A global gene expression analysis in the shoot apical meristem of maize (Zea mays L.)
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Zea mays
PROVIDER: GSE6267 | GEO | 2007/06/07
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA100553
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:All above ground organs of higher plants are ultimately derived from specialized organogenic structures called shoot apical meristems (SAMs). It is comprised of pluripotent stem cells, which divide to regenerate themselves as well as to provide cells to form other organs such as leaves and stems. To study global gene expression in maize SAM and very young primordia (P0 and P1), RNA was extracted from both SAMs (SAMs per se plus P0 and P1) and above-ground portions of seedlings collected from 14-day old B73 seedlings. These RNA samples were labeled and hybridized with cDNA microarrays that have 14,400 informative spots from maize. Statistical analyses showed that approximately 6.3% and 6.5% of the tested genes were significantly (p <0.0001) up- and down-regulated, respectively. Several control genes, whose expressions were confirmed in the maize SAM in the previous studies, were also up-regulated (p <0.01). The significantly up-regulated genes involved many novel transcription factor genes and regulatory genes as well as some kinds of enzymes, suggesting these genes play important roles in meristem maintenance and the early stage of leaf development in maize. Interestingly, several retrotransposon-related genes were greatly up-regulated in the SAM. This finding raised the possibility that retrotransposons are involved in regulatory mechanisms of maize SAM. An experimental aim is to identify genes preferentially expressed in maize SAM by comparing the transcript abundant between SAMs and seedlings using cDNA microarrays that have 14,400 informative spots from maize.
2010-06-25 | E-GEOD-4722 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:All above ground organs of higher plants are ultimately derived from specialized organogenic structures called shoot apical meristems (SAMs). It is comprised of pluripotent stem cells, which divide to regenerate themselves as well as to provide cells to form other organs such as leaves and stems. To study global gene expression in maize SAM and very young primordia (P0 and P1), RNA was extracted from both SAMs (SAMs per se plus P0 and P1) and above-ground portions of seedlings collected from 14-day old B73 seedlings. These RNA samples were labeled and hybridized with cDNA microarrays that have 14,400 informative spots from maize. Statistical analyses showed that approximately 6.3% and 6.5% of the tested genes were significantly (p <0.0001) up- and down-regulated, respectively. Several control genes, whose expressions were confirmed in the maize SAM in the previous studies, were also up-regulated (p <0.01). The significantly up-regulated genes involved many novel transcription factor genes and regulatory genes as well as some kinds of enzymes, suggesting these genes play important roles in meristem maintenance and the early stage of leaf development in maize. Interestingly, several retrotransposon-related genes were greatly up-regulated in the SAM. This finding raised the possibility that retrotransposons are involved in regulatory mechanisms of maize SAM. Keywords: cell type comparison design
2007-11-13 | GSE4722 | GEO
Project description:All above ground organs of higher plants are ultimately derived from specialized organogenic structures called shoot apical meristems (SAMs). It is comprised of pluripotent stem cells, which divide to regenerate themselves as well as to provide cells to form other organs such as leaves and stems. To study global gene expression in maize SAM and very young primordia (P0 and P1), RNA was extracted from both whole SAMs (SAMs, P0 and P1) and whole seedlings (above ground part of seedlings) collected from 14-day old B73 seedlings. These RNA samples were labeled and hybridized with cDNA microarrays that have about 30,000 maize cDNA clones. Statistical analyses showed that approximately 7% and 8% of the tested genes were significantly up-regulated and down-regulated, respectively. Several control genes, whose expressions were confirmed in the maize SAM in the previous studies, were significantly up-regulated. Many histone genes and cell cycle related genes were also significantly up-regulated. Those observations validated our microarray results. The significantly up-regulated genes involved many novel transcription factor genes and regulatory genes as well as some kind of enzymes, suggesting those genes play important roles in meristem maintenance and the early stage of leaf development in maize. Surprisingly, several retrotransposon-related genes were greatly up-regulated with the statistical significance. This finding raised the possibility that retrotransposons are involved in regulatory mechanism of maize SAM. An experimental aim is to identify genes preferentially expressed in maize SAM by comparing the transcript abundant between whole SAMs and whole seedlings using cDNA microarrays that have about 30,000 maize cDNA clones.
2010-06-25 | E-GEOD-4004 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:All above ground organs of higher plants are ultimately derived from specialized organogenic structures called shoot apical meristems (SAMs). It is comprised of pluripotent stem cells, which divide to regenerate themselves as well as to provide cells to form other organs such as leaves and stems. To study global gene expression in maize SAM and very young primordia (P0 and P1), RNA was extracted from both whole SAMs (SAMs, P0 and P1) and whole seedlings (above ground part of seedlings) collected from 14-day old B73 seedlings. These RNA samples were labeled and hybridized with cDNA microarrays that have about 30,000 maize cDNA clones. Statistical analyses showed that approximately 7% and 8% of the tested genes were significantly up-regulated and down-regulated, respectively. Several control genes, whose expressions were confirmed in the maize SAM in the previous studies, were significantly up-regulated. Many histone genes and cell cycle related genes were also significantly up-regulated. Those observations validated our microarray results. The significantly up-regulated genes involved many novel transcription factor genes and regulatory genes as well as some kind of enzymes, suggesting those genes play important roles in meristem maintenance and the early stage of leaf development in maize. Surprisingly, several retrotransposon-related genes were greatly up-regulated with the statistical significance. This finding raised the possibility that retrotransposons are involved in regulatory mechanism of maize SAM. Keywords: cell type comparison design
2007-11-13 | GSE4004 | GEO
Project description:All above ground organs of higher plants are ultimately derived from specialized organogenic structures termed shoot apical meristems (SAMs). The SAM exhibits distinctive structural organization, marked by cell layering. Maize SAMs are comprised of two cell layers, L1 (single cell layered tunica) and L2 (corpus). To identify genes required for layer-specific functions intact maize SAMs were fixed, embedded in paraffin and sectioned. L1 and L2 cells were isolated from these sections via laser capture microdissection (LCM). RNA was isolated from six biological replications of L1 and L2, amplified and hybridized to microarrays spotted with ~37,000 maize cDNA clones. This experiment identified ~700 ESTs that are preferentially expressed in the L1 or the L2 (P <0.001). The L1-up-regulated ESTs included ZmOCL1 and ZmOCL4, which are known to exhibit L1-specific expression in the maize SAM. The L2-up-regulated ESTs included KNOTTED1, whose transcripts are known to accumulate in the L2 but not in the L1 of the maize SAM. Differentially expressed ESTs included genes involved in transcription, signal transduction, transport and metabolism, many of which are novel candidates that are required for layer-specific functions in the maize SAM. Several L1-up-regulated ESTs were annotated as yabby family genes or basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor-like genes, which have not previously been reported as having layer-specific expression in the SAM. Novel WW domain-containing genes (WW genes) were identified in this study. The WW domain mediates protein-protein interactions, often with signal transduction components. These WW genes were substantially up-regulated in the L1 relative to the L2. Keywords: Cell Type Comparison
2008-11-11 | GSE9610 | GEO
Project description:All above ground organs of higher plants are ultimately derived from shoot apical meristems (SAMs). The SAM exhibits distinctive structural organization, and monocot SAMs such as maize are comprised of two cell layers, a single cell layered tunica (L1) and a corpus (L2). Although recent research has revealed roles of these cell layers in the SAM, intra- and inter-cell-layer signaling networks involved in organ development remain largely unknown except for a few differentially expressed genes. Here, we used Illumnia technology to conduct RNA-seq of L1 and L2 cell layers in maize B73 maize shoot apical meristem.
2013-01-28 | GSE16868 | GEO
Project description:All above ground organs of higher plants are ultimately derived from specialized organogenic structures termed shoot apical meristems (SAMs). The SAM exhibits distinctive structural organization, marked by cell layering. Maize SAMs are comprised of two cell layers, L1 (single cell layered tunica) and L2 (corpus). To identify genes required for layer-specific functions intact maize SAMs were fixed, embedded in paraffin and sectioned. L1 and L2 cells were isolated from these sections via laser capture microdissection (LCM). RNA was isolated from six biological replications of L1 and L2, amplified and hybridized to microarrays spotted with ~37,000 maize cDNA clones. This experiment identified ~700 ESTs that are preferentially expressed in the L1 or the L2 (P <0.001). The L1-up-regulated ESTs included ZmOCL1 and ZmOCL4, which are known to exhibit L1-specific expression in the maize SAM. The L2-up-regulated ESTs included KNOTTED1, whose transcripts are known to accumulate in the L2 but not in the L1 of the maize SAM. Differentially expressed ESTs included genes involved in transcription, signal transduction, transport and metabolism, many of which are novel candidates that are required for layer-specific functions in the maize SAM. Several L1-up-regulated ESTs were annotated as yabby family genes or basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor-like genes, which have not previously been reported as having layer-specific expression in the SAM. Novel WW domain-containing genes (WW genes) were identified in this study. The WW domain mediates protein-protein interactions, often with signal transduction components. These WW genes were substantially up-regulated in the L1 relative to the L2. Keywords: Cell Type Comparison An experimental aim is to identify genes that are differentially expressed in distinct histological cell layers of maize SAM by comparing the transcript accumulation between L1 (single cell layered tunica) and L2 (corpus) using cDNA microarrays that have over 37,000 informative spots from maize.
2010-06-25 | E-GEOD-9610 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:All above ground organs of higher plants are ultimately derived from shoot apical meristems (SAMs). The SAM exhibits distinctive structural organization, and monocot SAMs such as maize are comprised of two cell layers, a single cell layered tunica (L1) and a corpus (L2). Although recent research has revealed roles of these cell layers in the SAM, intra- and inter-cell-layer signaling networks involved in organ development remain largely unknown except for a few differentially expressed genes. Here, we used Illumnia technology to conduct RNA-seq of L1 and L2 cell layers in maize B73 maize shoot apical meristem. Single sequencing library was constructed for L1 and L2 cell layer. Each library was sequenced using 2 lanes on a Solexa flow cell. Processed data file 'ZmB73_4a.53_filtered_genes.fasta' and its README file are linked below as supplementary files. The fasta file contains the gene model ID and corresponding sequence generated from maize genome project. This fasta file was used for the following samples: GSM418173, GSM418174, GSM420173, GSM420174, GSM422828, GSM422829.
2013-01-28 | E-GEOD-16868 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The shoot apical meristem (SAM) contains undifferentiated stem cells that are responsible for the initiation of above-ground organs, and eventually the general architecture of the plant. To gain insight into the nature of genetic programs and the regulatory networks underlying SAM function in soybean, we have used Affymetrix soybean GeneChip® to investigate the transcript profiles associated with micro-dissected SAMs or axillary meristems (AMs). While the microarray data disclosed the conservation of transcriptional signature between the two types of meristems, subsequent comparison of SAM transcript profile with that of non-meristem (NM) tissue revealed a total of 1090 and 1523 transcripts that are significantly up- or down-regulated in the SAM. Further in situ hybridization analysis on selected transcripts has implicated their roles in SAM maintenance and the establishment of organ polarity. We also identified a gene that could potentially serve as a novel marker that distinguishes the differentiating cells in the meristem from the pluripotent stem cells. Along with many unknowns, transcripts with putative annotation have also been identified that has allowed us to infer SAM regulatory roles for various families of transcription factors as well as products associated with auxin-mediated responses, cell division and proliferation, epigenetic regulation, miRNA regulation and protein turnover. Computational analysis on the promoter regions of Arabidopsis orthologs of genes with high expression in the soybean SAM revealed a conserved over-representation of three cis-acting regulatory motifs. Our microarray data thus represents a rich source of target genes for further study into the meristem function and maintenance. Keywords: meristem transcript profile
2009-02-20 | GSE10607 | GEO
Project description:Knowledge about an organism’s cell and tissue-specific transcriptional repertoire is essential for understanding the gene regulatory circuits that control key developmental events. The shoot apical meristem (SAM) is responsible for development of all the above ground parts of plants. Our understanding of SAM at the molecular level is far from complete. The present work investigates the global gene expression repertoire of SAMs in the garden pea (Pisum sativum). To this end, 10,346 EST sequences representing 7611 unique genes were generated from pea SAM cDNA libraries. These sequences, together with previously reported ESTs, were used to construct a 12K oligonucleotide array used to identify genes exhibiting differential SAM expression, as compared to the axillary meristem, root apical meristem, and non-meristematic tissues. We identified a number of genes that are predominantly expressed in specific cell layers or domains of the SAM, and thus are likely components of the gene networks involved in stem cell maintenance and initiation of lateral organ primordial cells. In situ hybridization confirmed the spatial localisation of some of these key genes within the SAM. Our data also indicate the diversification of some gene expression patterns and functions in legume crop plants.
2009-10-26 | GSE13451 | GEO