Epstein-Barr virus maintains lymphomas via its miRNAs
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE44769 | GEO | 2013/04/30
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA192693
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:EpsteinM-bM-^@M-^PBarr virus (EBV) has evolved exquisite controls over its host cells, human B lymphocytes, not only directing these cells during latency to proliferate and thereby expand the pool of infected cells, but also to survive and thereby persist for the lifetime of the infected individual. Although these activities ensure the virus is successful, they also make the virus oncogenic, particularly when infected people are immunosuppressed. Here we show, strikingly, that one set of EBVM-bM-^@M-^Ys miRNAs both sustain BL (BurkittM-bM-^@M-^Ys lymphoma) cells in the absence of other viral oncogenes and promote the transformation of primary B lymphocytes. BurkittM-bM-^@M-^Ys Lymphoma cells were engineered to lose EBV and found to die by apoptosis and could be rescued by constitutively expressing viral miRNAs in them. Two of these EBV miRNAs were found to target Caspase 3 to inhibit apoptosis at physiological concentrations. Examination of RISC associated transcripts under 4 conditions in Sav S1-1 cells
2013-04-30 | E-GEOD-44769 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:To identify differentially expressed human and viral miRNAs across a panel of B-cell lines, including several primary effusion lymphomas (PEL). Gammaherpesvirus and host cell microRNAs (miRNAs) together modulate gene expression in normal and malignant cells. Using microRNA microarrays, we determined the expression of mature viral and host cellular miRNAs in a series of B cell tumours that include Kaposi’s Sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) infected Primary Effusion Lymphoma (PEL) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infected Burkitt’s lymphoma (BL) cell lines. We show that 35 host miRNAs were constitutively expressed in all the B cell lymphomas and differences in viral miRNA expression were evident between herpesvirus positive tumour types. Furthermore, we show that in PEL, miR-221 and miR-222 expression is defective due to a lack of transcript expression rather than mutation in the miRNA encoding loci. Absence of miR-221 and miR-222 resulted in the enhanced expression of the known target gene p27 (CDKN1B) and reintroduction of miR221 in PEL reduces p27 protein expression.
2015-12-05 | GSE18437 | GEO
Project description:Most humans are infected with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a cancer-causing virus. While EBV generally persists silently in B lymphocytes, periodic lytic (re-)activation of latent virus is central to its life cycle and to most EBV-related diseases. However, a substantial fraction of EBV-infected B cells and tumor cells in a population is refractory to lytic activation. This resistance to lytic activation directly and profoundly impacts viral persistence and effectiveness of oncolytic therapy for EBV+ cancers. To identify the mechanisms that underlie susceptibility to EBV-lytic activation, we used host protein-expression profiling of separated-lytic and -refractory cells.
2016-04-27 | PXD001838 | Pride
Project description:1) To identify changes in gene expression upon over-expression of hsa-miR-221 in JSC1 cells. 2) To identify human miRNA targets expressed in a panel of B-cell lines. Gammaherpesvirus and host cell microRNAs (miRNAs) together modulate gene expression in normal and malignant cells. Using microRNA microarrays, we determined the expression of mature viral and host cellular miRNAs in a series of B cell tumours that include Kaposi’s Sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) infected Primary Effusion Lymphoma (PEL) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infected Burkitt’s lymphoma (BL) cell lines. We show that 35 host miRNAs were constitutively expressed in all the B cell lymphomas and differences in viral miRNA expression were evident between herpesvirus positive tumour types. Furthermore, we show that in PEL, miR-221 and miR-222 expression is defective due to a lack of transcript expression rather than mutation in the miRNA encoding loci. Absence of miR-221 and miR-222 resulted in the enhanced expression of the known target gene p27 (CDKN1B) and reintroduction of miR221 in PEL reduces p27 protein expression.
2015-12-05 | GSE18438 | GEO
Project description:Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a human herpesvirus linked to a number of B cell cancers and lymphoproliferative disorders. During latent infection, EBV expresses 25 viral pre-microRNAs (miRNAs) and induces the expression of specific host miRNAs, such as miR-155 and miR-21, which potentially play a role in viral oncogenesis. To date, a limited number of EBV miRNA targets have been identified; thus, the role of EBV miRNAs in viral pathogenesis is not well defined. Here, we used photoactivatable ribonucleoside-enhanced crosslinking and immunoprecipitation (PAR-CLIP) combined with deep sequencing and computational analysis to comprehensively examine the viral and cellular miRNA targetome in EBV B95-8-infected lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs). We identified 7,827 miRNA-interaction sites in 3,492 cellular 3'UTRs. 531 of these sites contained seed-matches to viral miRNAs. 24 PAR-CLIP-identified miRNA:3'UTR interactions were confirmed by reporter assays. Our results reveal that EBV miRNAs predominantly target cellular transcripts during latent infection, thereby manipulating the host environment. Furthermore, targets of EBV miRNAs are involved in multiple cellular processes that are directly relevant to viral infection, including innate immunity, cell survival, and cell proliferation. Finally, we present evidence that myc-regulated host miRNAs from the miR-17/92 cluster can regulate latent viral gene expression. This comprehensive survey of the miRNA targetome in EBV-infected B cells represents a key step towards defining the functions of EBV-encoded miRNAs, and potentially, identifying novel therapeutic targets for EBVassociated malignancies. Ago2 (Argonaute 2) PAR-CLIP and small RNA deep sequencing of Epstein-Barr virus B95.8-infected lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs).
2012-10-16 | E-GEOD-41437 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Most humans are infected with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a cancer-causing virus. While EBV generally persists silently in B lymphocytes, periodic lytic (re-)activation of latent virus is central to its life cycle and to most EBV-related diseases. However, a substantial fraction of EBV-infected B cells and tumor cells in a population is refractory to lytic activation. This resistance to lytic activation directly and profoundly impacts viral persistence and effectiveness of oncolytic therapy for EBV+ cancers. To identify the mechanisms that underlie susceptibility to EBV-lytic activation, we used host protein-expression profiling of separated-lytic and -refractory cells.
2016-07-22 | MSV000079993 | MassIVE
Project description:The human gamma herpesvirus Epstein-Barr virus, infects most adults and is an important contributor to the development of many types of cancer. Essential contributions of viral genes to replication are known but the potential contributions of cell genes to viral replication are less well delineated. A key player is the viral protein Zta (BZLF1, ZEBRA, Z). This sequence-specific DNA-binding protein can disrupt viral latency by driving the transcription of target genes and by interacting with the EBV lytic origin of replication. Here we used an unbiased approach to identify the Zta-interactome in cells derived from a Burkitt’s lymphoma. Isolating Zta and associated proteins from Burkitt’s lymphoma cells undergoing EBV replication, followed by Tandem Mass Tag (TMT) mass spectrometry resulted in the identification of forty-four viral and cellular proteins in the Zta interactome. Of these two were known targets of Zta. The association of Zta with Hsc70 and the contribution that Hsc70 plays to EBV replication mirrors a contribution from HSP70 family members to the replication of other herpesviruses. Conversely, the association of Zta with NFATc2 has no known parallels for other herpesviruses. Zta attenuates the activity of an NFAT-dependent promoter, which shows a potential for dampening the expression of genes regulated by calcium-dependent signal transduction. Indeed, Zta has the ability to affect a feed-back loop limiting its own expression, which would aid viral replication by preventing the toxic effects of Zta overexpression.
2019-06-06 | PXD013727 | Pride
Project description:Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection of primary human B cells drives their indefinite proliferation into lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs). B cell immortalization depends on expression of viral latency genes as well as the regulation of host genes. Given the important role of miRNAs in regulating fundamental cellular processes, in this study we assayed changes in host miRNA expression during primary B cell infection by EBV. We observed and validated dynamic changes in several miRNAs from early proliferation through immortalization; oncogenic miRNAs were induced and tumor suppressor miRNAs were largely repressed. However, one miRNA described as a p53-targeted tumor suppressor, miR-34a, was strongly induced by EBV infection and expressed in many EBV and KSHV-infected lymphoma cell lines. The EBV latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) was sufficient to induce miR-34a requiring downstream NFM-NM-:B activation, but independent of functional p53. Furthermore, over-expression of miR-34a was not toxic in several B lymphoma cell lines and inhibition of miR-34a impaired the growth of EBV transformed cells. This study identifies a pro-growth role for a tumor suppressive miRNA in oncogenic virus-mediated transformation highlighting the importance of studying miRNA function in different cellular contexts. miRNA expression profiling of human B-cells, EBV-infected, proliferating B cells and Monoclonal LCLs from 3 different donors was conducted with the use of up to 2 M-NM-<g total RNA for sample
2012-04-19 | E-GEOD-36926 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a human herpesvirus linked to a number of B cell cancers and lymphoproliferative disorders. During latent infection, EBV expresses 25 viral pre-microRNAs (miRNAs) and induces the expression of specific host miRNAs, such as miR-155 and miR-21, which potentially play a role in viral oncogenesis. To date, a limited number of EBV miRNA targets have been identified; thus, the role of EBV miRNAs in viral pathogenesis is not well defined. Here, we used photoactivatable ribonucleoside-enhanced crosslinking and immunoprecipitation (PAR-CLIP) combined with deep sequencing and computational analysis to comprehensively examine the viral and cellular miRNA targetome in EBV B95-8-infected lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs). We identified 7,827 miRNA-interaction sites in 3,492 cellular 3'UTRs. 531 of these sites contained seed-matches to viral miRNAs. 24 PAR-CLIP-identified miRNA:3'UTR interactions were confirmed by reporter assays. Our results reveal that EBV miRNAs predominantly target cellular transcripts during latent infection, thereby manipulating the host environment. Furthermore, targets of EBV miRNAs are involved in multiple cellular processes that are directly relevant to viral infection, including innate immunity, cell survival, and cell proliferation. Finally, we present evidence that myc-regulated host miRNAs from the miR-17/92 cluster can regulate latent viral gene expression. This comprehensive survey of the miRNA targetome in EBV-infected B cells represents a key step towards defining the functions of EBV-encoded miRNAs, and potentially, identifying novel therapeutic targets for EBVassociated malignancies.
2012-10-16 | GSE41437 | GEO
Project description:Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection of primary human B cells drives their indefinite proliferation into lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs). B cell immortalization depends on expression of viral latency genes as well as the regulation of host genes. Given the important role of miRNAs in regulating fundamental cellular processes, in this study we assayed changes in host miRNA expression during primary B cell infection by EBV. We observed and validated dynamic changes in several miRNAs from early proliferation through immortalization; oncogenic miRNAs were induced and tumor suppressor miRNAs were largely repressed. However, one miRNA described as a p53-targeted tumor suppressor, miR-34a, was strongly induced by EBV infection and expressed in many EBV and KSHV-infected lymphoma cell lines. The EBV latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) was sufficient to induce miR-34a requiring downstream NFκB activation, but independent of functional p53. Furthermore, over-expression of miR-34a was not toxic in several B lymphoma cell lines and inhibition of miR-34a impaired the growth of EBV transformed cells. This study identifies a pro-growth role for a tumor suppressive miRNA in oncogenic virus-mediated transformation highlighting the importance of studying miRNA function in different cellular contexts.
2012-04-20 | GSE36926 | GEO