Recruitment of the NineTeen Complex to the activated spliceosome requires AtPRMT5
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Arabidopsis thaliana
PROVIDER: GSE62611 | GEO | 2017/05/19
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA264533
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Pre-mRNA splicing requires assembly of spliceosome that consists of hundreds of factors forming various dynamic complexes with or without small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). Systematic identification of the splicing factors remains a significant challenge especially in vivo. In our genetic screening for the factors required for division asynchrony during Caenorhabditis elegans embryogenesis, we identified a highly conserved but uncharacterized essential protein, GAD-1, that is necessary for setting cell cycle length of intestine progenitors, a function that is shared with many other factors involved in transcription, pre-mRNA splicing or polyadenylation, suggesting its potential role in mRNA biogenesis. Co-immunoprecipitation followed by mass spectrometry reveals that GAD-1 mainly interacts with non-snRNP type of splicing complex called NineTeen Complex (NTC). Consistent with this, RNA-seq analysis demonstrates pervasive defects in pre-mRNA splicing in gad-1 mutants. Transgenic reporter assay shows its ubiquitous and nuclear expression across developmental stages. Immunostaining of the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II demonstrates a GAD-1’s role in transcription elongation. In agreement with this, depletion of GAD-1 and its interacting partners inhibits expression of both ubiquitous and tissue-specific genes, supporting that both GAD-1 and many of its interacting proteins are novel components of NTC or its associated spliceosome. Taken together, we identify GAD-1 and its multiple interacting partners as novel components of spliceosome in vivo through which they regulate pre-mRNA splicing and transcription elongation.
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Project description:The spliceosome is a dynamic macromolecular machine that catalyzes the removal of introns from pre-mRNA to make mature message. Schizosaccharomyces pombe Cwf10 (homolog Saccharomyces cerevisiae Snu114 and of Human U5-116K), an integral member of the U5 snRNP, is a GTPase that shares sequence homology with the eukaryotic translation elongation factor EF2. Cwf10 is required for pre-mRNA splicing; however, its mechanism(s) of action is still not understood. Cwf10/Snu114 family members contain a conserved N-terminal extension (NTE) that lacks homology with EF2 and has been predicted to be an intrinsically unfolded domain. Using S. pombe as a model system, we show that the NTE is not essential, but cells lacking this domain are defective in pre-mRNA splicing at all temperatures. Genetic interactions between cwf10-ΔNTE and other pre-mRNA splicing mutants are consistent with a role for the NTE in spliceosome activation. Characterization of Cwf10-NTE by various biophysical techniques shows the NTE contains both regions of structure and disorder in solution. The first twenty-three highly-conserved amino acids of the NTE are essential for its role in splicing, but are not sufficient to restore pre-mRNA splicing to wild-type levels in cwf10-∆NTE cells. When the NTE is overexpressed in the cwf10-ΔNTE background, it can complement the truncated Cwf10 protein in trans, and it also immunoprecipitates a complex similar in composition to the late-stage U5.U2/U6 spliceosome. These data show that the structurally flexible NTE is capable of making specific contacts within the spliceosome that may facilitate Cwf10’s overall role facilitating spliceosome rearrangements.
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