Patterns of Population Epigenomic Diversity in Arabidopsis thaliana (Methyl-Seq)
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Arabidopsis thaliana
PROVIDER: GSE43857 | GEO | 2013/03/05
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA187927
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Natural epigenetic variation provides a source for the generation of phenotypic diversity, but to understand its contribution to phenotypic diversity, its interaction with genetic variation requires further investigation. MethylC-seq from naturally-occurring Arabidopsis accessions
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Project description:Natural epigenetic variation provides a source for the generation of phenotypic diversity, but to understand its contribution to phenotypic diversity, its interaction with genetic variation requires further investigation. Here, we report population-wide DNA sequencing of genomes, transcriptomes, and methylomes of wild Arabidopsis thaliana accessions. Single cytosine methylation polymorphisms are unlinked to genotype. However, the rate of linkage disequilibrium decay amongst differentially methylated regions targeted by RNA-directed DNA methylation is similar to the rate for single nucleotide polymorphisms. Association analyses of these RNA-directed DNA methylation regions with genetic variants identified 2,372 methylQTL, which revealed the first population estimate of genetically dependent methylation variation. Analysis of invariably methylated transposons and genes across this population indicates that loci targeted by RNA-directed DNA methylation are epigenetically reactivated during male gametogenesis, which facilitates their silencing across generations. RNA-seq from naturally-occurring Arabidopsis accessions
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Project description:Natural epigenetic variation provides a source for the generation of phenotypic diversity, but to understand its contribution to phenotypic diversity, its interaction with genetic variation requires further investigation. Here, we report population-wide DNA sequencing of genomes, transcriptomes, and methylomes of wild Arabidopsis thaliana accessions. Single cytosine methylation polymorphisms are unlinked to genotype. However, the rate of linkage disequilibrium decay amongst differentially methylated regions targeted by RNA-directed DNA methylation is similar to the rate for single nucleotide polymorphisms. Association analyses of these RNA-directed DNA methylation regions with genetic variants identified 2,372 methylQTL, which revealed the first population estimate of genetically dependent methylation variation. Analysis of invariably methylated transposons and genes across this population indicates that loci targeted by RNA-directed DNA methylation are epigenetically reactivated during male gametogenesis, which facilitates their silencing across generations.
2013-03-05 | GSE43858 | GEO
Project description:Epigenetic variation can impact gene transcription and may play roles in phenotypic diversity and adaptation. Here we report 1,107 high quality single-base resolution methylomes, and 1,210 transcriptomes from the 1001 Arabidopsis Genomes population. Analyses reveal strong effects of geographic origin on average DNA methylation levels, alterations of gene expression by epialleles and a highly complex genetic basis for DNA methylation. Physical genome maps for nine of the most diverse accessions revealed how transposable elements and other structural variations shaped the epigenome to allow rapid adaptation to environmental changes, with strong emphasis on disease resistance. Analysis of the cistromes and epicistromes in these accessions revealed a significant association between both methylation and nucleotide variation and the conservation of transcription factor binding sites. The Arabidopsis thaliana 1001 Epigenomes Project now provides a comprehensive resource to help further understand how epigenetic variation contributes to both molecular and phenotypes in natural populations of the most widely studied reference plant.
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Project description:The molecular chaperone HSP90 aids the maturation of a diverse but select set of metastable protein clients, many of which are key to a variety of signal transduction pathways. HSP90 function has been best investigated in animal and fungal systems, where inhibition of the chaperone has exceptionally diverse effects, ranging from reversing oncogenic transformation to facilitating the acquisition of drug resistance. Inhibition of HSP90 in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana uncovers novel morphologies dependent on normally cryptic genetic variation and increases stochastic variation inherent to developmental processes. The biochemical activity of HSP90 is strictly conserved between animals and plants. However, the substrates and pathways dependent on HSP90 in plants are poorly understood. Progress has been impeded by reliance on light-sensitive HSP90 inhibitors due to redundancy in the A. thaliana HSP90 gene family. Here we present phenotypic and genome-wide expression analyses of A. thaliana with constitutively reduced HSP90 levels achieved by RNAi targeting. HSP90 reduction affects a variety of quantitative life-history traits, including flowering time and total seed set, and decreases developmental stability. Further, by quantitative analysis of morphological phenotypes, we demonstrate that HSP90-reduction increases phenotypic diversity in both seedlings and adult plants. Several morphologies are synergistically affected by HSP90 and growth temperature. Genome-wide expression analyses also suggest a central role for HSP90 in the genesis and maintenance of plastic responses. The expression results are substantiated by examination of the response of HSP90-reduced plants to attack by caterpillars of the generalist herbivore Trichoplusia ni. HSP90 reduction potentiates a more robust herbivore defense response. In sum, we propose that HSP90 exerts global effects on the environmental responsiveness of plants to many different stimuli. The comprehensive set of HSP90-reduced lines described here is a vital instrument to further examine the role of HSP90 as a central interface between organism, development, and environment. Keywords: HSP90, mutant comparison
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Project description:Like protein coding genes, loci that produce microRNAs (miRNAs) are generally considered to be under purifying selection, consistent with miRNA polymorphisms being able to cause disease. Nevertheless, it has been hypothesized that variation in miRNA genes may contribute to phenotypic diversity. Here we demonstrate that a naturally occurring polymorphism in the MIR164A gene interacts epistatically with an unlinked locus to affect leaf shape and shoot architecture in Arabidopsis thaliana. A single-base pair substitution in the miRNA complementary sequence alters the stability of the miRNA:miRNA* duplex. It thereby interferes with processing of the precursor and greatly reduces miRNA accumulation. We demonstrate that this is not a rare exception, but that natural strains of Arabidopsis thaliana harbor dozens of similar polymorphisms that affect processing of a wide range of miRNA precursors. Our results suggest that natural variation in miRNA processability due to cis mutations is a common contributor to phenotypic variation in plants. sRNA sequencing transgenic A. thaliana
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