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Muscle transcriptome analysis of mouse models of partial trisomy and monosomy 21

ABSTRACT: Aneuploidies of human chromosome 21 (Down syndrome (DS) and monosomy 21 (M21)) lead to variable physiological abnormalities with constant mental retardation, locomotor deficits and altered muscle tone. To search for dosage-sensitive genes involved in DS and M21 phenotypes, we created two new mouse models carrying either tandem duplication (Ts2Yah) or a deletion (Ms3Yah) of the Stch-App interval homologous and syntenic with 21q11.2-q21.3 in humans. Here we report the complex mirror phenotypes of the trisomy and monosomy involving locomotion, muscle strength, mass and energetic balance that vary while ageing. Expression profiling of skeletal muscles revealed global changes in the expression of genes implicated in energetic metabolism, mitochondrial activity and biogenesis with down-regulation in Ts2Yah and up-regulation in Ms3Yah mice. The shift in skeletal muscle metabolism correlated with a change in mitochondrial proliferation without an alteration of the respiratory function. However ROS production from mitochondrial complex I decreased in Ms3Yah mice while membrane permeability of Ts2Yah mitochondria slightly increased. Our results clearly demonstrate the central versus peripheral impact of the variation of copy number of the Stch-App region on the locomotor activity, muscle biology and mitochondrial biogenesis in models of these aneuploidies.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE58463 | GEO | 2015/12/31

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA252691

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Persons with Down syndrome (DS) exhibit low muscle strength that significantly impairs their physical functioning. The Ts65Dn mouse model of DS also exhibits muscle weakness in vivo and may serve as a useful model to examine potential factors responsible for DS-associated muscle dysfunction. Therefore, the purpose of this experiment was to directly assess skeletal muscle function in the Ts65Dn mouse and to reveal potential mechanisms of DS-associated muscle weakness. Soleus muscles were harvested from anesthetized male Ts65Dn and wild-type (WT) colony controls. In vitro muscle contractile experiments revealed normal force generation of unfatigued Ts65Dn soleus, but a 12% reduction in force was observed in Ts65Dn muscle during recovery following fatiguing contractions compared to WT muscle (p<0.05). Oxidative stress may contribute to DS-related pathologies, including muscle weakness, which may be the result of overexpression of chromosome 21 genes (e.g., copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1)). SOD1 expression was 25% higher (p<0.05) in Ts65Dn soleus compared to WT muscle but levels of other antioxidant proteins were unchanged. Lipid peroxidation (4-hydroxynoneal) was unaltered in Ts65Dn muscle although protein carbonyls were 20% greater compared to muscle of WT animals (p<0.05). Cytochrome c oxidase expression was reduced 22% in Ts65Dn muscle, suggesting a limitation in mitochondrial function may contribute to post-fatigue muscle weakness. Microarray analysis of Ts65Dn soleus revealed alteration of numerous cellular pathways including: proteolysis, glucose and fat metabolism, neuromuscular transmission, and ATP biosynthesis. In summary, the Ts65Dn mouse displays evidence of muscle dysfunction, and the potential role of mitochondria and oxidative stress warrants further investigation. We used microarrays to gain insight into potential mechanisms of DS-associated skeletal muscle weakness. Soleus muscles were obtained from four male Ts65Dn (DS) mice and four male colony control mice. Animals were apparently healthy and approximately five months old. The muscles were harvested in the basal state under anesthesia induced by sodium pentobarbital at approximately the same time of the day.

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Muscle transcriptome analysis of mouse models of partial trisomy and monosomy 21

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