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Oncogene-like induction of cellular invasion from centrosome amplification

ABSTRACT: Centrosome amplification has long been recognized as a feature of human tumors, however its role in tumorigenesis remains unclear. Centrosome amplification is poorly tolerated by non-transformed cells, and, in the absence of selection, extra centrosomes are spontaneously lost. Thus, the high frequency of centrosome amplification, particularly in more aggressive tumors, raises the possibility that extra centrosomes could, in some contexts, confer advantageous characteristics that promote tumor progression. Using a three-dimensional model system and other approaches to culture human mammary epithelial cells, we find that centrosome amplification triggers cell invasion. This invasive behavior is similar to that induced by overexpression of the breast cancer oncogene ErbB2 and indeed enhances invasiveness triggered by ErbB2. We show that, through increased centrosomal microtubule nucleation, centrosome amplification increases Rac1 activity, which disrupts normal cell-cell adhesion and promotes invasion. These findings demonstrate that centrosome amplification, a structural alteration of the cytoskeleton, can promote features of malignant transformation.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE55042 | GEO | 2014/03/01

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA238351

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Oncogene-like induction of cellular invasion from centrosome amplification

Project description:Centrosome amplification has long been recognized as a feature of human tumors, however its role in tumorigenesis remains unclear. Centrosome amplification is poorly tolerated by non-transformed cells, and, in the absence of selection, extra centrosomes are spontaneously lost. Thus, the high frequency of centrosome amplification, particularly in more aggressive tumors, raises the possibility that extra centrosomes could, in some contexts, confer advantageous characteristics that promote tumor progression. Using a three-dimensional model system and other approaches to culture human mammary epithelial cells, we find that centrosome amplification triggers cell invasion. This invasive behavior is similar to that induced by overexpression of the breast cancer oncogene ErbB2 and indeed enhances invasiveness triggered by ErbB2. We show that, through increased centrosomal microtubule nucleation, centrosome amplification increases Rac1 activity, which disrupts normal cell-cell adhesion and promotes invasion. These findings demonstrate that centrosome amplification, a structural alteration of the cytoskeleton, can promote features of malignant transformation. genome-wide human SNP 6.0 arrays from Affymetrix was used to determine the copy number changes of MCF10A cells with extra centrosomes or depleted of MCAK after grown 4 days in 3-D cultures

2014-03-01 | E-GEOD-55042 | biostudies-arrayexpress

FBXL13 regulates centrosome homeostasis and migration through ubiquitin- mediated proteolysis

Project description:Aberrant centrosome organization with ensuing alterations of microtubule nucleation enables tumor cells to proliferate and invade despite increased genomic instability. CEP192 is a key factors in the initiation process of centrosome duplication and in the control of centrosome microtubule nucleation. However, regulatory means of CEP192 have remained unknown. Here we report that FBXL13, a binding determinant of SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-Box)-family E3 ubiquitin ligases, is enriched at centrosomes and interacts with the centrosomal proteins Centrin-2, Centrin-3, CEP152, and CEP192. Among these, CEP192 is specifically targeted for proteasomal degredation by FBXL13. Accordingly, induced FBXL13 expression downregulates centrosomal γ-tubulin, and disrupts centrosomal microtubule arrays. In addition, depletion of FBXL13 induces high levels of CEP192 and γ-tubulin at the centrosomes corresponding to defects in cell motility. Together, we characterize FBXL13 as a novel regulator of microtubule nucleation activity and highlight a role in promoting cell motility with potential tumor-promoting implications.

2018-01-16 | PXD008310 | Pride

Centrosome amplification is sufficient to promote spontaneous tumorigenesis in mammals

Project description:Centrosome amplification is a common feature of human tumors, but whether this is a cause or a consequence of human cancer remains unclear. Here, we report the creation of a mouse model in which centrosome number can be persistently increased in the absence of additional genetic defects. We show that extra centrosomes increase tumor initiation in a mouse model of intestinal neoplasia. Most importantly, we demonstrate that supernumerary centrosomes are sufficient to drive development of spontaneous tumors in multiple tissues. Tumors with centrosome amplification exhibit frequent mitotic errors and possess complex karyotypes, recapitulating a common feature of human cancer. Together, our data support a direct causal relationship between centrosome amplification, genomic instability and tumor development. The sequences in this dataset result from random whole-genome DNA sequencing of spontaneous T- cell lymphomas, B-cell lymphomas, squamous cell carcinomas and one sarcoma from doxycycline-treated Plk4 mice.

2017-02-04 | E-MTAB-5043 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Centrosome amplification triggers tumorigenesis in p53 deficient epidermis

Project description:While aneuploidy is found in more than 90% of solid tumors, it is unclear whether aneuploidy is the cause or the consequence of tumorigenesis. Different mouse models deficient in centrosomal or spindle checkpoint proteins that induce aneuploidy show either a promotion or a decrease in tumorigenesis depending on the tissues and the types of oncogenic stimuli. To investigate the effects of aneuploidy in skin development and tumorigenesis, we used Plk4 over-expression (Plk4OE) during epidermal development to assess centrosome amplification and aneuploidy. We found that PLK4OE in the developing epidermis induced centrosome amplification and multipolar divisions, consequently led to p53 stabilization and apoptosis of epidermal progenitors. This delayed epidermal stratification and induced lethal skin barrier defect in 50% of the mice. Plk4 transgene expression was shutdown postnatally in the surviving mice and PLK4OE mice never developed spontaneous skin tumors. Concomitant Plk4OE and P53 deletion (PLK4OE/p53cKO) rescued the defects in differentiation and stratification. Unexpectedly, p53 deletion did not rescue the apoptosis or eventual elimination of the cells overexpressing PLK4 and presenting multiple centrosomes. Remarkably, the short term presence of cells with supernumerary centrosomes postnatally was sufficient to generate aneuploidy and triggered spontaneous skin cancers with complete penetrance. These results reveal for the first time that aneuploidy induced by centrosome amplification, even if transient, can trigger tumorigenesis.

2015-10-27 | E-MTAB-3733 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Gene expression comparison of MCF10A cells with and without extra centrosomes through overexpression of PLK4

Project description:The presence of extra centrosomes is a feature of human tumours. However, it is unclear what are the changes elicited by the presence of these abnormalities. To determine the changes in gene expression induced by centrosome amplification, human mammary epithelial cells, MCF10A, expressing a doxycycline inducible PLK4 cDNA were used. Centrosome amplification was induced for 48 hrs upon the addition of doxycyclin to the culture medium. RNA was purified from MCF10A cells without extra centrosomes (no dox) and with extra centrosomes (dox) and processed for microarray analysis.

2018-02-10 | E-MTAB-6415 | biostudies-arrayexpress

CEP120 Promotes Centrosome Amplification And Progression Of Gastric Cancer Via USP54-Mediated Deubiquitination Of PLK4

Project description:Centrosomal protein 120 (CEP120) is a 120kD centrosome protein that plays an important role in centrosome replication. Overexpression of CEP120 can lead to centrosome amplification, which is closely associated with tumorigenesis and development. However, there are no reports on the relationship between CEP120 and tumors. In our study, overexpression of CEP120 promoted centrosome amplification in gastric cancer (GC), and the role of CEP120 in promoting GC progression was demonstrated in vitro and in vivo. We demonstrated that CEP120 promotes centrosome amplification and GC progression by promoting the expression and centrosome aggregation of the deubiquitinating enzyme USP54, maintaining the stability of PLK4 and reducing its ubiquitination degradation. In conclusion, the CEP120-USP54-PLK4 axis may play an important role in promoting centrosome amplification and GC progression, thus providing a potential therapeutic target for GC.

2023-01-04 | GSE217567 | GEO

Potential involvement of KANK1 haploinsufficiency in centrosome aberrations

Project description:KANK1 was found as a tumor suppressor gene based on frequent deletions in renal cell carcinoma and the inhibitory activity of tumor cell proliferation. Previously, we reported that knockdown of KANK1 induced centrosomal amplification, leading to abnormal cell division, through the hyperactivation of RhoA small GTPase. Here, we explored to the effect of loss of function of KANK1 through CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing to knockout the gene. After several rounds of genome editing, however, there were no cell lines with complete loss of KANK1, and it was found that less the wild-type KANK1 dosage was, greater the number of cells with abnormal numbers of centrosomes and the rates of cell-doubling times and apoptosis were, suggesting the involvement of KANK1 haploinsufficiency in centrosome aberrations. RNA-sequencing analysis of the cells with reduced dosages of functional KANK1 revealed potential involvement of other cell proliferation-related genes, such as EGR1, MDGA2 and BMP3, which were reported to show haploinsufficiency when they function. Thus, haploinsufficiency of KANK1 may contribute to centrosome aberrations through the network of haploinsufficiency-related genes.

2023-12-31 | GSE233700 | GEO

RNA-seq of cells with centrosome amplification

Project description:Centrosome amplification induces proliferation arrest and cell invasion. The fate of centrosome amplification cells are studied here.

2021-10-07 | E-MTAB-11126 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Gene expression in mitotic tissues of Drosophila larvae without centrosomes or too many centrosomes

2012-08-20 | GSE35240 | GEO

Gene expression in mitotic tissues of Drosophila larvae without centrosomes or too many centrosomes

Project description:Centrosome defects are a common feature of many cancers. Surprisingly, flies can proceed through the majority of development without centrosomes or with amplified centrosomes in most of their cells. It is unclear whether this is because centrosome defects do not cause many problems in Drosophila cells, or because they can adapt to cope with any problems that arise. Indeed, centrosome loss and centrosome amplification predispose fly brain cells to form tumours. Here we assess how centrosome loss or centrosome amplification perturbs cell physiology by profiling the global transcriptome of Drosophila larval brains and imaginal discs that either lack centrosomes or have too many centrosomes. Mitotic tissues (brains and imaginal discs) were dissected from 3rd instar Drosophila larvae of mutants lacking centrosomes (DSas-4 and DSas-6), a strain with too many centrosomes (SakOE) and two different wild type strains (w67 and OregonR). We extracted RNA from three biological replicates per strain and used it for hybridisation to Affymetrix Drosophila Genome 2.0 arrays. Per biological sample, material dissected from ten larvae was pooled. Gene expression of the mutant strains was compared to both wild type controls.

2012-08-20 | E-GEOD-35240 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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