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Nuclear Receptor Corepressors are Required for the Histone Deacetylase Activity of HDAC3 In Vivo (ChIP-Seq)

ABSTRACT: We report the genomic regions enriched in Histone Deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) in mouse livers. We also report the change of HDAC3 occupancy upon DAD mutations in NCOR and SMRT.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE42540 | GEO | 2013/01/01

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA182239

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Nuclear Receptor Corepressors are Required for the Histone Deacetylase Activity of HDAC3 In Vivo (ChIP-Seq)

Project description:We report the genomic regions enriched in Histone Deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) in mouse livers. We also report the change of HDAC3 occupancy upon DAD mutations in NCOR and SMRT. HDAC3 enriched genomic regions in WT and NS-DADm mice livers using Illumina GAIIx.

2013-01-01 | E-GEOD-42540 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Nuclear Receptor Corepressors are Required for the Histone Deacetylase Activity of HDAC3 In Vivo

Project description:Histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) is an epigenome-modifying enzyme that is required for normal mouse development and tissue-specific functions. In vitro, HDAC3 protein itself has minimal enzyme activity, but gains its histone deacetylation function from stable association with the conserved deacetylase activation domain (DAD) contained in nuclear receptor corepressors NCOR1 and SMRT. Here we show that HDAC3 enzyme activity is undetectable in mice bearing point mutations in the DAD of both NCOR1 and SMRT (NS-DADm), despite normal levels of HDAC3 protein. Local histone acetylation is increased, and genomic HDAC3 recruitment is reduced though not abrogated. Remarkably, the NS-DADm mice are born and live to adulthood, whereas genetic deletion of HDAC3 is embryonic lethal. These findings demonstrate that nuclear receptor corepressors are required for HDAC3 enzyme activity in vivo, and suggest that a deacetylase-independent function of HDAC3 may be required for life. This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below. Refer to individual Series.

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HDAC3 ensures stepwise epidermal stratification via NCoR/SMRT-reliant mechanisms independent of its histone deacetylase activity (HDAC3 NCoRSMRT microarray)

Project description:Chromatin modifiers play critical roles in epidermal development, but the functions of histone deacetylases in this context are poorly understood. We find that the Class I HDAC, HDAC3, is expressed broadly in embryonic epidermis, and is required for its orderly stepwise stratification. Stability of HDAC3 protein in vivo is reliant on NCoR and SMRT, which function redundantly in epidermal development. However, point mutations in the NCoR and SMRT Deacetylase Activating Domains, which are required for HDAC3’s enzymatic function, permit normal stratification, indicating that HDAC3’s roles in this context are independent of its histone deacetylase activity. HDAC3 functions both in conjunction with, and independent of, KLF4 to repress premature expression of different sets of terminal differentiation genes and suppresses expression of inflammatory cytokines through a RelA-dependent mechanism. These data identify HDAC3 as a hub coordinating multiple aspects of epidermal barrier acquisition. We used microarrays to determine transcriptional changes in Hdac3 deleted epidermis compared to control and Ncor1/Ncor2 deleted epidermis compared to control.

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Nuclear Receptor Corepressors are Required for the Histone Deacetylase Activity of HDAC3 In Vivo (Microarray)

Project description:We report the hepatic gene expression changes in NCOR and SMRT DADm-mutated mice.

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The reducing equivalent NADPH dictates histone acetylation via direct inactivation of HDAC3

Project description:NADPH has been long well-recognized as a key cofactor for antioxidant defense and reductive biosynthesis. Here we report a metabolism-independent function of NADPH in modulating epigenetic status and transcription. We found that reduction of cellular NADPH levels by silencing malic enzyme (ME) or G6PD impairs global histone acetylation and transcription in both adipocytes and tumor cells. These effects can be reversed by supplementation of exogenous NADPH or inhibition of histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3). Mechanistically, NADPH or inhibition of histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3). Mechanistically,NADPH directly interacts with HDAC3 and interrupts the association between HDAC3 and its co-activator Ncor2 (SMRT) or Ncor1, thereby impairs HDAC3 activation. Interestingly, it appears that NADPH and Ins(1,4,5,6)P4 bind to the same domains on HDAC3, and NADPH has relatively higher affinity towards HDAC3. Thus, while Ins(1,4,5,6)P4 acts as an ‘intermolecular glue’, NADPH may function as a HDAC3-Ncor assembly inhibitor. Collectively, our findings uncovered a previous unidentified and metabolism-independent role of NADPH in controlling epigenetic change and gene expression by acting as an endogenous inhibitor of HDAC3.

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Separation of transcriptional repressor and activator functions in HDAC3 [CUT&TAG]

Project description:The histone deacetylase HDAC3 is associated with the NCoR/SMRT co-repressor complex and its canonical function is in transcriptional repression, but it can also activate transcription. Here we show that the repressor and activator functions of HDAC3 can be genetically separated in Drosophila. A lysine substitution in the N-terminus (K26A) disrupts its catalytic activity and activator function, whereas a combination of substitutions (HEBI) abrogating the interaction with SMRTER enhance repressor activity beyond wild-type in the early embryo. We conclude that the critical functions of HDAC3 in embryo development involve catalytic-dependent gene activation and non-enzymatic repression by several mechanisms, including tethering of loci to the nuclear periphery.

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