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Feed restriction, but not L-carnitine infusion, affects the liver transcriptome with an evident and inhibition of energy production and sterol synthesis and increase of gluconeogenesis in mid-lactating dairy cows

ABSTRACT: Feed restriction and L-carnitine infusion are known to affect the liver metabolism of dairy cows. In the present experiment the effects on liver transcriptome of feed restriction and L-carnitine abomasal infusion and the interaction of the two in mid-lactation Holstein dairy cows was assessed. Data clearly indicated a lack of transcriptomics effect by L-carnitine but a strong effect due to feed restriction. The functional analysis identified a overall reduction of cholesterol synthesis and oxidative phosphorylation and data suggested an increase flux toward gluconeogenesis and fatty acid oxidation.

ORGANISM(S): Bos taurus

PROVIDER: GSE43307 | GEO | 2013/01/07

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA185393

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Feed restriction, but not L-carnitine infusion, affects the liver transcriptome with an evident and inhibition of energy production and sterol synthesis and increase of gluconeogenesis in mid-lactating dairy cows

Project description:Feed restriction and L-carnitine infusion are known to affect the liver metabolism of dairy cows. In the present experiment the effects on liver transcriptome of feed restriction and L-carnitine abomasal infusion and the interaction of the two in mid-lactation Holstein dairy cows was assessed. Data clearly indicated a lack of transcriptomics effect by L-carnitine but a strong effect due to feed restriction. The functional analysis identified a overall reduction of cholesterol synthesis and oxidative phosphorylation and data suggested an increase flux toward gluconeogenesis and fatty acid oxidation. The liver biopsy was performed after 14 days of treatment in 8 Holstein dairy cows in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangment with 5 days washout between treatments. A dye-swap reference design (reference = mixture of RNA from several bovine tissues) was used.

2013-01-07 | E-GEOD-43307 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Milk microRNA variations in different milk compartments during feed restrictions of different intensities in dairy cows

Project description:In dairy cows, milk production and composition are affected by numerous factors, including diet. Milk is the body fluid with the highest RNA concentration, including numerous microRNA. These microRNA presence in the different milk compartments is still poorly documented and the effect of feed restriction on milk miRNome has not been described yet. The aim of this study was to describe the effects of feed restrictions of different intensitizes on milk compartment miRNome composition. Two feed restriction trials were performed on lactating dairy cows, one of high intensity and one of moderate intensity. 2 896 mature microRNA were identified in milk, including 1 493 that were already known in bovine specie. Among the 1 095 miRNA that were abundant enough to be informative, 10% were exclusive to one milk compartment and the abundance of 155 varied between compartments, revealing a specific miRNome for each milk fraction. Feed restriction affected differently these miRNome, with microRNA in whole milk and milk extracellular vesicles being the most affected and microRNA in fat globules and exfoliated mammary epithelial cells being relatively or completely unaffected. Target prediction of known microRNA that varied under feed restriction reflected modification of some key pathways for lactation related to milk fat and protein metabolisms, cell cycle and stress responses. These findings open up opportunities for future research on the use of milk miRNA as biomarkers of energy status in dairy cows.

2023-05-31 | GSE207759 | GEO

Comparison of L-carnitine treated day 6 in vivo bovine embryos to controls, in both the Jersey and Holstein breeds.

Project description:The decreased rate of pregnancy obtained in cattle using frozen in vitro embryos compared to in vivo embryos has been associated with over-accumulation of intracellular lipid, which causes cell damage during cryopreservation. It is believed that the higher lipid content of blastomeres of bovine embryos produced in vitro results in darker coloured cytoplasm which could be a consequence of impaired mitochondrial function. In this study, L-carnitine was used as a treatment to reduce embryonic lipid content by increasing metabolism in cultured bovine embryos. We have observed previously that in vivo embryos of different dairy breed collected from cows housed and fed under the same conditions differed in lipid content and metabolism. As such, breed effects between Holstein and Jersey were also accounted for general appearance, lipid composition, mitochondrial activity and gene expression. Adding L-carnitine to the embryo culture medium reduced the lipid content in both breeds due to increased mitochondrial activity. L-carnitine vs controls, in 4 replicates for each breed, with dye-swaps.

2014-10-23 | E-GEOD-62595 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Milk proteins as a feed restriction signature in dairy cows

Project description:Milk production in dairy cows is affected by numerous factors, including diet. Feed restriction is known to have little impact on milk total protein content but its effect on the fine protein composition is still poorly documented. The objective of this study was to describe the effects of two feed restriction trials of different intensities on the milk protein composition of Holstein cows. One restriction trial was short and of high intensity (SH), the second was long and of moderate intensity (LM). Feed restriction decreased the milk protein yield for caseins under the LM trial and of all six major milk proteins under the SH trial. These decreased yields lead to lower concentrations of αs1-, αs2- and β-caseins during the SH trial. The milk proteome was affected as a function of restriction intensity. Among the 345 proteins identified eight varied under the LM trial and 160 under the SH trial. Ontology analyses revealed their implication in carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolisms as well as in the immune system. These proteins reflected adaptations of the animal and mammary gland physiology to feed restriction and constituted a signature of this change.

2022-11-10 | PXD033969 | Pride

Proteomic analysis of adipose tissue revealing differentially abundant proteins in highly efficient mid-lactating cows

Project description:The current situation of rising demand for animal products and sustainable resource usage, improving nutrient utilization efficiency in dairy cows is an important task. Understanding the biology of feed efficiency in dairy cows enables for the development of markers that may be used to identify and choose the best animals for animal production. Thus in this study, ten Holstein cows were evaluated for feed efficiency and adipose tissue samples from five high efficient and five low efficient dairy cows were collected for protein extraction, digestion and data were analyzed for differential abundant proteins enriched in feed efficiency pathways. Among the identified peptides, we found 110 DAPs and two protein networks significantly related to feed efficiency. Among the relative mRNA expression of genes involved in energy metabolism including transcription/translation (STAT2, DDX39A and RBM39) or protein transport (ITGAV), only RBM39 showed significant decrease in high efficient dairy cows. The findings presented here confirmed the Transferrin upregulated in pathways including acute phase response signaling, LXR/RXR activation, FXR/RXR activation of high efficient dairy cows supporting that these pathways are related to feed efficiency in dairy cows.

2022-08-12 | PXD029328 | Pride

cow carnitine

Project description:Microbiome clusters disclose physiologic variances in dairy cows

| PRJEB44871 | ENA

Comparison of L-carnitine treated day 6 in vivo bovine embryos to controls, in both the Jersey and Holstein breeds.

2014-10-23 | GSE62595 | GEO

carnitine effect-Effect of carnitine on the transcriptome of A. thaliana

Project description:rs07-01_carnitine - carnitine effect - Effect of carnitine on the transcriptome of A. thaliana - Our objective is the description of the existence of an intracellular transport depend on the carnitine at Arabidopsis thaliana. For that, we planned the study of the response of the transcriptome in the presence of exogenic L-carnitine. Seedlings WT are cultivated on medium MS, 6 independent times. At 144h, the seedlings are collected and pools are formed with 3 samples. We proceed in the same way for the seedlings which are cultivated on medium MS containing L-carnitine 5mM. Keywords: treated vs untreated comparison

2008-03-05 | GSE10676 | GEO

Cow mammary gland miRNomes before and after food restriction

Project description:Effect of feed restriction in mid lactation Holstein (H) and Montbéliarde (M) cows on mammary glande miRNA profil.

2021-03-10 | GSE146762 | GEO

Effect of lifelong carnitine supplementation on plasma and tissue carnitine status, hepatic lipid metabolism and stress signaling pathways and skeletal muscle transcriptome in mice at advanced age

Project description:Despite this large body of evidence from clinical studies that an improvement of carnitine status has beneficial effects on metabolic health, serious safety concerns with carnitine supplementation have been raised based on the recent observation that longterm carnitine supplementation (from weaning to 5 mo of age) in a transgenic mouse model of atherosclerosis (Apoe-/- mice) promotes atherosclerosis through gut microbiota-dependent formation of trimethylamine (TMA) and subsequent hepatic conversion into proatherogenic TMA-N-oxide (TMAO) (Koeth et al., 2013). In addition, Lu et al. (2017) found that carnitine supplementation to normal mice for 3 mo induces oxidative stress, liver inflammation, liver lipid accumulation and even liver damage as well as hypercholesterinemia. However, it has to be mentioned that the carnitine dose administered to the mice in the abovementioned studies was extremely high. In order to address whether safety concerns are founded under conditions of longterm supplementation of a carnitine dose used in clinical trials, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of almost lifelong daily administration of a carnitine-supplemented diet (1 g/kg diet) to mice from weaning to 18 mo of age. Considering a body weight of 50 g for an adult mice and a daily feed intake of 5 g, the daily intake of this diet results in a daily carnitine dose of 100 mg/kg body weight which better reflects the dose used in clinical trials. In order to evaluate possible detrimental effects of carnitine supplementation, we investigated parameters of lipid metabolism and stress signaling pathways in the liver and performed a genome-wide transcriptome analysis of skeletal muscle in the mice at advanced age.

2018-09-19 | GSE120120 | GEO

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