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Highly condensed chromatins are formed adjacent to subtelomeric and decondensed silent chromatin in fission yeast

ABSTRACT: It is generally believed that silent chromatin is condensed and transcriptionally active chromatin is decondensed. However, little is known about the relationship between condensation levels and gene expression. Here we report condensation levels of interphase chromatin in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe examined by super-resolution fluorescence microscopy. Unexpectedly, silent chromatin was observed to be less condensed than the euchromatin. Furthermore, the telomeric silent regions were flanked by highly condensed chromatin bodies, or “knobs”. Knob regions span approximately 50 kb of sequence devoid of methylated histones. Knob condensation was independent of HP1 homolog Swi6 and other gene silencing factors. Disruption of methylation at lysine 36 of histone H3 (H3K36) eliminated knob formation and gene repression at the subtelomeric and adjacent knob regions. Thus, epigenetic marks atH3K36 play crucial roles in the formation of a unique chromatin structure and in gene regulation at those regions in S. pombe.

ORGANISM(S): Schizosaccharomyces pombe

PROVIDER: GSE63826 | GEO | 2015/07/27

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA269170

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Schizosaccharomyces pombe

Project description:Highly condensed chromatins are formed adjacent to subtelomeric and decondensed silent chromatin in fission yeast

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Project description:Eukaryotic DNA is packaged into chromatin in the nucleus, which restricts the binding of transcription factors (TFs) to the target DNA sites. FOXA1 functions as a pioneer TF to bind condensed chromatin and initiates the opening of local chromatin for gene expression. However, the principles of how FOXA1 recruits to and unpacks the condensed chromatin remain elusive. Here, we revealed that FOXA1 intrinsically undergoes phase separation through its N-PrLD and C-IDR regions, identified as phase separation region (PSR). Notably, the phase separation property confers FOXA1 the ability to dissolve the chromatin condensates. In addition, the DNA-binding capacity of FOXA1 contributes to its phase separation property. Further genome-wide investigation showed that FOXA1 is recruited to and unpacks the condensed chromatin by its PSR to regulate the function of breast cancer cells. This work provides a principal example of how pioneer TFs function to initiate competent chromatin states by phase separation.

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Phase Separation of FOXA1 Unpacks the Condensed Chromatin to Function as a Pioneer Factor [ATAC-seq]

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