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Transcriptional changes associated with woolliness during fruit ripening in Prunus persica

ABSTRACT: During ripening of fruits stored under low temperatures, a number of physiological alterations which are manifested in a reduction of juice content take place, resulting in the apparition of woolly fruits. Modifications in cell wall structure during the ripening process are proposed to be key to determine the decreasing of juice content in woolly fruits. Under the assumption that changes in relative abundance of genes related to cell wall metabolism would be involved in woolliness development, in this work we present an analysis of the expression of multiple genes, which serves as an approximation to uncover the mechanisms behind this physiological alteration. The expression of 847 genes was examined using macroarrays hybridizations. Membranes were hybridized with 32P-labeled cDNAs synthesized from mRNAs of juice and woolly peaches. The results showed that 67.5% of the clones (n = 573) fulfilled all filter criteria and they were selected for sequence analysis. Our analysis indicate that 45% of transcripts which present a consistent expression level in all biological replicates are activated exclusively in juice condition, and only 15% in woolly fruits. In the resting 40% (transcripts common to both conditions,) only 5% presents an abundance increase in woolly samples. Keywords: Analysis of physiological disorder in peaches

ORGANISM(S): Prunus persica

PROVIDER: GSE7145 | GEO | 2007/04/30

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA98185

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Tomato fruit ripening is under the control of ethylene as well as a group of ethylene-independent transcription factors, including NON-RIPENING (NOR) and RIPENING INHIBITOR (RIN). During ripening, the linear carotene lycopene accumulates at the expense of cyclic carotenoids. Fruit-specific overexpression of LYCOPENE β-CYCLASE (LCYb) under the control of the PHYTOENE DESATURASE (PDS) promoter resulted in increased levels of β-carotene and ABA and in decreased ethylene levels. Genes regulated by ABA, or involved in its synthesis and signaling, were overexpressed, while those associated with ethylene and cell wall remodeling were repressed. In agreement with the transcriptional data, LCYb-overexpressing fruits exhibited increased density of cell wall material containing linear, under-methylated pectins and displayed an array of additional ripening phenotypes, including delayed softening, increased turgor, enhanced shelf life and a thicker cuticle with a higher content of cutin monomers and triterpenoids. The levels of several primary metabolites and phenylpropanoids also changed in the transgenics, which could be attributed to delayed fruit ripening and to ABA respectively. Network correlation analysis suggests that ABA, acting through NOR and RIN, is responsible for many of the above phenotypes. These data reinforce suggestions that ABA plays an important role in tomato fruit ripening and provide clues that fruit b-carotene, acting as a precursor for ABA, actively participates in controlling the ripening process rather than merely being an output thereof. Overexpression of a LCYb gene from Arabidopsis under the control of the ripening-associated PDS promoter leads to ripe tomato fruits accumulating high β-carotene levels. Using several independent transgenic lines, we conducted a system-wide study of the effect of increased β-carotene levels on tomato fruit ripening and shelf life. Our data suggest that β-carotene, acting through ABA, is involved in a regulatory loop within the network controlling tomato fruit ripening.

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Transcriptional changes associated with woolliness during fruit ripening in Prunus persica

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