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Transcriptional profiling in dioecious plant Populus cathayana reveals potential and sex-specific molecular adaptations to solar UV-B radiation.

ABSTRACT: Recently, we found a dioecious plant Populus cathayana males possess a greater tolerance to enhanced UV-B radiation than do females. To carry this work forward, comparative transcriptome analyses were carried out. Similar to previous studies, a set of conserved functions and pathways related to UV-B stress were detected in males and females, regardless of the sex. In addition, sex-specific responses via transcriptome remodeling were also detected as shown in the changes of sex-related gene expression occurred in some pathways. For example, a lot of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in amino acid metabolism were mainly up-regulated in males, but down-regulated in females. Moreover, we found some DEGs expressed predominantly or exclusively in one sex, which may directly contribute to sex-related physiological responses.

ORGANISM(S): Populus cathayana

PROVIDER: GSE54182 | GEO | 2014/01/18

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA235376

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Transcriptional profiling in dioecious plant Populus cathayana reveals potential and sex-specific molecular adaptations to solar UV-B radiation.

Project description:Recently, we found a dioecious plant Populus cathayana males possess a greater tolerance to enhanced UV-B radiation than do females. To carry this work forward, comparative transcriptome analyses were carried out. Similar to previous studies, a set of conserved functions and pathways related to UV-B stress were detected in males and females, regardless of the sex. In addition, sex-specific responses via transcriptome remodeling were also detected as shown in the changes of sex-related gene expression occurred in some pathways. For example, a lot of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in amino acid metabolism were mainly up-regulated in males, but down-regulated in females. Moreover, we found some DEGs expressed predominantly or exclusively in one sex, which may directly contribute to sex-related physiological responses. 4 samples examined: (i) males exposure to decreased solar UV-B radiation (MC); (ii) females exposure to decreased solar UV-B radiation (FC); (iii) males exposure to ambient solar UV-B radiation (MU); and (iv) females exposure to ambient solar UV-B radiation (FU). Nine plants of each sex were exposed to each treatment, and RNA samples from the 9 individuals were pooled with equal proportion.

2014-01-18 | E-GEOD-54182 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Solar exposed skin induces sex-dependent food-seeking behavior

Project description:Considering the distinct physiologies of men and women, it stands to reason that they would react differently to solar exposure, but such a study was never conducted before. Here we show that solar exposure induces food-seeking behavior, food intake and weight gain in males, but not in females, by epidemiological analysis, blood-serum proteomics, UVB-exposed mouse behavioral models and human cohort questionnaires . The underlying mechanism entails increased ghrelin secretion from skin adipocytes into the circulation. UVB irradiation led to p53 transcriptional activation of ghrelin in skin adipocytes, with mouse conditional p53-knockout abolishing UVB-induced ghrelin expression and food-seeking behavior. In females, estrogen interferes with the p53–chromatin interaction on the ghrelin promotor, thus blocking ghrelin and, consequently, food-seeking behavior in response to UVB exposure. These results identify the skin as a major mediator of human physiology in furless animals and may lead to therapeutic opportunities for sex-based treatment of endocrine-related diseases.

2022-06-23 | PXD033203 | Pride

Transcriptomic Analysis of the Hippocampus from Six Inbred Strains of Mice Suggests Basis for Sex-Specific Susceptibility and Severity of Neurological Disorders

Project description:Identifying sex differences in gene expression within the brain is critical for determining why multiple neurological and behavioural disorders differentially affect males and females. Several are more common or severe in males (e.g., autism and schizophrenia) or females (e.g., Alzheimerâs disease and depression). We analyzed transcriptomic data from the mouse hippocampus of six inbred strains (129S1/SvImJ, A/J, C57BL/6J, DBA/1J, DBA/2J and PWD/Ph), to provide a perspective on differences between male and female gene expression. Our data show that: 1) significant gene expression differences in males versus females varies substantially across the strains, 2) 12 genes exist that are differentially expressed across the inbred strains (termed core genes), and 3) there are >2,600 significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among the strains (termed non-core genes). We found that DBA/2J uniquely has a substantial majority (89%) of DEGs that are more highly expressed in females than males; 129/SvImJ is the most strongly male-biased with a majority (69%) of DEGs that are more highly expressed in males. To gain insight into the sex-biased DEGs, we examined gene ontology, pathway and phenotype enrichment and found significant enrichment in phenotypes related to abnormal nervous system morphology and physiology, among others. In addition, several pathways are enriched significantly, including Alzheimerâs disease (AD), with 32 genes implicated in AD, 8 of which are male-biased. Three of the male-biased genes have been implicated in a neuroprotective role in AD. Our transcriptomic data provide new insight into understanding the possible genetic bases for sex-specific susceptibility and severity of brain disorders. Hippocampal mRNA from adult males and females of six inbred strains of mice were analyzed by RNA sequencing of 3 biological replicates using an Illumina HiSeq 2500

2016-01-06 | E-GEOD-76567 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Transcriptomic Analysis of the Hippocampus from Six Inbred Strains of Mice Suggests Basis for Sex-Specific Susceptibility and Severity of Neurological Disorders

Project description:Identifying sex differences in gene expression within the brain is critical for determining why multiple neurological and behavioral disorders differentially affect males and females. Several are more common or severe in males (e.g., autism and schizophrenia) or females (e.g., Alzheimer’s disease and depression). We analyzed transcriptomic data from the mouse hippocampus of six inbred strains (129S1/SvImJ, A/J, C57BL/6J, DBA/1J, DBA/2J and PWD/Ph), to provide a perspective on differences between male and female gene expression. Our data show that: 1) significant gene expression differences in males versus females varies substantially across the strains, 2) 12 genes exist that are differentially expressed across the inbred strains (termed core genes), and 3) there are >2,600 significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among the strains (termed non-core genes). We found that DBA/2J uniquely has a substantial majority (89%) of DEGs that are more highly expressed in females than males; 129/SvImJ is the most strongly male-biased with a majority (69%) of DEGs that are more highly expressed in males. To gain insight into the sex-biased DEGs, we examined gene ontology, pathway and phenotype enrichment and found significant enrichment in phenotypes related to abnormal nervous system morphology and physiology, among others. In addition, several pathways are enriched significantly, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), with 32 genes implicated in AD, 8 of which are male-biased. Three of the male-biased genes have been implicated in a neuroprotective role in AD. Our transcriptomic data provide new insight into understanding the possible genetic bases for sex-specific susceptibility and severity of brain disorders.

2016-01-06 | GSE76567 | GEO

Skin Exposure to UVB Light induces a Skin-Brain-Gonad Axis and Sexual Behavior

Project description:Ultraviolet (UV) light affects endocrinological and behavioral aspects of human sexuality via an unknown mechanism. Using a unique male-female comparative approach, we discovered that the sexual behavioral and hormonal features enhanced by UVB are mediated by the skin. In mice, UV exposure increases hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis hormone levels, resulting in enhanced ovary size, extended estrus days, and anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) expression. It likewise enhances the sexual responsiveness and attractiveness of females and male-female interactions of both males and females. Conditional knockout of p53 specifically in skin keratinocytes abolished UV’s effects. In humans, UV exposure enhanced romantic passion in both genders increased testosterone levels in men. Our data, revealing that UVB triggers a skin-brain-gonadal axis through skin p53 activation, offers therapeutic opportunities for sex-steroid-related dysfunctions. We speculate that during human furless skin evolution, the skin became the front-line regulator of the response to UVB.

2022-02-17 | PXD025973 | Pride

Identification of differentially expressed genes between adult males and adult females of the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae)

Project description:Sex-specific differences in gene expression underlie differences in morphology, behavior, and reproduction. To date, little is known about sex-specific differences in gene expression in spider mites, even though males and females differ markedly in morphology and behavior. In this study, we describe the complement of sex-specific gene expression differences between males and females of the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae), an important generalist herbivore that is a significant crop pest. Gene expression differences were detected from analyses of mRNA-seq data collected with the Illumina method (eight samples in total consisting of four biological replicates each for males and females).

2016-11-12 | GSE85813 | GEO

Rapid de novo evolution of X chromosome dosage compensation in Silene latifolia, a plant with young sex chromosomes

Project description:Silene latifolia is a dioecious plant with heteromorphic sex chromosomes that have originated only ~10 MYA and is a promising model organism to study sex chromosome evolution in plants. Previous work suggests that S. latifolia XY chromosomes have gradually stopped recombining and the Y chromosome is undergoing degeneration as in animal sex chromosomes. However, this work has been limited by the paucity of sex-linked genes available. Here, we used 35 Gb of RNA-seq data from multiple males (XY) and females (XX) of a S. latifolia inbred line to detect sex-linked SNPs and identified more than 1700 sex-linked contigs (with X-linked and Y-linked alleles). Analyses using known sex-linked and autosomal genes, together with simulations indicate that these newly identified sex-linked contigs are reliable. Using read numbers, we then estimated expression levels of X-linked and Y-linked alleles in males and found an overall trend of reduced expression of Y-linked alleles, consistent with a widespread ongoing degeneration of the S. latifolia Y chromosome. By comparing expression intensities of X-linked alleles in males and females, we found that X-linked allele expression increases as Y-linked allele expression decreases in males, which makes expression of sex-linked contigs similar in both sexes. This phenomenon is known as dosage compensation and has so far only been observed in evolutionary old animal sex chromosome systems. Our results suggest that dosage compensation has evolved in plants and that it can quickly evolve de novo after the origin of sex chromosomes.

2012-08-24 | GSE35563 | GEO

Flower development and sex determination in Vernicia fordii

Project description:To further elucidate the molecular mechanism underling sex determination at the divergence stage of male and female flowers, the comparative transcriptome analysis was performed. In total, 56,065 unigenes were generated 24,567 transcripts were identified. Among 608 differential expression genes (DEGs), 310 DEGs showed significant expression in males and 298 DEGs in females. The data showed that the sexual dimorphism of female flowers was affected by jasmonic acid, transcription factors and some genes related with activity of floral meristem, which were considered as the candidate sex determination genes. In this study, interesting information will be provided in understanding the development of unisexual flower and the regulatory networks hidden the sex determination in V. fordii, which is useful for the practice of improving its yield.

2017-05-09 | GSE98631 | GEO

Sex and cell-specific gene expression in corticolimbic brain regions associated with psychiatric disorders revealed by bulk and single-nuclei RNA sequencing

Project description:Background There are sex-specific differences in the prevalence, symptomology and course of psychiatric disorders. However, preclinical models have primarily used males, such that the molecular mechanisms underlying sex-specific differences in psychiatric disorders are not well established. Methods In this study, we compared transcriptome-wide gene expression profiles in male and female rats within the corticolimbic system, including the cingulate cortex, nucleus accumbens medial shell (NAcS), ventral dentate gyrus and the basolateral amygdala (n=22-24 per group/region). Findings We found over 3,000 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the NAcS between males and females. Of these DEGs in the NAcS, 303 showed sex-dependent conservation DEGs in humans and were significantly enriched for gene ontology terms related to blood vessel morphogenesis and regulation of cell migration. Single nuclei RNA sequencing in the NAcS of male and female rats identified widespread sex-dependent expression, with genes upregulated in females showing a notable enrichment for synaptic function. Female upregulated genes in Astrocytes, Drd3+MSNs and Oligodendrocyte were also enriched in several psychiatric genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Interpretation Our data provide comprehensive evidence of sex- and cell-specific molecular profiles in the NAcS. Importantly these differences associate with anxiety, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and cross- disorder, suggesting an intrinsic molecular basis for sex-based differences in psychiatric disorders that strongly implicates the NAcS.

2021-03-10 | GSE168599 | GEO

Sex dependent transcriptomic and reproductive response of the diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) to cold stress

Project description:Temperature has fundamental influences on fitness and distribution of insects. There have been very few studies on effects of mild cold conditions on insects. We found Plutella xylostella had reduced fitness and females produced few viable eggs when reared at 10°C, a temperature at which they can complete development. Male moths reared at 10°C were not able to fertilize eggs, but the eggs produced by female moths reared at this temperature were viable and could be fertilisied by males moths reared at a warmer temperature (25°C). Subsequently, we examined the transcriptomic changes in mid-fourth instar female and male larvae reared at 10°C and 25°C to investigate sex-dependent developmental and physiological responses of P. xylostella to the mild cold stress. We found 624 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in females, the majority of which were down-regulated. In males 3239 genes were dysregulated and the majority were up-regulated. Only 280 DEGs were common to both sexes. In females, no DEGs encoded heat shock or cold shock proteins, but some of the DEGs in males did encode these proteins. These differences might suggest that female and male adopt some different strategies in coping with cold stress and/or they were passively affected by coldness to different degrees and in different ways. In addition, DEGs encoding antimicrobial peptides, cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, fatty acid-related enzymes, cuticle proteins, myofilament, and hormone-related proteins were found in both sexes under cold stress. The transcriptome study reveals unexpected sex-dependent thermal responses and provides much new information of how insects that do not diapause cope with a decreased temperature

2023-06-01 | GSE154004 | GEO

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