Effect of oocyte-enriched histones Th2a, Th2b, and histone chaperone Npm on mouse iPS cell generation
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE53637 | GEO | 2013/12/25
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA232529
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Expression of key transcription factors Klf4, Oct3/4, Sox2, and c-Myc (KOSM) in embryonic stem cells can reprogram somatic cells into pluripotent cells. We found that two histone variants, TH2A and TH2B, and histone chaperone Npm enhance the KOSM-dependent generation of induced pluripotent cells (iPSCs) and produce iPSCs only with Klf4 and Oct3/4. To identify directly affected genes by these histone variants during reprogramming, we carried out gene expression profiling of MEFs overexpressing TH2A/TH2B/Npm and TH2A/TH2B deficient MEFs after infection with retroviruses expressing KOSM. A total of 21 Affymetrix Mouse Gene ST array were done for mRNA expression profiling of ES cells, iPS cells induced by Klf4, Oct4, Sox2, and c-Myc (KOSM) or Klf4, Oct4, Th2a, Th2b, and p-Npm (KOBAN), wild-type MEFs infected with retrovirus vectors expressing KOSM, KOSMBAN, or empty vector and Th2a/Th2b-deficient MEFs infected with retrovirus vector expressing KOSM.
2013-12-25 | E-GEOD-53637 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:In this study, chromatin immunoprecipitated sequencing was done for testis specific histone variants of H2B and H2A, TH2B and TH2A to understand the epigenomics of these retained histones, using murine caudal sperm.Our in silico analysis has attributed a myriad of novel functions to sperm retained TH2B with respect to embryo development and spermatogenesis.Also, based on genomic regions, TH2B was observed to be associated with spindle assembly and various meiosis-specific genes, which is an important finding as TH2A/TH2B DKO mice have been reported to have defective cohesin release.We also observed a degree of evolutionary conservation between the TH2B-DNA linkage across human and mouse.This overlap included genes important for embryogenesis. Most importantly, heterogeneity in the epigenetic landscape of TH2A and TH2B was seen which is intriguing as TH2B and TH2A are well reported to be present in the same nucleosomes to promote open chromatin. Additionally, unlike TH2B, TH2A was enriched on the mitochondrial chromosome. We presume that TH2A is associated with mitochondrial DNA inserted in the nuclear DNA and this observation needs further validation.. A comprehensive analysis of these observations indicates novel functions for the sperm retained TH2B and TH2A.
2021-12-06 | GSE181921 | GEO
Project description:Nucleophosmin (NPM1) is either frequently mutated or subjected to chromosomal translocation in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). NPM protein is primarily located in the nucleus, but the recurrent NPMc+ mutation is characterized by cytoplasmic localization and leukemogenic properties. Similarly, the NPM-MLF1 translocation product favors the partial cytoplasmic retention of NPM. Regardless of their common cellular distribution, NPM-MLF1 malignancies engender different effects on hematopoiesis compared to NPMc+ counterparts, highlighting possible aberrant nuclear function(s) of NPM in NPMc+ AML. We performed a proteomics analysis and found that NPM and NPM-MLF1 interact with chromatin remodeling complexes of the ISWI family, as well as with NuRD and P/BAF complexes. Accordingly, NPM and NPM-MLF1 are recruited to transcriptionally active or repressed genes along with NuRD and P/BAF elements. Although the overall gene expression program in NPM knockdown cells is similar to that resulting from NPMc+ and is consistent with loss of nuclear function of NPM, NPM-MLF1 expression differentially altered gene transcription regulated by NPM. The abnormal gene regulation imposed by NPM-MLF1 is characterized by enhanced recruitment of NuRD to gene regulatory regions. Thus, different mechanisms orchestrate the deregulation of NPM function in NPMc+- versus NPM1-MLF1-associated leukemia.
2019-10-17 | GSE124495 | GEO
Project description:Epigenetic landscape of murine testicular histone variants TH2A and TH2B in sperm
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Project description:Nucleophosmin (NPM1) is either frequently mutated or subjected to chromosomal translocation in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). NPM protein is primarily located in the nucleus, but the recurrent NPMc+ mutation is characterized by cytoplasmic localization and leukemogenic properties. Similarly, the NPM-MLF1 translocation product favors the partial cytoplasmic retention of NPM. Regardless of their common cellular distribution, NPM-MLF1 malignancies engender different effects on hematopoiesis compared to NPMc+ counterparts, highlighting possible aberrant nuclear function(s) of NPM in NPMc+ and NPM-MLF1 AML. We performed a proteomics analysis and found that NPM and NPM-MLF1 interact with chromatin remodeling complexes of the ISWI family, as well as with NuRD and P/BAF complexes. Accordingly, NPM and NPM-MLF1 are recruited to transcriptionally active or repressed genes along with NuRD and P/BAF elements. Although the overall gene expression program in NPM knockdown cells is similar to that resulting from NPMc+ and is consistent with loss of nuclear function of NPM, NPM-MLF1 expression differentially altered gene transcription regulated by NPM. The abnormal gene regulation imposed by NPM-MLF1 is characterized by enhanced recruitment of NuRD to gene regulatory regions. Thus, different mechanisms orchestrate the deregulation of NPM function in NPMc+ -versus NPM1-MLF1- associated leukemia.
2019-10-18 | PXD012305 | Pride
Project description:CYLD is a tumor suppressor gene coding for a deubiquitinating enzyme that has a critical regu-latory function in a variety of signaling pathways and biological processes involved in cancer development and progression, many of which are also key modulators of somatic cell repro-gramming. Nevertheless, the potential role of CYLD in this process has not been studied. With the dual aim of investigating the involvement of CYLD in reprogramming and better under-standing the intricate regulatory system governing this process, we reprogrammed control (CYLDWT/WT ) and CYLD-deficient (CYLDΔ9/Δ9 ) Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts (MEFs) into induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) through ectopic overexpression of the Yamanaka factors (Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4, c-Myc) . CYLD deficiency led to significantly reduced reprogramming efficiency and slower early reprogramming kinetics. Nevertheless, CYLD-deficient cells were capable of estab-lishing pluripotent colonies with full spontaneous differentiation potential. The introduction of WT CYLD to CYLDΔ9/Δ9 MEFs rescued the phenotype. Whole proteome analysis revealed that the Mesenchymal to Epithelial transition (MET) during the early stages of reprogramming was dis-rupted in CYLDΔ9/Δ9 MEFs. Interestingly, pathway analysis revealed that the primary processes affected by CYLD deficiency were associated with the extracellular matrix and several metabolic pathways. Our findings not only establish CYLD's significance as a regulatory component of early reprogramming but also highlight its role as an extracellular matrix regulator, which has profound implications in cancer research.
2023-11-21 | PXD044220 | Pride
Project description:Total RNA was extracted from primary T cell lymphoma that spontaneously developed in either NPM-ALK or NPM-ALK/WASP-deficent transgenic mice
2018-11-08 | GSE102889 | GEO
Project description:We recently showed that some human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) clones were defective in neural differentiation and were marked with the activation of long term repeats (LTRs) of human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs). We herein demonstrated that these LTRs were transiently overexpressed during the generation of iPSCs and contributed to reprogramming. When the generation of iPSCs was completed, LTRs were re-suppressed to levels similar to those in human ES cells. However, differentiation-defective iPSC clones maintained high LTR expression levels, which indicated that these clones failed to complete reprogramming. lincRNA-RoR, a long intergenic non-coding RNA (lincRNA) that was previously shown to support the induction and maintenance of pluripotency, was detected among the LTR-driven transcripts. Short hairpin RNAs against the conserved sequence in LTRs or lincRNA-RoR markedly reduced the efficiency of iPSC generation. Reprogramming factors including OCT3/4, SOX2, and KLF4 bound to most LTRs. The expression of KLF4 was low in normal iPSC clones, but remained high in differentiation-defective clones. The forced expression of KLF4 in human embryonic stem cells led to the activation of LTRs and defects in neural differentiation. These results demonstrated that the transient overexpression of KLF4/LTR/lincRNA-RoR played crucial roles in reprogramming toward pluripotency in humans, whereas a failure in its re-silence resulted in differentiation defects. OCT3/4, SOX2 and KLF4 bindings in human dermal fibroblast and iPSC
2014-08-04 | E-GEOD-56567 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:It remains controversial whether the routes from differentiated cells to iPSCs are related to the reverse order of normal developmental processes or independent of them. Here, we generated iPSCs from mouse astrocytes by three (Oct3/4, Klf4 and Sox2 (OKS)), two (OK), or four (OKS plus c-Myc) factors. Sox1, a neural stem cell (NSC)-specific transcription factor, is transiently upregulated during reprogramming and Sox1-positive cells become iPSCs. The upregulation of Sox1 is essential for OK-induced reprogramming. Genome-wide analysis revealed that the gene expression profile of Sox1-expressing intermediate-state cells resembles that of NSCs. Furthermore, the intermediate-state cells are able to generate neurospheres, which can differentiate into both neurons and glial cells. Remarkably, during MEF reprogramming, neither Sox1 upregulation nor an increase in neurogenic potential occurs. Thus, astrocytes are reprogrammed through an NSC-like state, suggesting that reprogramming partially follows the retrograde pathway of normal developmental processes. To investigate the gene expression profile of intermediate-state cells during astrocyte reprogramming, we performed genome-wide gene expression analysis in five samples; starting astrocytes, intermediate-state cells expressing Sox1-GFP, NSCs, iPSCs established from astrocytes, and iPSCs established from MEFs (iPS-MEF-Ng-20D-17) that had previously been reported (Okita, K. et al. Nature 448: 313-317 (2007)). Two (NSCs, iPSCs from astrocytes and MEFs) or three (astrocytes, intermediate-state cells) biological replicates were prepared for microarray samples. Total RNA was extracted with an RNeasy kit (Qiagen). cDNA synthesis and transcriptional amplification were performed using 50-100 ng of total RNA with the GeneChip WT PLUS Reagent Kit (Affymetrix). Fragmented and biotin-labeled cDNA targets were hybridized to GeneChip Mouse Gene 1.0 ST arrays (Affymetrix) according to the manufacturerâ??s protocol. Hybridized arrays were scanned using an Affymetrix GeneChip Scanner.
2015-11-06 | E-GEOD-69237 | biostudies-arrayexpress