Plant Elongator in light signaling
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Arabidopsis thaliana
PROVIDER: GSE42053 | GEO | 2018/01/23
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Elongator is a highly conserved protein complex required for transcriptional elongation, intracellular transport and translation. Elongator complex protein 1 (ELP1) is the scaffolding protein of Elongator and is essential for its assembly and stability. Familial dysautonomia (FD), a hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy, is caused by a mutation in ELP1 that lead to a tissue-specific reduction of ELP1 protein. Our work to generate a phenotypic mouse model for FD led to the discovery that homozygous deletion of the mouse Elp1 gene leads to embryonic lethality prior to mid-gestation. Given that FD is caused by a reduction, not loss, of ELP1, we generated two new mouse models by introducing different copy numbers of the human FD ELP1 transgene into the Elp1 knockout mouse (Elp1-/-) and observed that human ELP1 expression rescues embryonic development in a dose dependent manner. We then conducted a comprehensive transcriptome analysis in mouse embryos to identify genes and pathways whose expression correlates with the amount of ELP1. We found that ELP1 is essential for the expression of genes responsible for the formation and development of the nervous system. Further, gene length analysis of the differentially expressed genes showed that the loss of Elp1 mainly impacts the expression of long genes and that by gradually restoring Elongator their expression is progressively rescued. Finally, through evaluation of co-expression modules, we identified gene sets with unique expression patterns that depended on ELP1 expression. Overall, this study highlights the crucial role of ELP1 during early embryonic neuronal development and reveals gene networks and biological pathways that are regulated by Elongator.
2021-10-25 | GSE186465 | GEO
Project description:The highly conserved eukaryotic Elongator complex performs specific chemical modifications on wobble base uridines of tRNAs, which are essential for proteome stability and homeostasis. The complex is formed by six individual subunits (Elp1-6) that are all equally important for its tRNA modification activity. However, its overall architecture and the detailed reaction mechanism remain elusive. Here, we report the structures of the fully assembled yeast Elongator and the Elp123 sub-complex solved by an integrative structure determination approach showing that two copies of the Elp1, Elp2 and Elp3 subunits form a two-lobed scaffold, which binds Elp456 asymmetrically. Our topological models are consistent with previous studies on individual subunits and further validated by complementary biochemical analyses. Our study provides a structural framework on how the tRNA modification activity is carried out by Elongator.
2016-12-20 | PXD005251 | Pride
Project description:Cancer genomics has illuminated a wide spectrum of genes and core molecular processes contributing to human malignancy. Still, the genetic and molecular basis of many cancers remains only partially explained. Genetic predisposition accounts for 5-10% of cancer diagnoses and genetic events cooperating with known somatic driver events are poorly understood. Analyzing established cancer predisposition genes in medulloblastoma (MB), a malignant childhood brain tumor, we recently identified pathogenic germline variants that account for 5% of all MB patients. Here, by extending our previous analysis to include all protein-coding genes, we discovered and replicated rare germline loss-of-function (LoF) variants across Elongator Complex Protein 1 (ELP1) on 9q31.3 in 15% of pediatric MBSHH cases, thus implicating ELP1 as the most common MB predisposition gene and increasing genetic predisposition to 40% for pediatric MBSHH. Inheritance was verified based on parent-offspring and pedigree analysis, which identified two families with a history of pediatric MB. ELP1-associated MBs were restricted to the molecular SHH subtype and were characterized by universal biallelic inactivation of ELP1 due to somatic loss of chromosome 9q. The majority of ELP1-associated MBs exhibited co-occurring somatic PTCH1 (9q22.32) alterations, suggesting that ELP1-deficiency predisposes to tumor development in combination with constitutive activation of SHH signaling. ELP1 is an essential subunit of the evolutionary conserved Elongator complex, whose primary function is to enable efficient translational elongation through tRNAs modifications at the wobble (U34) position. Biochemical, transcriptional, and proteomic analyses revealed that ELP1-associated MBSHH are characterized by a destabilized core Elongator complex, loss of Elongator-dependent tRNA modifications, codon-dependent translational reprogramming, and induction of the unfolded protein response (UPR), consistent with deregulation of protein homeostasis due to Elongator-deficiency in model systems. Our findings suggest that genetic predisposition to proteome instability is a previously underappreciated determinant in the pathogenesis of pediatric brain cancer. These results provide strong rationale for further investigating the role of protein homeostasis in other pediatric and adult cancer types and potential opportunities for novel therapeutic interference.
2020-04-23 | PXD016832 | Pride
Project description:To identify genes involved in the early phases of lateral root initiation, we profiled the transcriptomes of plants synchronously induced for lateral root initiation after 0, 1, 2, 4 and 6h of auxin treatment in conditions where IAA14 or IAA3-dependent auxin signaling is blocked. For this we used seedlings expressing non-degradable versions of the AUX/IAAs IAA14 (slr-1) or IAA3 (shy2-2) fused to the glucocorticoid receptor domain (slr-1:GR or shy2-2:GR) under the control of the pericycle and founder cell specific GATA23 promoter. Treatment with dexamethasone induces, specifically in pericycle cells, the nuclear translocation of the non-degradable AUX/IAA that acts as a dominant repressor of auxin signaling resulting in a complete block of lateral root formation
2018-11-20 | GSE122677 | GEO
Project description:Cancer genomics has illuminated a wide spectrum of genes and core molecular processes contributing to human malignancy. Still, the genetic and molecular basis of many cancers remains only partially explained.
Genetic predisposition accounts for 5-10% of cancer diagnoses and genetic events cooperating with known somatic driver events are poorly understood.
Analyzing established cancer predisposition genes in medulloblastoma (MB), a malignant childhood brain tumor, we recently identified pathogenic germline variants that account for 5% of all MB patients.
Here, by extending our previous analysis to include all protein-coding genes, we discovered and replicated rare germline loss-of-function (LoF) variants across Elongator Complex Protein 1 (ELP1) on 9q31.3 in 15% of pediatric MBSHH cases, thus implicating ELP1 as the most common MB predisposition gene and increasing genetic predisposition to 40% for pediatric MBSHH.
Inheritance was verified based on parent-offspring and pedigree analysis, which identified two families with a history of pediatric MB. ELP1-associated MBs were restricted to the molecular SHHa subtype and were characterized by universal biallelic inactivation of ELP1 due to somatic loss of chromosome 9q.
The majority of ELP1-associated MBs exhibited co-occurring somatic PTCH1 (9q22.32) alterations, suggesting that ELP1-deficiency predisposes to tumor development in combination with constitutive activation of SHH signaling.
ELP1 is an essential subunit of the evolutionary conserved Elongator complex, whose primary function is to enable efficient translational elongation through tRNAs modifications at the wobble (U34) position.
Biochemical, transcriptional, and proteomic analyses revealed that ELP1-associated MBSHH are characterized by a destabilized core Elongator complex, loss of Elongator-dependent tRNA modifications, codon-dependent translational reprogramming, and induction of the unfolded protein response (UPR), consistent with deregulation of protein homeostasis due to Elongator-deficiency in model systems.
Our findings suggest that genetic predisposition to proteome instability is a previously underappreciated determinant in the pathogenesis of pediatric brain cancer. These results provide strong rationale for further investigating the role of protein homeostasis in other pediatric and adult cancer types and potential opportunities for novel therapeutic interference.
| EGAS00001004126 | EGA
Project description:The Leigh syndrome is a severe inborn neurodegenerative encephalopathy that is commonly associated with pyruvate metabolism defects. The transcription factor E4F1, a key regulator of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC), was previously found to be mutated in Leigh syndrome patients but the molecular mechanisms leading to cell death in E4F1-deficient neurons remain unknown. Here, we show that E4F1 coordinates a transcriptional program involved in AcetylCoenzyme A (AcCoA) production by the PDC and its utilization by the Elongator complex to acetylate tRNAs and thereby enhance protein translation fidelity in the central nervous system. E4F1 directly regulates the expression of Dlat and Elp3, two genes encoding key subunits of the PDC and the Elongator complex. Consistently, genetic inactivation of E4f1 in neurons during mouse embryonic development decreased the activity of the PDC and of the Elongator complex, resulting in impaired tRNAs editing and the induction of an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress / unfolded protein response (UPR) that led to neuronal cell death and microcephaly. Impaired expression of ELP3 and activation of an ATF-driven UPR response was also observed in fibroblasts from Leigh syndrome patients harboring a homozygous E4F1K144Q mutation. Our findings identify a novel crosstalk between pyruvate metabolism and the regulation of protein translation that is perturbed in Leigh syndrome patients.
2022-12-20 | GSE158595 | GEO
Project description:Familial dysautonomia (FD) results from mutation in IKBKAP/ELP1, a gene encoding the scaffolding protein for the Elongator complex. This highly conserved complex is required for the translation of codon-biased genes in lower organisms. Here we investigate whether Elongator serves a similar function in mammalian peripheral neurons, the population devastated in FD. Using codon-biased eGFP sensors, and multiplexing of codon usage with transcriptome and proteome analyses of over 6,000 genes, we identify two categories of genes, as well as specific gene identities that depend on Elongator for normal expression. Moreover, we show that multiple genes in the DNA damage repair pathway are codon-biased, and that with Elongator loss, their misregulation is correlated with elevated levels of DNA damage. These findings link Elongator's function in the translation of codon-biased genes with both the developmental and neurodegenerative phenotypes of FD, and also clarify the increased risk of cancer associated with the disease.
2018-04-25 | GSE80130 | GEO
Project description:Elongator complex Elp1-6 purified from Saccharomyces cerevisiae was analysed by crosslinking mass spectrometry.
2022-11-24 | PXD038060 | JPOST Repository
Project description:The deposited data concern the mapping of acetylation sites on wild-type and the K280A, Y363A mutants of Elp3 by LC-MS/MS.
Abstract of the manuscript:
tRNA modifications affect ribosomal elongation speed and co-translational folding dynamics. The Elongator complex is responsible for introducing 5-carboxymethyl at wobble uridine bases (cm5U34) in eukaryotic tRNAs. However, the structure and function of human Elongator remain poorly understood. In this study, we present a series of cryo-EM structures of human ELP123 in complex with tRNA and cofactors at four different stages of the reaction cycle. The structures at resolutions of up to 2.9 A together with complementary functional analyses reveal the molecular mechanism of the modification reaction. Our results show that tRNA binding exposes a universally conserved uridine at position 33 (U33), which triggers acetyl-CoA (ACO) hydrolysis. We identify a series of conserved residues that are crucial for the radical-based acetylation of U34 and profile the molecular effects of patient-derived mutations. Together, we provide the first high-resolution view of human Elongator and reveal its detailed mechanism of action.
| MSV000092998 | MassIVE
Project description:Aim of the experiment was to compare the gene expression responses of long-term hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and myeloid-restricted progenitors (MyPs) to the hematopoietic cell-restricted deletion of the catalytic subunit Elp3 of the Elongator complex. Since Elp3 deletion resulted in activation of the p53 pathway, we also studied the transcriptome of MyPs deficient for Trp53 or for both Elp3 and Trp53. The Elp3fl/fl strain was generated in house and first described in (DOI: 10.1084/jem.20142288). The Trp53 strain was first described in (DOI: 10.1101/gad.14.8.994) and was purchased from the Jackson Laboratory. Littermates of 8-12 weeks old were used in all experiments.
2020-12-10 | E-MTAB-6992 | biostudies-arrayexpress