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Nitrosomonas europaea cells treated with chloroform for one hour and compared to untreated cells

ABSTRACT: We analyzed the global transcriptional response of N. europaea when exposed to chloroform (7 µM for 1 h). Chloroform led to down regulation of 501 genes and up regulation of 251 genes. These up regulated genes included genes for heat shock proteins, sigmafactors of extracytoplasmic function subfamily and newly identified genes of toxin-antitoxin loci in N. europaea. Our study showed that despite a significant decrease of transcription in response to the stress, N. europaea expresses a plethora of defense genes when exposed to chloroform. Keywords: stress response, global transcription, toxin-antitoxin genes

ORGANISM(S): Nitrosomonas europaea

PROVIDER: GSE6488 | GEO | 2007/04/30

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA98661

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:The physiological and transcriptional response of Nitrosomonas europaea biofilms to phenol and toluene was examined and compared to suspended cells. Biofilms were grown in Drip Flow Biofilm Reactors under continuous flow conditions of growth medium containing ammonia as growth substrate. The responses of N. europaea biofilms to the aromatic hydrocarbons phenol and toluene were determined during short-term (3 h) additions of each compound to the biofilms. Ammonia oxidation in the biofilms was inhibited 50% by 60 uM phenol and 100 uM toluene. These concentrations were chosen for microarray analysis of phenol- and toluene-exposed N. europaea biofilms. Liquid batch cultures of exponentially growing N. europaea cells were harvested alongside the biofilms to determine differential gene expression between attached and suspended growth of N. europaea. Four sample groups of N. europaea cells were used in this study, with biological triplicates of each group. Groups were: Control (untreated) biofilms, phenol-exposed biofilms, toluene-exposed biofilms, and exponentially growing suspended cells. Biofilms were grown in Drip Flow Biofilm Reactors containing 4 independent growth channels and subject to 2 hour inhibition tests. During each experiment, 2 biofilm channels served as control with no inhibitor present and the other 2 biofilm channels were exposed to either 60 uM phenol or 100 uM toluene. Nitrite production was monitored throughout the experiment, and the given concentrations of phenol and toluene resulted in 50% inhibition of ammonia oxidation by the biofilms. Suspended cells were grown in batch reactors. Three 4-plex NimbleGen microarray chips were used, and each chip contained one sample from each experimental group. QC of samples was determined by spectrophotometric methods and using Agilent bioanalyzer traces to determine purity and integrity of RNA and cDNA. A sample tracking report was used to verify the correct hybridization of each sample to the intended array.

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Nitrosomonas europaea cells treated with chloroform for one hour and compared to untreated cells

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