Expression data from mouse embryo (E5) cultured in the narrow and wide cavity
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE51198 | GEO | 2013/09/27
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA221580
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:The mouse anterior-posterior (A-P) axis polarization is preceded by formation of the distal visceral endoderm (DVE). However, the mechanism of the emergence of DVE cells is not well understood. Here, we show by in vitro culturing of embryos immediately after implantation in micro-fabricated cavities (narrow; 90 micro-meter, wide; 180 miro-meter in diameter) that the external mechanical cues exerted on the embryo, i.e. cultured in the narrow cavity, are crucial for DVE formation as well as elongated egg cylinder shape. This implies that these developmental events immediately after implantation are not simply embryo-autonomous processes but require extrinsic mechanical factors. Further whole genome-wide gene expression profiles with DNA microarray revealed that no significant difference of transcripts were evident with or without mechanical cues except DVE-related markers. Thus, we propose that external mechanical cues rather than not specific molecular pathways can trigger the establishment of the A-P axis polarization, which is one of the fundamental proccesses of mammalian embryogenesis. To identify the differences between the embryos cultured with or without external mechanical cues, we collected mouse embryos at E5.0 and cultured in the narrow (90 micro-meter in diameter) or the wide (180 micro-meter in diameter) cavities for 8 hours for RNA extraction and hybridization on Affymetrix microarrays. Arrays were performed using Affymetrix mouse Gene 1.0 ST arrays. Analysis was performed on three biological replicates of the mouse embryos cultured in the narrow and wide cavities for 8 hours.
2013-09-27 | E-GEOD-51198 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The extracellular matrix (ECM) is fundamental to cellular and tissue structural integrity and provides mechanical cues to initiate diverse biological functions1. The quality and quantity of ECM determines tissue stiffness and controls gene expression, cell fate, and cell cycle progression in various cell types. ECM-cell interactions are mediated by focal adhesions (FAs), the main hub for mechanotransduction, connecting ECM, integrins and cytoskeleton. In the blood vessels, an additional layer of mechanical cues derived from pulsatile blood flow and pressure play a pivotal role in homeostasis and disease development. However, how cells sense and integrate different mechanical cues to maintain the blood vessel wall is largely unknown. Vascular ECM is synthesized by SMCs from mid-gestation to early postnatal period and determines the material and mechanical properties of the blood vessels14. Owing to the long half-life of ECM, blood vessels are generally thought to stand life-long mechanical stress without regeneration, particularly in large arteries. However, it is not completely known whether local micro-remodeling system exists for the maintenance of the vessel wall. To search for a potential remodeling factor(s), we performed cyclic stretch experiments (1 Hz; 20% strain) using rat vascular SMCs for 20 hours (h) with or without Brefeldin A (BFA), a protein transporter inhibitor. Conditioned media (CM) were analyzed using quantitative mass spectrometry.
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Project description:Phenotype switching is a form of cellular plasticity in which cancer cells reversibly move between two opposite extremes - proliferative versus invasive states. While it has long been hypothesised that such switching is triggered by external cues, the identity of these cues has remained elusive. Here, we demonstrate that mechanical confinement mediates phenotype switching through chromatin remodelling. Using a zebrafish model of melanoma coupled with human samples, we profiled tumour cells at the interface between the tumour and surrounding microenvironment. Morphological analysis of these rare cells showed flattened, elliptical nuclei suggestive of mechanical confinement by nearby adjacent tissue. Spatial and single-cell transcriptomics demonstrated that the interface cells adopted a gene program of neuronal invasion, including acquisition of an acetylated tubulin cage that protects the nucleus during migration. We identified the DNA-bending protein HMGB2 as a confinement-induced mediator of the neuronal state. HMGB2 is upregulated in confined cells, and quantitative modelling revealed that confinement prolongs contact time between HMGB2 and chromatin, leading to changes in chromatin configuration that favour the neuronal phenotype. Genetic disruption of HMGB2 showed that it regulates the trade-off between proliferative and invasive states, in which confined HMGB2high tumour cells are less proliferative but more drug resistant. Our results implicate the mechanical microenvironment as a mechanism for phenotype switching in melanoma.
2024-01-24 | GSE253800 | GEO
Project description:Phenotype switching is a form of cellular plasticity in which cancer cells reversibly move between two opposite extremes - proliferative versus invasive states. While it has long been hypothesised that such switching is triggered by external cues, the identity of these cues has remained elusive. Here, we demonstrate that mechanical confinement mediates phenotype switching through chromatin remodelling. Using a zebrafish model of melanoma coupled with human samples, we profiled tumour cells at the interface between the tumour and surrounding microenvironment. Morphological analysis of these rare cells showed flattened, elliptical nuclei suggestive of mechanical confinement by nearby adjacent tissue. Spatial and single-cell transcriptomics demonstrated that the interface cells adopted a gene program of neuronal invasion, including acquisition of an acetylated tubulin cage that protects the nucleus during migration. We identified the DNA-bending protein HMGB2 as a confinement-induced mediator of the neuronal state. HMGB2 is upregulated in confined cells, and quantitative modelling revealed that confinement prolongs contact time between HMGB2 and chromatin, leading to changes in chromatin configuration that favour the neuronal phenotype. Genetic disruption of HMGB2 showed that it regulates the trade-off between proliferative and invasive states, in which confined HMGB2high tumour cells are less proliferative but more drug resistant. Our results implicate the mechanical microenvironment as a mechanism for phenotype switching in melanoma.
2024-01-24 | GSE253802 | GEO
Project description:Phenotype switching is a form of cellular plasticity in which cancer cells reversibly move between two opposite extremes - proliferative versus invasive states. While it has long been hypothesised that such switching is triggered by external cues, the identity of these cues has remained elusive. Here, we demonstrate that mechanical confinement mediates phenotype switching through chromatin remodelling. Using a zebrafish model of melanoma coupled with human samples, we profiled tumour cells at the interface between the tumour and surrounding microenvironment. Morphological analysis of these rare cells showed flattened, elliptical nuclei suggestive of mechanical confinement by nearby adjacent tissue. Spatial and single-cell transcriptomics demonstrated that the interface cells adopted a gene program of neuronal invasion, including acquisition of an acetylated tubulin cage that protects the nucleus during migration. We identified the DNA-bending protein HMGB2 as a confinement-induced mediator of the neuronal state. HMGB2 is upregulated in confined cells, and quantitative modelling revealed that confinement prolongs contact time between HMGB2 and chromatin, leading to changes in chromatin configuration that favour the neuronal phenotype. Genetic disruption of HMGB2 showed that it regulates the trade-off between proliferative and invasive states, in which confined HMGB2high tumour cells are less proliferative but more drug resistant. Our results implicate the mechanical microenvironment as a mechanism for phenotype switching in melanoma.
2024-01-24 | GSE253801 | GEO
Project description:modENCODE_submission_4804 This submission comes from a modENCODE project of Michael Snyder. For full list of modENCODE projects, see http://www.genome.gov/26524648 Project Goal: We are identifying the DNA binding sites for 300 transcription factors in C. elegans. Each transcription factor gene is tagged with the same GFP fusion protein, permitting validation of the gene's correct spatio-temporal expression pattern in transgenic animals. Chromatin immunoprecipitation on each strain is peformed using an anti-GFP antibody, and any bound DNA is deep-sequenced using Solexa GA2 technology. For data usage terms and conditions, please refer to http://www.genome.gov/27528022 and http://www.genome.gov/Pages/Research/ENCODE/ENCODEDataReleasePolicyFinal2008.pdf EXPERIMENT TYPE: CHIP-seq. BIOLOGICAL SOURCE: Strain: OP398(official name : OP398 genotype : unc-119(ed3) III; wgIs398(dve-1::TY1EGFPFLAG C;unc-119(+)) outcross : 3 mutagen : Bombard tags : GFP::3xFlag description : This strain's transgene was constructed by Mihail Sarov at the Max Planck Institute for Cell Biology and Genetics in Dresden description : using Tony Hyman's recombineering pipeline. The resulting plasmid was used for biolistic transformation of an unc-119(ed3) strain. The DVE-1::EGFP fusion protein is expressed in the correct dve-1 spatio-temporal expression pattern. This strain was used for ChIP-seq experiments to map the in vivo binding sites for the DVE-1 transcription factor. made_by : Unknown ); Developmental Stage: Late Embryo; Genotype: unc-119(ed3) III; wgIs398(dve-1::TY1EGFPFLAG C;unc-119(+)); Sex: Hermaphrodite; EXPERIMENTAL FACTORS: Developmental Stage Late Embryo; Target gene dve-1; Strain OP398(official name : OP398 genotype : unc-119(ed3) III; wgIs398(dve-1::TY1EGFPFLAG C;unc-119(+)) outcross : 3 mutagen : Bombard tags : GFP::3xFlag description : This strain's transgene was constructed by Mihail Sarov at the Max Planck Institute for Cell Biology and Genetics in Dresden description : using Tony Hyman's recombineering pipeline. The resulting plasmid was used for biolistic transformation of an unc-119(ed3) strain. The DVE-1::EGFP fusion protein is expressed in the correct dve-1 spatio-temporal expression pattern. This strain was used for ChIP-seq experiments to map the in vivo binding sites for the DVE-1 transcription factor. made_by : Unknown ); temp (temperature) 20 degree celsius
2013-07-11 | E-GEOD-48749 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:modENCODE_submission_4803 This submission comes from a modENCODE project of Michael Snyder. For full list of modENCODE projects, see http://www.genome.gov/26524648 Project Goal: We are identifying the DNA binding sites for 300 transcription factors in C. elegans. Each transcription factor gene is tagged with the same GFP fusion protein, permitting validation of the gene's correct spatio-temporal expression pattern in transgenic animals. Chromatin immunoprecipitation on each strain is peformed using an anti-GFP antibody, and any bound DNA is deep-sequenced using Solexa GA2 technology. For data usage terms and conditions, please refer to http://www.genome.gov/27528022 and http://www.genome.gov/Pages/Research/ENCODE/ENCODEDataReleasePolicyFinal2008.pdf EXPERIMENT TYPE: CHIP-seq. BIOLOGICAL SOURCE: Strain: OP398(official name : OP398 genotype : unc-119(ed3) III; wgIs398(dve-1::TY1EGFPFLAG C;unc-119(+)) outcross : 3 mutagen : Bombard tags : GFP::3xFlag description : This strain's transgene was constructed by Mihail Sarov at the Max Planck Institute for Cell Biology and Genetics in Dresden description : using Tony Hyman's recombineering pipeline. The resulting plasmid was used for biolistic transformation of an unc-119(ed3) strain. The DVE-1::EGFP fusion protein is expressed in the correct dve-1 spatio-temporal expression pattern. This strain was used for ChIP-seq experiments to map the in vivo binding sites for the DVE-1 transcription factor. made_by : Unknown ); Developmental Stage: L4; Genotype: unc-119(ed3) III; wgIs398(dve-1::TY1EGFPFLAG C;unc-119(+)); Sex: Hermaphrodite; EXPERIMENTAL FACTORS: Developmental Stage L4; Target gene dve-1; Strain OP398(official name : OP398 genotype : unc-119(ed3) III; wgIs398(dve-1::TY1EGFPFLAG C;unc-119(+)) outcross : 3 mutagen : Bombard tags : GFP::3xFlag description : This strain's transgene was constructed by Mihail Sarov at the Max Planck Institute for Cell Biology and Genetics in Dresden description : using Tony Hyman's recombineering pipeline. The resulting plasmid was used for biolistic transformation of an unc-119(ed3) strain. The DVE-1::EGFP fusion protein is expressed in the correct dve-1 spatio-temporal expression pattern. This strain was used for ChIP-seq experiments to map the in vivo binding sites for the DVE-1 transcription factor. made_by : Unknown ); temp (temperature) 20 degree celsius
2013-07-11 | E-GEOD-48748 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Despite the ubiquitous mechanical cues at both spatial and temporal dimensions, cell identities and functions are largely immune to the everchanging mechanical stimuli. To understand the molecular basis of this epigenetic stability, we interrogated compressive force elicited transcriptomic changes in mesenchymal stem cells purified from human periodontal ligament (PDLSCs), and identified H3K27me3 and E2F signatures populated within up- and weakly down-regulated genes respectively. Consistently, expressions of several E2F family transcription factors and EZH2, as core methyltransferase for H3K27me3, decreased in response to mechanical stress, which were attributed to force induced redistribution of RB from nucleoplasm to lamina. Importantly, although epigenomic analysis on H3K27me3 landscape only demonstrated correlating changes at one group of mechanoresponsive genes, we observed a genome-wide destabilization of super-enhancers along with aberrant EZH2 retention. These super-enhancers were tightly bounded by H3K27me3 domain on one side and exhibited attenuating H3K27ac deposition and flattening H3K27ac peaks after force exposure, analogous to increased H3K27ac entropy or decreased H3K27ac polarization. Interference of force induced EZH2 reduction could drive nuclear actin filaments dependent collision between EZH2 and super-enhancers and functionally compromise the multipotency of PDLSC following mechanical stress. These findings together unveil a specific contribution of EZH2 reduction for maintenance of super-enhancer stability and cell identity in mechanoresponse.
2020-09-23 | GSE109167 | GEO
Project description:Despite the ubiquitous mechanical cues at both spatial and temporal dimensions, cell identities and functions are largely immune to the everchanging mechanical stimuli. To understand the molecular basis of this epigenetic stability, we interrogated compressive force elicited transcriptomic changes in mesenchymal stem cells purified from human periodontal ligament (PDLSCs), and identified H3K27me3 and E2F signatures populated within up- and weakly down-regulated genes respectively. Consistently, expressions of several E2F family transcription factors and EZH2, as core methyltransferase for H3K27me3, decreased in response to mechanical stress, which were attributed to force induced redistribution of RB from nucleoplasm to lamina. Importantly, although epigenomic analysis on H3K27me3 landscape only demonstrated correlating changes at one group of mechanoresponsive genes, we observed a genome-wide destabilization of super-enhancers along with aberrant EZH2 retention. These super-enhancers were tightly bounded by H3K27me3 domain on one side and exhibited attenuating H3K27ac deposition and flattening H3K27ac peaks after force exposure, analogous to increased H3K27ac entropy or decreased H3K27ac polarization. Interference of force induced EZH2 reduction could drive nuclear actin filaments dependent collision between EZH2 and super-enhancers and functionally compromise the multipotency of PDLSC following mechanical stress. These findings together unveil a specific contribution of EZH2 reduction for maintenance of super-enhancer stability and cell identity in mechanoresponse.
2020-09-23 | GSE109166 | GEO