Gene expression profiles from joint-matched macroscopically intact and OA affected cartilage of patients undergoing joint replacement surgery due to end-stage OA
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE57218 | GEO | 2014/07/28
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA246321
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Genome wide gene expression was determined in paired samples of OA affected and preserved cartilage of the same joint using microarray analysis for 33 patients of the RAAK-study. Among the 1717 genes that were significantly different expressed between OA affected and preserved cartilage we found significant enrichment for genes involved in skeletal development (e.g. TNFRSF11B and FRZB). Also several inflammatory genes such as CD55, PTGES and TNFAIP6, previously identified in within-joint analyses as well as in analyses comparing preserved cartilage from OA affected joints versus healthy cartilage were among the top genes. A notable new gene was NGF, highly up-regulated in OA cartilage. To identify gene expression profiles associated with OA processes in articular cartilage and determine pathways responsive to the disease process gene expression profiles of paired preserved and OA affected cartilage samples of the same joint were determined.
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Project description:Mechanical Stimuli are arguably the most important aetiolgical factors in osteoarthritis (OA) development. Not only do we see disease arising from joints where the cartilage has sustained direct (e.g. intraarticular fracture) or indirect (e.g. meniscal injury) trauma, but mechanical factors are considered, at least partly, to explain the disease associations with aging and obesity. It is now well established that OA is not simply due to repeated wear and tear, leading to attrition of the articular surfaces, but that it requires activation of a number of inflammatory genes, which drive catabolic protease activity in the joint. These enzymes lead to breakdown of the major extracellular matrix components of cartilage, namely type II collagen, and the proteoglycan, aggrecan. Although it is unclear precisely which enzymes are responsible for matrix breakdown in human OA, Glasson et al showed that deletion of the aggrecan degrading enzyme, ADAMTS5 substantially protected the joint from surgically induced murine OA suggesting that it is a major aggrecanase in the mouse. This study was part of a wider study using the surgical model of murine OA, induced by destabilising the medial meniscus (DMM), to confirm the dependence of joint loading on disease progression and to reveal mechanosensitive genes within the joint which may be involved in the development of OA. Using this model we, and others, have shown that there is a robust degradation of articular cartilage over 4-12wks in male C57B/6 mice. We identified the gene response in joints early following induction of OA, prior to cartilage degradation, by extracting RNA from whole joints (after skin and muscle had been removed) 6hrs, 3 days and 7 days following sham and DMM surgery. An Affymetrix ST1 gene array was performed. Significantly regulated genes (>1.4 fold above naive and sham samples at any timepoint), or those considered to have a putative role in OA pathogenesis were selected for quantitative validation using Taqman low density microfluidic card arrays (TLDA). Gene expression in whole knee joints at 3 early time points post DMM surgery (before cartilage loss), 6hrs, 3days and 7days was examined. Two controls were identified, the first control consisted of age matched naïve mice that had undergone 15 minutes of anaesthesia but were not operated on (0hrs post surgery). The second control included mice which had undergone sham surgery (capsulotomy alone). For this RNA was taken at the same time points post surgery as DMM samples (6hrs, 3days and 7days). There were three biological replicates per condition (total of 21 samples). The right (ipsilateral) knee joint was taken and RNA extracted and processed for microarray analysis using the Affymetrix Mouse Gene 1.0 st v1 platform.
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Project description:Proteoglycan 4 (PRG4) is an extracellular matrix protein that maintains homeostasis through its boundary lubricating and anti-inflammatory properties. Altered expression and function of PRG4 have been associated with joint inflammatory diseases, including osteoarthritis (OA). We found that mast cell tryptase cleaves PRG4 in a dose- and time-dependent manner, which was confirmed by silver stain gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. Tryptase-treated PRG4 resulted in a reduction of lubrication. Compared to full-length, processed PRG4 was shown to further activate NF-B expression in cells overexpressing TLR2, -4, and -5. In the destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) model of OA in rat, tryptase and PRG4 colocalized at the site of injury in knee cartilage and were associated with disease severity. Primary synovial fibroblasts from OA patients or healthy subjects treated with tryptase and/or PRG4, and synovial cells from OA patients, were subjected to a quantitative shotgun proteomics and proteome changes were characterized, further supporting the role of NF-B activation. We identified tryptase as a modulator of joint lubrication via the processing of PRG4 in OA.
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Project description:Autologous chondrocyte transplantation (ACT) is a routine technique to regenerate focal cartilage lesions. However, patients with osteoarthritis (OA) are lacking an appropriate long-lasting treatment alternative, partly since it is not known if chondrocytes from OA patients have the same chondrogenic differentiation potential as chondrocytes from donors not affected by OA. Articular chondrocytes from patients with OA undergoing total knee replacement (Mankin Score >3, Ahlbäck Score >2) and from patients undergoing ACT, here referred to as normal donors (ND), were isolated applying protocols used for ACT. Their chondrogenic differentiation potential was evaluated both in high-density pellet and scaffold (Hyaff-11) cultures by histological proteoglycan assessment (Bern Score) and immunohistochemistry for collagen types I and II. Chondrocytes cultured in monolayer and scaffolds were subjected to gene expression profiling using genome-wide oligonucleotide microarrays. Expression data were verified by using quantitative RT-PCR. Chondrocytes from ND and OA donors demonstrated accumulation of comparable amounts of cartilage matrix components, including sulphated proteoglycans and collagen types I and II. The mRNA expression of cartilage markers (COL2A1, COMP, aggrecan, CRTL1, SOX9) and genes involved in matrix synthesis (biglycan, COL9A2, COL11A1, TIMP4, CILP2) was highly induced in 3D cultures of chondrocytes from both donor groups. Genes associated with hypertrophic or OA cartilage (COL10A1, RUNX2, periostin, ALP, PTHR1, MMP13, COL1A1, COL3A1) were not significantly regulated between the two groups of donors. The expression of 661 genes, including COMP, FN1, and SOX9, were differentially regulated between OA and ND chondrocytes cultured in monolayer. During scaffold culture, the differences diminished between the OA and ND chondrocytes, and only 184 genes were differentially regulated. Only few genes were differentially expressed between OA and ND chondrocytes in Hyaff-11 culture. The risk of differentiation into hypertrophic cartilage does not seem to be increased for OA chondrocytes. Our findings suggest that the chondrogenic capacity is not significantly affected by OA and OA chondrocytes fulfill the requirements for matrix-associated ACT. Keywords: time course, cell type comparison, tissue engineered cartilage; osteoarthritis; Hyaff-11 scaffold; human chondrocytes; gene expression profiling; regenerative medicine; differentiation potential
2009-09-02 | GSE16464 | GEO
Project description:Autologous chondrocyte transplantation (ACT) is a routine technique to regenerate focal cartilage lesions. However, patients with osteoarthritis (OA) are lacking an appropriate long-lasting treatment alternative, partly since it is not known if chondrocytes from OA patients have the same chondrogenic differentiation potential as chondrocytes from donors not affected by OA. Articular chondrocytes from patients with OA undergoing total knee replacement (Mankin Score >3, Ahlbäck Score >2) and from patients undergoing ACT, here referred to as normal donors (ND), were isolated applying protocols used for ACT. Their chondrogenic differentiation potential was evaluated both in high-density pellet and scaffold (Hyaff-11) cultures by histological proteoglycan assessment (Bern Score) and immunohistochemistry for collagen types I and II. Chondrocytes cultured in monolayer and scaffolds were subjected to gene expression profiling using genome-wide oligonucleotide microarrays. Expression data were verified by using quantitative RT-PCR. Chondrocytes from ND and OA donors demonstrated accumulation of comparable amounts of cartilage matrix components, including sulphated proteoglycans and collagen types I and II. The mRNA expression of cartilage markers (COL2A1, COMP, aggrecan, CRTL1, SOX9) and genes involved in matrix synthesis (biglycan, COL9A2, COL11A1, TIMP4, CILP2) was highly induced in 3D cultures of chondrocytes from both donor groups. Genes associated with hypertrophic or OA cartilage (COL10A1, RUNX2, periostin, ALP, PTHR1, MMP13, COL1A1, COL3A1) were not significantly regulated between the two groups of donors. The expression of 661 genes, including COMP, FN1, and SOX9, were differentially regulated between OA and ND chondrocytes cultured in monolayer. During scaffold culture, the differences diminished between the OA and ND chondrocytes, and only 184 genes were differentially regulated. Only few genes were differentially expressed between OA and ND chondrocytes in Hyaff-11 culture. The risk of differentiation into hypertrophic cartilage does not seem to be increased for OA chondrocytes. Our findings suggest that the chondrogenic capacity is not significantly affected by OA and OA chondrocytes fulfill the requirements for matrix-associated ACT. Keywords: time course, cell type comparison, tissue engineered cartilage; osteoarthritis; Hyaff-11 scaffold; human chondrocytes; gene expression profiling; regenerative medicine; differentiation potential
2009-09-02 | GSE16464 | GEO