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Differential expression profiles of type I JAK inhibitor persistent vs. naïve MPN cells

ABSTRACT: The type I JAK inhibitor ruxolitinib is approved for therapy of MPN patients but evokes resistance with longer exposure. Several novel type I JAK inhibitors were studied and we show that they uniformly induce resistance via a shared mechanism of JAK family heterodimer formation.Here we studied the expression profiles of SET2 cell lines persistent to several different type I JAK inhibitors in comparison to naive SET2 cells or in comparison to SET2 cells with acute exposure to ruxolitinib.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE69827 | GEO | 2015/07/11

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA289489

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Differential expression profiles of type I JAK inhibitor persistent vs. naïve MPN cells

Project description:The type I JAK inhibitor ruxolitinib is approved for therapy of MPN patients but evokes resistance with longer exposure. Several novel type I JAK inhibitors were studied and we show that they uniformly induce resistance via a shared mechanism of JAK family heterodimer formation.Here we studied the expression profiles of SET2 cell lines persistent to several different type I JAK inhibitors in comparison to naive SET2 cells or in comparison to SET2 cells with acute exposure to ruxolitinib. Analysis of RNA isolated from several type I JAK inhibitor SET2 cell lines in comparison to naïve SET2 cells

2015-07-11 | E-GEOD-69827 | biostudies-arrayexpress

RNA-seq of human leukemia cell lines, MHH-CALL-4 and MUTZ-5, treated either with Ruxolitinib, FX1, or their combination.

Project description:CRLF2-rearranged acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is associated with poor clinical outcomes. Although JAK1/2 is activated in this type of ALL, treatment with JAK1/2 inhibitors is insufficient in inhibiting cell growth and inducing apoptosis. BCL6 upregulation upon JAK inhibition may account for this insufficiency. Therefore, we compared gene expression changes of two CRLF2-rearranged ALL cell lines, MHH-CALL-4 and MUTZ-5, treated with either ruxolitinib(a JAK1/2 inhibitor), FX1(a BCL6 inhibitor), their combination, or control.

2022-07-31 | E-MTAB-10755 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Selective Janus kinase 1 inhibition resolves inflammation and restores hair growth offering a viable treatment option for alopecia areata

Project description:JAK inhibition by means of clinically available pan JAK inhibitors has recently demonstrated great efficacy in both restoring hair growth and resolving inflammation in the skin of patients with Alopecia Areata (AA). These effects are dose dependent and mainly efficacious at ranges close to a questionable risk profile. Given the great responses to JAK inhibition and the current lack of efficacious treatments in AA, it is exciting to explore the possibilities to separate the beneficial and adverse effects in order to provide a successful treatment option for these patients where the medical need is still vastly unmet. Selective JAK1 inhibition mainly affects genes downstream of STAT1, STAT3 & STAT6 in human immune cells. Importantly, pathways like T-cell differentiation and lymphopoiesis are less affected by the selective JAK1 inhibitor versus less specific JAK inhibitors like tofacitinib and ruxolitinib. These findings indicate that it is feasible to develop more selective and specific JAK1 inhibitors that are as efficacious as pan-JAK inhibitors but with a better safety profile as systemic exposure is mandatory for efficacy in this disease.

2023-01-30 | GSE94235 | GEO

Degradation of Janus kinases in CRLF2-rearranged acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Project description:We evaluated the efficacy of proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) directed against Janus kinases. Solving the structure of FDA-approved type I JAK inhibitors ruxolitinib and baricitinib bound to the JAK2 JH1 tyrosine kinase domain enabled the rational design and optimization of Cereblon (CRBN)-directed JAK PROTACs utilizing multiple derivatives of JAK inhibitors, linkers and CRBN-specific molecular glues. The resulting JAK PROTACs were evaluated for target degradation by proteomic approaches, and activity tested in CRLF2-rearranged cell line and xenograft models of ALL.

| EGAS00001005180 | EGA

Study of Trametinib and Ruxolitinib in Colorectal Cancer and Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma

Project description:The purpose of this research study to find out if the drug trametinib in combination with ruxolitinib is safe, tolerable and has beneficial effects in people who has certain type of cancers including the type that you have. Patients with RAS mutant colorectal cancer and pancreatic adenocarcinoma are invited to participate in this study. This is the first time that both trametinib and ruxolitinib are studied in combination. Trametinib is marketed in several countries with the brand name Mekinist for the treatment of melanoma (a type of skin cancer). Trametinib has been studied extensively in cancer and has been tested in many patients. Ruxolitinib is an oral inhibitor of JAK1 and JAK2 tyrosine kinases and is approved for treatment of adult polycythemia vera and myelofibrosis. Ruxolitinib has been studied extensively in many patients.

| 2332707 | ecrin-mdr-crc

Transient JAK/STAT pathway inhibition prevents natural occurring B-ALL development in genetically predisposed Pax5+/- mice

Project description:We used microarrays to investigate gene expression changes in bone marrow B220+ cells from Pax5+/- and wild-type mice after ruxolitinib treatment during 2 weeks. Preventing development of B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), a disease with devastating effects in children, is a longstanding and unsolved challenge in medicine. In humans and mice, germline alterations in the Pax5 gene can lead to B-ALL. Preclinical studies have shown that this malignant transformation only occurs under an immune stress through the accumulation of secondary mutations in the JAK/STAT pathway. Here we describe that transient oral administration of ruxolitinib, a drug targeting the JAK/STAT pathway, can mitigate the risk of B-ALL in Pax5+/- mice. Although exposure to infection strongly potentiates leukemogenesis, the development of B-ALL was significantly impeded by transient in vivo treatment of Pax5+/- mice with ruxolitinib early in life (p-value=0.0332). These findings provided the first in vivo evidence for an effective preventive strategy for B-ALL development in genetically predisposed mice.

2021-07-02 | GSE179182 | GEO

Development of resistance to type II JAK2 inhibition in MPN depends on AXL kinase and is targetable

Project description:Purpose: Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) dysregulate JAK2 signaling. Since clinical JAK2 inhibitors have limited disease-modifying effects, type II JAK2 inhibitors such as CHZ868 stabilizing inactive JAK2 and reducing MPN clones, gain interest. We studied whether MPN cells escape from type ll inhibition.Methods: MPN cells were continuously exposed to CHZ868. We used phosphoproteomic analyses and ATAC-/RNA-sequencing to characterize acquired resistance to type II JAK2 inhibition, and targeted candidate mediators in MPN cells and mice.Results: MPN cells showed increased IC50 and reduced apoptosis upon CHZ868 reflecting acquired resistance to JAK2 inhibition. Among >2500 differential phospho-sites, MAPK pathway activation was most prominent, while JAK2-STAT3/5 remained suppressed. Altered histone occupancy promoting AP-1/GATA binding motif exposure associated with upregulated AXL kinase and enriched RAS target gene profiles. AXL knockdown resensitized MPN cells and combined JAK2/AXL inhibition using bemcentinib or gilteritinib reduced IC50 to levels of sensitive cells. While resistant cells induced tumor growth in NSG mice despite JAK2 inhibition, JAK2/AXL inhibition largely prevented tumor progression. Since inhibitors of MAPK pathway kinases such as MEK are clinically used in other malignancies, we evaluated JAK2/MAPK inhibition with trametinib to interfere with AXL-MAPK-induced resistance. Tumor growth was halted similarly to JAK2/AXL inhibition and in a systemic cell line-derived mouse model, marrow infiltration was decreased supporting dependency on AXL-MAPK.Conclusions: We report on a novel mechanism of AXL-MAPK-driven escape from type II JAK2 inhibition, which is targetable at different nodes. This highlights AXL as mediator of acquired resistance warranting inhibition to enhance sustainability of JAK2 inhibition in MPN

2023-11-07 | PXD039419 | Pride

Effect of the janus kinase inhibitor ruxolitinib on gene expression of chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells in vivo

Project description:Symptomatic previously untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients were treated with the janus kinase (JAK)-inhibitor ruxolitinib (clinicaltrials.gov, number NCT02015208). CLL cells from 6 of the patients were purified prior to commencing ruxolitinib and again 4 or 8 weeks after treatment and analyzed by RNAseq. Ruxolitinib induced a stereotyped response in all patients consisting of a rapid decrease in palpable lymphadenopathy accompanied by increased lymphocytosis and blood lactate dehydrogenase. This response was associated with evidence of inhibited JAK-signaling in CLL cells but activation of other oncogenic pathways.

2022-03-05 | GSE197811 | GEO

JAK inhibitors dampen activation of interferon-stimulated transcription of ACE2 isoforms in human airway epithelial cells

Project description:SARS-CoV-2 infection of human airway epithelium activates genetic programs leading to progressive hyperinflammation in COVID-19 patients. Here, we report on transcriptomes activated in primary airway cells by interferons and their suppression by Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors. Deciphering the regulation of the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the receptor for SARS-CoV-2, is paramount for understanding the cell tropism of SARS-CoV-2 infection. ChIP-seq for activating histone marks and Pol II loading identified candidate enhancer elements controlling the ACE2 locus, including the intronic dACE2 promoter. Employing RNA-seq, we demonstrate that interferons activate expression of dACE2 and, to a lesser extent, the genuine ACE2 gene. Interferon-induced gene expression was mitigated by the JAK inhibitors baricitinib and ruxolitinib, used therapeutically in COVID-19 patients. Through integrating RNA-seq and ChIP-seq data we provide an in-depth understanding of genetic programs activated by interferons, and our study highlights JAK inhibitors as suitable tools to suppress these in bronchial cells.

2021-04-23 | GSE161665 | GEO

JAK inhibitors dampen activation of interferon-stimulated transcription of ACE2 isoforms in human airway epithelial cells (RNA-seq)

Project description:SARS-CoV-2 infection of human airway epithelium activates genetic programs leading to progressive hyperinflammation in COVID-19 patients. Here, we report on transcriptomes activated in primary airway cells by interferons and their suppression by Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors. Deciphering the regulation of the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the receptor for SARS-CoV-2, is paramount for understanding the cell tropism of SARS-CoV-2 infection. ChIP-seq for activating histone marks and Pol II loading identified candidate enhancer elements controlling the ACE2 locus, including the intronic dACE2 promoter. Employing RNA-seq, we demonstrate that interferons activate expression of dACE and, to a lesser extent, the genuine ACE2 gene. Interferon-induced gene expression was mitigated by the JAK inhibitors baricitinib and ruxolitinib used therapeutically in COVID-19 patients. Through integrating RNA-seq and ChIP-seq data we provide an in-depth understanding of genetic programs activated by interferons, and our study highlights JAK inhibitors as suitable tools to suppress these in bronchial cells.

2021-04-23 | GSE161664 | GEO

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