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Grassland ecosystem responses to elevated CO2 are contingent on nitrogen conditions

ABSTRACT: To study whether and how soil nitrogen conditions affect the ecological effects of long-term elevated CO2 on microbial community and soil ecoprocess, here we investigated soil microbial community in a grassland ecosystem subjected to ambient CO2 (aCO2, 368 ppm), elevated CO2 (eCO2, 560 ppm), ambient nitrogen deposition (aN) or elevated nitrogen deposition (eN) treatments for a decade. Under the aN condition, a majority of microbial function genes, as measured by GeoChip 4.0, were increased in relative abundance or remained unchanged by eCO2. Under the eN condition, most of functional genes associated with carbon, nitrogen and sulfur cycling, energy processes, organic remediation and stress responses were decreased or remained unchanged by eCO2, while genes associated with antibiotics and metal resistance were increased. The eCO2 effects on fungi and archaea were largely similar under both nitrogen conditions, but differed substantially for bacteria. Coupling of microbial carbon or nitrogen cycling genes, represented by positive percentage and density of gene interaction in association networks, was higher under the aN condition. In accordance, changes of soil CO2 flux, net N mineralization, ammonification and nitrification was higher under the aN condition. Collectively, these results demonstrated that eCO2 effects are contingent on nitrogen conditions, underscoring the difficulty toward predictive modeling of soil ecosystem and ecoprocesses under future climate scenarios and necessitating more detailed studies.

ORGANISM(S): uncultured bacterium Bacteria

PROVIDER: GSE67531 | GEO | 2015/04/03

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA280167

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Grassland ecosystem responses to elevated CO2 are contingent on nitrogen conditions

Project description:To study whether and how soil nitrogen conditions affect the ecological effects of long-term elevated CO2 on microbial community and soil ecoprocess, here we investigated soil microbial community in a grassland ecosystem subjected to ambient CO2 (aCO2, 368 ppm), elevated CO2 (eCO2, 560 ppm), ambient nitrogen deposition (aN) or elevated nitrogen deposition (eN) treatments for a decade. Under the aN condition, a majority of microbial function genes, as measured by GeoChip 4.0, were increased in relative abundance or remained unchanged by eCO2. Under the eN condition, most of functional genes associated with carbon, nitrogen and sulfur cycling, energy processes, organic remediation and stress responses were decreased or remained unchanged by eCO2, while genes associated with antibiotics and metal resistance were increased. The eCO2 effects on fungi and archaea were largely similar under both nitrogen conditions, but differed substantially for bacteria. Coupling of microbial carbon or nitrogen cycling genes, represented by positive percentage and density of gene interaction in association networks, was higher under the aN condition. In accordance, changes of soil CO2 flux, net N mineralization, ammonification and nitrification was higher under the aN condition. Collectively, these results demonstrated that eCO2 effects are contingent on nitrogen conditions, underscoring the difficulty toward predictive modeling of soil ecosystem and ecoprocesses under future climate scenarios and necessitating more detailed studies. Fourty eight samples were collected for four different carbon and nitrogen treatment levels (aCaN,eCaN,aCeN and eCeN) ; Twelve replicates in every elevation

2015-04-03 | E-GEOD-67531 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Antagonistic interactive effects of CO2 and nitrogen on microbial community enhance the persistence of soil C storage

Project description:To study long-term elevated CO2 and enriched N deposition interactive effects on microbial community and soil ecoprocess, here we investigated soil microbial community in a grassland ecosystem subjected to ambient CO2 (aCO2, 368 ppm), elevated CO2 (eCO2, 560 ppm), ambient nitrogen deposition (aN) or elevated nitrogen deposition (eN) treatments for a decade. There exist antagonistic CO2×N interactions on microbial functional genes associated with C, N, P S cycling processes. More strong antagonistic CO2×N interactions are observed on C degradation genes than other genes. Remarkably antagonistic CO2×N interactions on soil microbial communities could enhance soil C accumulation.

2018-05-01 | GSE98512 | GEO

A comprehensive study to understand the effects of climate warming, simulated by soil transplant, on soil microbial community and its feedback responses

Project description:Soil transplant serves as a proxy to simulate climate change in realistic climate regimes. Here, we assessed the effects of climate warming and cooling on soil microbial communities, which are key drivers in Earth’s biogeochemical cycles, four years after soil transplant over large transects from northern (N site) to central (NC site) and southern China (NS site) and vice versa. Four years after soil transplant, soil nitrogen components, microbial biomass, community phylogenetic and functional structures were altered. Microbial functional diversity, measured by a metagenomic tool named GeoChip, and phylogenetic diversity are increased with temperature, while microbial biomass were similar or decreased. Nevertheless, the effects of climate change was overridden by maize cropping, underscoring the need to disentangle them in research. Mantel tests and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) demonstrated that vegetation, climatic factors (e.g., temperature and precipitation), soil nitrogen components and CO2 efflux were significantly correlated to the microbial community composition. Further investigation unveiled strong correlations between carbon cycling genes and CO2 efflux in bare soil but not cropped soil, and between nitrogen cycling genes and nitrification, which provides mechanistic understanding of these microbe-mediated processes and empowers an interesting possibility of incorporating bacterial gene abundance in greenhouse gas emission modeling.

2013-10-30 | GSE51592 | GEO

The microbial taxonomic and functional compositions at the Jasper Ridge Global Change Experiment

Project description:Fire is a crucial event regulating the structure and functioning of many ecosystems. Yet few studies focused on how fire affects both the taxonomic and functional diversity of soil microbial communities, along with plant diversity and soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) dynamics. Here, we analyze these effects for a grassland ecosystem 9-months after an experimental fire at the Jasper Ridge Global Change Experiment (JRGCE) site in California, USA. Fire altered soil microbial communities considerably, with community assembly process analysis indicating that environmental selection pressure was higher in burned sites. However, a small subset of highly connected taxa were able to withstand the disturbance. In addition, fire decreased the relative abundances of most genes associated with C degradation and N cycling, implicating a slow-down of microbial processes linked to soil C and N dynamics. In contrast, fire stimulated plant growth, likely enhancing plant-microbe competition for soil inorganic N. To synthesize our findings, we performed structural equation modeling, which showed that plants but not microbial communities were responsible for the significantly higher soil respiration rates in burned sites. In conclusion, fire is well-documented to considerable alter the taxonomic and functional composition of soil microorganisms, along with the ecosystem functioning, thus arousing feedback of ecosystem responses to affect global climate.

2022-02-19 | GSE126737 | GEO

Transcriptomic response of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants to ammonium toxicity at elevated CO2 conditions

Project description:This work aims to study the effect of the elevated CO2 concentration on the tomato plant response to the toxicity provoked by ammonium nutrition. Tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Agora Hybrid F1, VilmorinÂ®) were grown for 4 week with 15 mM of nitrogen, supplied as nitrate or ammonium, at ambient or elevated CO2 conditions (400 ppm or 800 ppm). Transcription profiling by array was carried out in roots for the four growth conditions assayed and gene expression comparisons were done between N sources and CO2 conditions: i) genes differentially expressed in response to the atmospheric CO2 concentration (800 ppm vs 400 ppm CO2) under nitrate or ammonium nutrition; ii) genes differentially expressed in response to the N source (ammonium vs nitrate) under ambient or elevated condition. 3 biological replicates for each growth condition were analysed.CO2).

2017-05-29 | E-MTAB-5558 | biostudies-arrayexpress

miRNA profiling of rice developing leaves in response to elevated CO2

Project description:Elevated CO2 (eCO2) has an influence on developing leaf growth of rice (Oryza sativa cv. Nipponbare), specifically lower growth stage than P4 (plastochron number), resulting in decrease in leaf size compared with that in ambient CO2 (aCO2). Since several micro RNAs are associated with the regulation of plant leaf development, in order to clarify which micro RNAs are involved in the decrease of leaf blade size at eCO2, we carried out high-throughput small RNA sequencing analysis and compared the amount of identified miRNAs in developing rice leaf blade grown between aCO2 and eCO2 condition.

2022-04-06 | GSE186906 | GEO

A comprehensive study to understand the effects of climate warming, simulated by soil transplant, on soil microbial community and its feedback responses

Project description:Soil transplant serves as a proxy to simulate climate change in realistic climate regimes. Here, we assessed the effects of climate warming and cooling on soil microbial communities, which are key drivers in EarthM-bM-^@M-^Ys biogeochemical cycles, four years after soil transplant over large transects from northern (N site) to central (NC site) and southern China (NS site) and vice versa. Four years after soil transplant, soil nitrogen components, microbial biomass, community phylogenetic and functional structures were altered. Microbial functional diversity, measured by a metagenomic tool named GeoChip, and phylogenetic diversity are increased with temperature, while microbial biomass were similar or decreased. Nevertheless, the effects of climate change was overridden by maize cropping, underscoring the need to disentangle them in research. Mantel tests and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) demonstrated that vegetation, climatic factors (e.g., temperature and precipitation), soil nitrogen components and CO2 efflux were significantly correlated to the microbial community composition. Further investigation unveiled strong correlations between carbon cycling genes and CO2 efflux in bare soil but not cropped soil, and between nitrogen cycling genes and nitrification, which provides mechanistic understanding of these microbe-mediated processes and empowers an interesting possibility of incorporating bacterial gene abundance in greenhouse gas emission modeling. Fifty four samples were collected from three soil types (Phaeozem,Cambisol,Acrisol) in three sites (Hailun, Fengqiu and Yingtan) along a latitude with reciprocal transplant; Both with and without maize cropping in each site; Three replicates in every treatments.

2013-10-30 | E-GEOD-51592 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Carbon fixation (endogenous sugar) and light-dependent gene expression

Project description:Internal sugar and light specific dependent regulation of leaf gene expression was addressed by changing [CO2] to lower than compensation point [CO2] in combination with light or prolonged darkness. Plants were grown on soil in a 12/12 h light/dark rhythm at 20°C day and night and under normal [CO2]. 5 weeks after germination, the above-ground rosettes of the non-flowering plants were harvested, 12 plants per sample. Plants were harvested 4hrs after the end of night (i) under low (< 50 ppm) [CO2] and 150 µE fluorescent light , (ii) under normal [CO2] and light, and, (iii) under low [CO2] and prolonged darkness. The low [CO2] treatment started 30 min before the end of night and stopped with harvesting. Keywords: repeat

2005-12-01 | GSE3423 | GEO

Differential effects of nitrogen addition on soil organic carbon decomposition correlate with changes in microbial C-degradation functional potentials in a Pinus tabulaeformis forest

Project description:Anthropogenic nitrogen (N) deposition may affect soil organic carbon (SOC) decomposition, thus affecting the global terrestrial carbon (C) cycle. However, it remains unclear how the level of N deposition affects SOC decomposition by regulating microbial community composition and function, especially C-cycling functional genes structure. We investigated the effects of short-term N addition on soil microbial C-cycling functional gene composition, SOC-degrading enzyme activities, and CO2 emission in a 5-year field experiment established in an artificial Pinus tabulaeformis forest on the Loess Plateau, China.

2022-03-01 | GSE147041 | GEO

Gene expression profiling of rice developing leaves in response to elevated CO2

Project description:Elevated CO2 (eCO2) condition has influence on developing leaf growth of rice (Oryza sativa cv. Nipponbare), specifically lower than P4 (plastochron number) stage, resulting in decrease in leaf size compared with that grown at ambient CO2 (aCO2). In this case, decrease in leaf size seems to be one of acclimation process at CO2 replete environment despite of the fact that number of tiller increase during CO2 replete periods; however, it is not yet elucidated which endogenous signal play a precise role in depression of developing leaf growth in those process. In this context, to elucidate precise signal interaction between mature and developing leaf of rice at eCO2 environment, we profiled gene expressions of developing rice leaf (P4) using oligo DNA microarray 4X44K RAP-DB (Agilent Technologies, Santa clara, CA).

2020-10-10 | GSE121054 | GEO

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