:Human granulosa cells are follicular cells surrounding the oocyte. Human granulosa cells are retrieved during in vitro fertilization a process where patients undergo hormonal stimulation including FSH and LH/hCG stimulation. Under the influence of the luteinizing hormone (LH) a process called luteinization they differentiate to luteal cells and contribute to the corpus luteum. Therefore, this cellular system is a good model for human corpus luteum (CL). To study processes within the human CL, IVF-derived GCs from patients were cultured for two to five days and then analyzed with mass spectrometry based shotgun proteomics.
2019-03-07 | PXD010658 | Pride
Project description:Effects of lack of functional LH receptor and/or a constitutively active FSH receptor on gene expression in the ovaries of female mice were studied. The results suggest that transgenic expression of the mouse Fshr in granulosa cells leads to abnormal ovarian structure/function and infertility. This finding indicates that gain-of-function mutations of the Fshr in female mice bring about distinct and clear changes in ovarian function.
2016-02-03 | GSE77479 | GEO
Project description:Introduction: reproduction in fish, as in all vertebrates, is regulated by GnRH control on gonadotropic hormones (GTH) activity. However, the neuroendocrine factors that promote GnRH and GTH activity are unknown. In Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), sexual activity and the ability to reproduce depend on social rank; only dominant males and females reproduce. Here, this characteristic of dominant fish allows us to compare brain and pituitary gene expression in animals that do and do not reproduce, aiming to reveal mechanisms that regulate reproduction. Methods: an extensive transcriptome analysis was performed, combining two sets of transcriptomes: a novel whole-brain and pituitary transcriptome of established dominant males identified by behavioral assays, together with a cell-specific transcriptome of LH and FSH cells. Results: in most dominant fish, as determined behaviorally, the gonadosomatic index (GSI) was higher than in subordinate fish, and the leading upregulated pituitary genes were those coding for GTHs. In the brain, various neuropeptide genes, including oxytocin, cholecystokinin, and MCH, were upregulated; these may be related to reproductive status through effects on behavior and feeding. In a network analysis combining the two transcriptome sets, brain aromatase (cyp19a1b), which is specifically expressed in LH cells, is the most central gene with the highest number of connections. Conclusions: the close correlation between behavioral dominance and reproductive capacity in tilapia allows us to unravel novel genes that may partake in the regulation of the HPG axis, highlighting aromatase as an important factor in integrating the brain and pituitary factors that maintain a sexually active organism.
2022-04-30 | GSE169272 | GEO
Project description:We recently demonstrated that Fsh modifies in vitro the testicular transcriptome of rainbow trout at early stages of spermatogenesis. Some of the regulated genes were found related to pathways highly relevant for the testicular functions i.e. spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis. Unlike in mammals, in fish both gonadotropins are able to efficiently stimulate the steroidogenesis, likely through a direct interaction with their cognate receptors present on the Leydig cells. In this context, we wondered whether the effects of Fsh on the tubular compartment were mediated through the production of steroids. To address this issue we performed in vitro incubations of testis explants in the presence of Fsh alone or in combination with an inhibitor of the steroidogenesis, the trilostane. Trilostane significantly reduced or suppressed the response to Fsh of many genes showing that important aspects of the Fsh action on fish testis is indirect and requires the production of steroids. Interestingly, most of the genes regulated in response to Fsh through the steroid mediation were similarly regulated by Lh and many were also found regulated by androgen treatment. On the other hand, for many other genes the response to Fsh was not affected in the presence of trilostane. A majority of those genes were also preferentially regulated by Fsh, as compared to Lh, suggesting that specific regulatory effects of Fsh were independent of steroid production. Finally antagonistic effects between Fsh and steroids were found, in particular for genes encoding clue factors of steroidogenesis or for genes of the Igf system that tended to be inhibited by androgens.
2013-09-23 | GSE46458 | GEO